Article
Plant Sciences
Dagmar Janovska, Michal Jagr, Pavel Svoboda, Vaclav Dvoracek, Vladimir Meglic, Petra Hlasna Cepkova
Summary: The study evaluated phenotypic and morphological traits of 136 buckwheat accessions, including total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Significant differences were observed among years and genotypes for morphological traits and chemical compounds. Protein content, plant height, and rutin content showed higher mean values in 2020, while total polyphenol content and 1000-seed weight showed the opposite trend.
Article
Agronomy
Petr Prochazka, Mansoor Maitah, Kevin J. Mullen, Vladimir Honig, Jana Soukupova, Martina Zamkova, Stanislav Rojik, Lubos Smutka, Inna Cabelkova, Jana Hinke, Marek Dvorak, Petra Sanova
Summary: This paper examines the main determinants of agricultural land prices variations in Czech farm-land and how urbanization, lease payments, and subsidies influence these variations. The study uses the Augmented Dickey Fuller Test to investigate the existence of a unit root and the co-integration approach, specifically the Johansen procedure, to estimate the long-run relationship between farm-land value and these elements. The analysis confirms the existence of this long-run relationship. Short-run fluctuations in agricultural land prices are explained using the Error Correction Model, with urbanization identified as the most important variable. This information can help regulators avoid potential instabilities and volatility in agricultural land values, contributing to sustainable land use.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Peter Durcansky, Branislav Zvada, Radovan Nosek, Jan Najser, Tomas Najser
Summary: The use of renewable resources has been increasing in recent years, which is closely related to state support. The article analyzes the use of renewable energy sources in the Czech Republic and the impact of state support on the number of installations. It also presents the development of the legislative framework and predicts the future impact of government measures.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Review
Virology
Zdenek Hubalek
Summary: This review traces the history of studies on endemic arboviruses and associated diseases in the Czech lands, focusing on a variety of viruses and providing a bibliography of relevant papers.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucie Kolatorova, Karolina Adamcova, Jana Vitku, Lenka Horackova, Marketa Simkova, Marketa Hornova, Michala Vosatkova, Veronika Vaisova, Antonin Parizek, Michaela Duskova
Summary: The study aimed to monitor fertility parameters and antibody levels in 25 healthy fertile women before and after receiving the third dose of COVID-19 vaccination. The results showed no significant changes in the measured parameters after vaccination, while women who had experienced COVID-19 infection showed significant changes in fertility markers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Vladimir Machovic, Martina Havelcova, Ladislav Lapcak, Jiri Mizera, Ivana Sykorova
Summary: This study analyzed uranium-rich bitumens from the Permian rocks in Vrchlabi, Czech Republic, and found that the inclusion of uraninite grain can lead to chemical and structural changes in the organic matter. This research is important for understanding the nature and behavior of organic matter in other uraniferous environments or in radioactive waste repositories.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Urban Studies
Pavel Saradin, Monika Brusenbauch Meislova, Marketa Zapletalova
Summary: The article aims to explore the implementation of democratic innovations in Prague, Czech Republic. Through questionnaire surveys and interviews, the study provides a systematic and detailed analysis of the issue and offers important insights. The research findings demonstrate how democratic innovations have been applied in Prague and the impact of political ideologies on their implementation.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ondrej Parizek, Tomas Gramblicka, Denisa Parizkova, Andrea Polachova, Kamila Bechynska, Darina Dvorakova, Michal Stupak, Jiri Dusek, Jitka Pavlikova, Jan Topinka, Radim J. Sram, Jana Pulkrabova
Summary: This study conducted a biomonitoring survey on 231 human breast milk samples collected in 2019 and 2021 from two regions of the Czech Republic. The survey revealed the presence of 94 organohalogenated pollutants, including PCBs, OCPs, HFRs, PFAS, and PCNs. The concentrations of these pollutants were evaluated using advanced analytical techniques. The results showed a decline in the levels of banned POPs in Czech mothers, with higher concentrations of PCBs and OCPs observed in older breastfeeding primiparous women.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lenka Lhotska, Olga Stepankova
Summary: Artificial intelligence has been continuously growing as a research area for several decades. The rapid technological development in medicine and healthcare has led to the need for intelligent analysis and evaluation of large volumes of data. This article focuses on women researchers and selected AI projects in medicine in the Czech Republic, demonstrating the wide range of applications developed in the past fifteen years. Women researchers have played a crucial role in motivating young female students to join the AI research community and have actively participated in research projects. The overview of projects presented highlights the diversity of the medical field and the potential of AI methods.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Zuzana Stipkova, Spyros Tsiftsis, Pavel Kindlmann
Summary: This study in six floristic areas of the Czech Republic explores the relationships between orchid species richness, species specialization index and altitude, revealing different trends among orchid groups classified by rooting systems. These patterns are likely influenced by the country's orography and distribution of habitats in the six floristic areas.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pavel Balvin, Adam Vizina, Magdalena Nesladkova, Johanna Blocher, Marcela Makovcova, Vojtech Moravec, Martin Hanel
Summary: The determination of minimum residual flow (MRF) in Europe varies due to different hydrological conditions, ecosystem requirements, water abstraction needs, and legislation. Despite the difficulty in qualitatively comparing methodologies among countries, individual approaches can serve as examples for developing new methodologies in legislative or environmental improvements. The Czech Republic has been working on MRF regulations for ten years, focusing on modern trends in ecological standards and utilizing standard hydrological characteristics for calculations. The new proposed approach is undergoing a complex approval process as it seeks to increase MRF levels compared to current methods.
Article
Water Resources
Max C. A. Torbenson, Rudolf Brazdil, James H. Stagge, Jan Esper, Ulf Buntgen, Adam Vizina, Martin Hanel, Oldrich Rakovec, Milan Fischer, Otmar Urban, Vaclav Treml, Frederick Reinig, Edurne Martinez del Castillo, Michal Rybnicek, Tomas Kolar, Miroslav Trnka
Summary: This study focuses on the hydrological summer extremes in the Morava River basin in Czech Republic, Danube Basin, Central Europe. By utilizing tree-ring network, the study reconstructs the variability of baseflow from 1745 to 2018 CE. The reconstructions indicate an increased variability of warm-season flow during the past 100 years, with extreme high and low flows occurring after the start of instrumental observations. The study also suggests that even lower flows could likely occur in the future considering the changing trends in baseflow.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY-REGIONAL STUDIES
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Kyriaki Daskalopoulou, Heiko Woith, Martin Zimmer, Samuel Niedermann, Johannes A. C. Barth, Alexander H. Frank, Andrea Vieth-Hillebrand, Josef Vlcek, Cemile Dilara Bag, Ralf Bauz
Summary: The Cheb Basin in the Czech Republic is characterized by magma-derived gas emanations and mid-crustal earthquake swarms. Gas samples from the Hartousov Mofette in the basin showed variations in chemical and isotope compositions, including high CO2 concentrations and fluctuations in other gases such as helium and methane. The drilling of a third borehole in August 2019 provided crucial insights into the complex system of the Hartousov Mofette.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Entomology
Alena Votavova, Oldrich Trneny, Jana Stavenikova, Magdalena Dybova, Jan Brus, Olga Komzakova
Summary: In recent decades, there has been a significant global decline in pollinators, with bumblebees being one of the important contributors to pollination. Factors such as habitat loss, climate change, pesticides, and pathogens have contributed to the decline of bumblebee populations. This study provides the first knowledge of the occurrence of three parasite species in bumblebees in the Czech Republic and reveals the influence of environment on parasite infection.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jana Soukopova, Beata Mikusova-Merickova, Juraj Nemec, Marketa Sumpikova
Summary: This paper analyzes the impact of selected institutional factors on waste management costs in the Czech Republic. The findings suggest that outsourcing and intermunicipal cooperation help reduce costs, while public mode of production, public-private partnerships, increased market concentration, and provision by multinationals increase costs.
Article
Paleontology
Jakub Vodicka, Lucy A. Muir, Joseph P. Botting, Vaclav Spillar, Oldrich Fatka
Summary: This study discovered well-preserved chitinozoan clusters, which are critical for understanding the biological affinity of chitinozoans. Modeling simulations suggest that these clusters may have originated from a larger cluster and are interpreted as egg masses. These findings support the interpretation of all chitinozoans as metazoan eggs.
MARINE MICROPALEONTOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Paleontology
Oldrich Fatka, Petr Budil
Summary: The Barrandian area of the Tepla-Barrandian Unit is an important site for studying trilobites. Heinrich Ernst Beyrich, a German paleontologist, made significant contributions by studying and describing five species of Ordovician trilobites from this region in the mid-19th century.
Article
Geology
Oldrich Fatka, Petr Budil, Radek Mikulas
Summary: The Lower Paleozoic sediments of the Barrandian area in the Czech Republic are famous worldwide for their well-preserved skeletal marine fauna, including abundant trilobite remains. Researchers have discovered several morphologically abnormal trilobite exoskeletons from Cambrian to Devonian sediments, with one exceptionally well-preserved example from the Ordovician showing a palaeopathological anomaly in its pygidium. The anomaly is interpreted as a healed traumatic injury caused by a failed predatory attack, potentially by a large cephalopod or an unknown arthropod during the trilobite's soft-shelled stage.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Peter Van Roy, Stepan Rak, Petr Budil, Oldrich Fatka
Summary: Cheloniellida is a rare and significant clade of artiopod euarthropods. Triopus draboviensis, the first described cheloniellid, has been subject to speculation for many years due to missing parts. In this study, the holotype of Triopus draboviensis is redescribed, and a new specimen, Triopus sp., is described. The trunk structure of the new specimen allows for a complete reconstruction of Triopus' dorsal exoskeleton. Previous fossils believed to be cephalic shields of Triopus are reassessed, and a revised diagnosis for Cheloniellida is provided.
GEOLOGICAL MAGAZINE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Vojtech Kovar, Oldrich Fatka, Jakub Vodicka
Summary: Monogeneric clusters of five acritarch genera were found in the middle Cambrian Jince Formation, consisting of two to more than 100 individual specimens and lacking a common pattern of organization. The formation of these clusters is likely due to aggregation within algal blooms or primary colonial behavior. Clusters of various acritarch genera have also been documented in rocks from the early Paleozoic era to the Late Devonian age.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Oldrich Fatka, Martin Valent, Petr Budil
Summary: The Palaeozoic sediments of the Barrandian area are well-known for their abundant marine fauna, and a hyolith operculum showing regeneration after a non-lethal predatory attack has been discovered, providing new insights into the behavior of these ancient animals.
Article
Plant Sciences
Vojtech Kovar, Matej Silinger, Oldrich Fatka, Rainer Brocke
Summary: This study compares cuticular remains of Caryocaris? and Ceratiocaris? obtained through maceration of macrofossil remains with dispersed fragments isolated using low-manipulation HF extraction and standard HCl-HF-HCl method. The examined specimens were from Ordovician and Silurian shales in Prague Basin, Czech Republic. The methodological approach allows a direct comparison of macrofossil remains with microfossils in residue, and discusses the differences in residues obtained through the two bulk-rock extraction methods.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Petr Kraft, Valeria Vaskaninova, Michal Mergl, Petr Budil, Oldrich Fatka, Per E. Ahlberg
Summary: Trilobites are iconic fossils and an important part of marine ecosystems. The discovery of fossilized gut contents of an Ordovician trilobite sheds light on its feeding habits and provides insights into this extinct arthropod.
Article
Paleontology
Oldrich Fatka, Jakub Vodicka
Summary: The study suggests a distinction between Ordovician Krejciella and Cambrian Margaretia due to geographic distribution differences.
PALAEONTOLOGIA ELECTRONICA
(2022)
Article
Paleontology
Oldrich Fatka, Petr Budil, Petr Kraft
Summary: The study describes the articulated holaspid specimens of Placoparia and Eoharpes found in cephalopod conchs and under the remains of large trilobites, providing insights into the life strategy and shelter behavior of some benthic trilobites from the Ordovician period. The sheltered preservation of trilobites can be explained by hiding behavior associated with predation, storm disturbances, seeking for food, or vulnerability after moulting. Placoparia and Eoharpes deliberately entered restricted spaces under skeletal parts of large trilobites or inside cephalopod conchs, showcasing frozen behavior strategies.