Antimicrobial Actions and Applications of Chitosan

Chitosan is a naturally originating product that can be applied in many areas due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and nontoxic properties. The broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity of chitosan offers great commercial potential for this product. Nevertheless, the antimicrobial activity of chitosan varies, because this activity is associated with its physicochemical characteristics and depends on the type of microorganism. In this review article, the fundamental properties, modes of antimicrobial action, and antimicrobial effects-related factors of chitosan are discussed. We further summarize how microorganisms genetically respond to chitosan. Finally, applications of chitosan-based biomaterials, such as nanoparticles and films, in combination with current clinical antibiotics or antifungal drugs, are also addressed.

Automated summary

Chitosan, a naturally occurring product, has biocompatibility, biodegradability, and non-toxic properties, making it applicable in many areas. Its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity provides great commercial potential, but varies depending on its physicochemical characteristics and type of microorganism. Understanding the fundamental properties and modes of antimicrobial action of chitosan, as well as how microorganisms genetically respond to it, can lead to better applications.