Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tim Hundscheid, Wes Onland, Elisabeth M. W. Kooi, Daniel C. Vijlbrief, Willem B. de Vries, Koen P. Dijkman, Anton H. van Kaam, Eduardo Villamor, Andre A. Kroon, Remco Visser, Susanne M. Mulder-de Tollenaer, Barbara De Bisschop, Peter H. Dijk, Daniela Avino, Catheline Hocq, Alexandra Zecic, Marisse Meeus, Tessa de Baat, Frank Derriks, Tine B. Henriksen, Kasper J. Kyng, Rogier Donders, Debbie H. G. M. Nuytemans, Bart Van Overmeire, Antonius L. Mulder, Willem P. de Boode
Summary: This trial showed that in the treatment of PDA in extremely preterm infants, expectant management was noninferior to early ibuprofen treatment in terms of necrotizing enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, or death at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter Evans, Deirdre O'Reilly, Jonathan N. Flyer, Roger Soll, Souvik Mitra
Summary: High-certainty evidence shows that indomethacin is effective in closing a symptomatic PDA compared to placebo or no treatment in preterm infants. However, evidence is insufficient regarding effects of indomethacin on other clinically relevant outcomes and medication-related adverse effects.
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Katelyn Hillier, Karlee Jones, Melanie MacInnis, Souvik Mitra
Summary: The study demonstrated that high-dose ibuprofen may significantly reduce the need for PDA ligations compared to standard dose ibuprofen when treating hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus. The use of standard-dose ibuprofen may independently predict an increased risk of PDA ligation, but there were no differences in safety between the two doses.
JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Gianluca Terrin, Maria Di Chiara, Giovanni Boscarino, Valentina Metrangolo, Francesca Faccioli, Elisa Onesta, Antonella Giancotti, Violante Di Donato, Viviana Cardilli, Mario De Curtis
Summary: The study found a significant association between newborns with hs-PDA and morbidity, especially impacting extremely premature infants, with lower gestational age and birth weight. In extremely preterm babies, hs-PDA was identified as an independent risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a major morbidity of prematurity.
ITALIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Souvik Mitra, Amish Jain, Joseph Y. Ting, Nadya Ben Fadel, Christine Drolet, Ayman Abou Mehrem, Amuchou Soraisham, Bonny Jasani, Deepak Louis, Anie Lapointe, Jon Dorling, Faiza Khurshid, Abbas Hyderi, Kumar Kumaran, Jaya Bodani, Dany Weisz, Ruben Alvaro, Mohammed Adie, Miroslav Stavel, Alyssa Morin, Soume Bhattacharya, Jaideep Kanungo, Rody Canning, Xiang Y. Ye, Tara Hatfield, Courtney E. Gardner, Prakesh Shah
Summary: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of different pharmacotherapeutic agents in treating PDA in preterm infants across 22 NICUs in Canada. The primary outcome is the failure of primary pharmacotherapy, with secondary outcomes including clinical response to treatment and adverse effects. The study has been approved by ethics boards and institutional review boards of participating centers.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Alessandra Mayer, Gaia Francescato, Nicola Pesenti, Federico Schena, Fabio Mosca
Summary: This study aims to assess the relationship between the duration and magnitude of ductal shunt or medical treatment for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP). The study found that a higher percentage of patients with SIP had a hemodynamically significant PDA (HSPDA) and were treated with either NSAIDs or paracetamol. Among non-treated patients, there was an increase in the odds of SIP per day of persistence of HSPDA. Among treated patients, there was an increase in the odds of SIP per dose of drug administered.
JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Maria Carmen Bravo, Rebeca Sanchez-Salmador, Maria Teresa Moral-Pumarega, Manuela Lopez-Azorin, Rocio Mosqueda-Pena, Izaskun Dorronsoro, Fernando Cabanas, Adelina Pellicer
Summary: The study compared echo-guided PDA closure with continuous ibuprofen infusion for 24 hours and conventional bolus infusion in preterm infants with hemodynamically significant PDA. The results found no difference in success rates or reduction in severe bowel events between the two treatment groups.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Salome Waldvogel, Andrew Atkinson, Melanie Wilbeaux, Mathias Nelle, Markus R. Berger, Roland Gerull
Summary: High-dose indomethacin (HDI) for PDA closure is associated with an increase in necrotizing enterocolitis and BPD. Risks of HDI should be balanced against other treatment options.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2021)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
John van den Anker
Summary: This article discusses the management of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and finds that expectant management is noninferior to early ibuprofen treatment in preventing complications and death. However, the study did not consider the fact that a significant percentage of infants in both groups also received acetaminophen, which has been found to have similar effectiveness to ibuprofen for PDA closure.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Gabriela de Carvalho Nunes, Punnanee Wutthigate, Jessica Simoneau, Marc Beltempo, Guilherme Mendes Sant'Anna, Gabriel Altit
Summary: This retrospective study evaluated spontaneous closure of the patent ductus arteriosus in extremely preterm infants, finding that the majority, including those born at less than 26 weeks gestational age, experienced spontaneous closure before term corrected age. Additionally, there were improved respiratory outcomes over time.
JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ilse H. de Lange, Charlotte van Gorp, Laurens D. Eeftinck Schattenkerk, Wim G. van Gemert, Joep P. M. Derikx, Tim G. A. M. Wolfs
Summary: This article summarizes the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), highlighting the immaturity of the intestinal immune system in preterm infants and abnormal microbial colonization as key factors. Enteral feeding is considered an important factor influencing NEC pathogenesis, with bioactive components in breast milk being effective in preventing NEC.
Article
Pediatrics
Christopher C. Buckland, James E. Potts, John B. Mawson, J. A. Gordon Culham
Summary: This article illustrates the association between the ductus arteriosus and various congenital cardiac, vascular, and pulmonary lesions, which can impact different circulatory systems and airways.
PEDIATRIC RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Zhuoma Xiongqiu, Tiange Li, Qi An
Summary: This is a rare case of congenital anomalies and clinical manifestations in a newborn. Computed tomography and three-dimensional reconstruction revealed tracheal stenosis, aberrant right subclavian artery, and patent ductus arteriosus. The anatomical anomalies may have caused necrotizing enterocolitis, leading to bloody stool.
HEART SURGERY FORUM
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Zeming Zhou, Yuanrui Gu, Hong Zheng, Shiguo Li, Liang Xu, Qiong Liu, Junyi Wan, Jianhua Lv, Huijun Song, Chaowu Yan, Haibo Hu, Gejun Zhang, Zhongying Xu, Jinglin Jin
Summary: The study aimed to compare the advantages of different approaches for closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and guide clinical strategies. Retrospective analysis of patients undergoing transcatheter closure of PDA from 2019 to 2020 was conducted. The results showed that the simple vein approach (SVA) was associated with significantly reduced length of hospital stay, length of operation, and contrast medium usage compared to the conventional arteriovenous approach (CAA).
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joonsik Park, So J. Yoon, Jungho Han, In G. Song, Joohee Lim, Jeong E. Shin, Ho S. Eun, Kook Park, Min S. Park, Soon M. Lee
Summary: This study evaluated national epidemiologic data on infants treated for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in Korea and found an increase in the prevalence of PDA diagnosis and treatment in very low birth weight infants in recent years. Surgical treatment had a higher risk of mortality compared to conservative treatment, while surgical and/or medical treatments were associated with a higher risk of morbidity. Recent trends have shown an increased use of conservative management for PDA, leading to improved outcomes in very low birth weight infants.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Flavia Indrio, Josef Neu, Massimo Pettoello-Mantovani, Flavia Marchese, Silvia Martini, Alessia Salatto, Arianna Aceti
Summary: The second and third trimesters of pregnancy are critical for the development of the gastrointestinal tract. Premature birth can lead to immature digestive function and gut microbiome, resulting in poor nutrition and severe complications. Understanding the developmental features of GI functions can improve the nutritional management of preterm infants.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chiara Suttora, Annalisa Guarini, Mariagrazia Zuccarini, Arianna Aceti, Luigi Corvaglia, Alessandra Sansavini
Summary: Young children use gestures to practice communicative functions, which foster their linguistic skills. This study found that the use of gestures and gesture-word combinations by late talkers can enhance their language acquisition. Interindividual differences in late talkers' gesture and gesture-word production are influenced by individual and environmental factors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Isadora Beghetti, Monica Barone, Luigia De Fazio, Eleonora Laderchi, Elena Biagi, Silvia Turroni, Patrizia Brigidi, Andrea Pession, Luigi Corvaglia, Arianna Aceti
Summary: Human milk is the best feeding option for preterm infants. When mother's milk is not available, pasteurized donor human milk is the best alternative. This study compared the microbiota of pasteurized donor human milk with the milk from mothers who delivered prematurely and assessed the effect of pasteurization on the microbiota. The results showed that pasteurized donor human milk had higher alpha diversity and a different composition compared to milk from mothers who delivered prematurely. Pasteurization also had an impact on the microbiota structure of human milk.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Flavia Indrio, Pedro Gutierrez Castrellon, Yvan Vandenplas, Ener Cagri Dinleyici, Ruggiero Francavilla, Massimo Pettoello Mantovani, Assunta Grillo, Isadora Beghetti, Luigi Corvaglia, Arianna Aceti
Summary: Through a systematic review and network meta-analysis, it was found that infant formula supplemented with probiotics or synbiotics may have certain effects on reducing colic, fever days, and antibiotic use in healthy infants and 36-month-old toddlers. However, there is considerable heterogeneity which reduces the certainty of these effects, and no significant effects were observed on weight, height, and changes in fecal bacteria proportions.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Silvia Martini, Mariarosaria Annunziata, Anna Nunzia Della Gatta, Arianna Aceti, Marica Brunetti, Gianluigi Pilu, Giuliana Simonazzi, Luigi Corvaglia
Summary: Antenatal Doppler abnormalities are associated with increased gastrointestinal risks in preterm infants. Detailed knowledge of Doppler features can help identify patients at highest risk of intestinal complications, who may benefit from tailored enteral feeding management.
Review
Pediatrics
Silvia Martini, Iuri Corsini, Luigi Corvaglia, Pradeep Suryawanshi, Belinda Chan, Yogen Singh
Summary: Despite recent improvements in neonatal care, moderate to severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is still associated with high mortality and increased risk of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Echocardiographic and lung ultrasound biomarkers can reflect the development and severity of BPD and PH. Early assessment may not accurately predict later BPD, while lung ultrasound at day 7 after birth can predict later BPD development. Routine surveillance and echocardiographic assessment for PH in at-risk preterm infants may provide useful information for management. More studies are needed to validate proposed parameters and timing of assessment for routine clinical practice.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Silvia Martini, Arianna Aceti, Anna Nunzia Della Gatta, Isadora Beghetti, Concetta Marsico, Gianluigi Pilu, Luigi Corvaglia
Summary: The detrimental effects of oxidative stress (OS) can start as early as after conception. Preterm infants are particularly susceptible to oxidative damage due to their physiological immaturity of antioxidant defenses and increased exposure to free radicals. This narrative review provides a detailed overview of the OS-related pathophysiological mechanisms in the preterm population during pregnancy and the early postnatal period, focusing on pregnancy disorders associated with preterm birth and specific postnatal complications.
Article
Pediatrics
Silvia Martini, Jacopo Lenzi, Vittoria Paoletti, Monica Maffei, Francesco Toni, Anna Fetta, Arianna Aceti, Duccio Maria Cordelli, Mariagrazia Zuccarini, Annalisa Guarini, Alessandra Sansavini, Luigi Corvaglia
Summary: This study evaluates the relationship between impaired brain growth and structural brain abnormalities in extremely low-birth-weight infants. It finds that distinctive MRI abnormalities correlate with specific developmental skills, suggesting that brain MRI at term-equivalent age may assist with neurodevelopmental prediction and targeted interventions to improve outcomes.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Iuri Corsini, Javier Rodriguez-Fanjul, Francesco Raimondi, Luca Boni, Alberto Berardi, Victoria Aldecoa-Bilbao, Almudena Alonso-Ojembarrena, Gina Ancora, Salvatore Aversa, Renzo Beghini, Nerea Bilbao Meseguer, Letizia Capasso, Francesca Chesi, Martina Ciarcia, Ana Concheiro, Luigi Corvaglia, Benjamim Ficial, Luca Filippi, Jesus Fuentes Carballal, Monica Fusco, Sara Gatto, Gemma Ginovart, Rebeca Gregorio-Hernandez, Gianluca Lista, Manuel Sanchez-Luna, Silvia Martini, Luca Massenzi, Francesca Miselli, Domenica Mercadante, Fabio Mosca, Marta Teresa Palacio, Alessandro Perri, Francesca Piano, Marcelino Pumarada Prieto, Lorena Rodeno Fernandez, Francesco Maria Risso, Marilena Savoia, Alex Staffler, Giovanni Vento, Carlo Dani
Summary: This study aims to determine whether the use of lung ultrasound score (LUS) as a decision tool for surfactant replacement therapy (SRT) in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) can reduce the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) or death. A total of 668 spontaneously-breathing preterm infants, born at 25+0 to 29+6 weeks' gestation, will be randomized into a control group and a study group. The control group will receive SRT only when the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) exceeds 0.3, while the study group will receive SRT if the LUS score is higher than 8 or the FiO2 requirements exceed 0.3. The primary outcome will be the difference in proportion of infants with BPD or death between the study and control groups.
Article
Pediatrics
Anna Nunzia Della Gatta, Arianna Aceti, Sofia Fiore Spinedi, Silvia Martini, Luigi Corvaglia, Alessandra Sansavini, Mariagrazia Zuccarini, Jacopo Lenzi, Anna Seidenari, Camilla Dionisi, Gianluigi Pilu, Giuliana Simonazzi
Summary: This study aims to assess the impact of time of onset and features of early foetal growth restriction (FGR) with absent end-diastolic flow (AEDF) on pregnancy outcomes and on preterm infants' clinical and neurodevelopmental outcomes up to 2 years corrected age. The study suggests that the timing and features of early FGR + AEDF may have different effects on neonatal clinical and neurodevelopmental outcomes.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Silvia Martini, Italo Francesco Gatelli, Ottavio Vitelli, Silvia Galletti, Federica Camela, Francesca De Rienzo, Stefano Martinelli, Luigi Corvaglia
Summary: This study aimed to determine whether the assessment of lung ultrasound score (LUS) and thoracic fluid contents (TFC) can predict the severity of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants. The results showed that LUS and TFC had good predictive ability for the need for mechanical ventilation and the development of BPD. Therefore, the combined evaluation of LUS and TFC by lung ultrasonography and electrical cardiometry may provide a useful predictive tool for short- and medium-term pulmonary outcomes in preterm infants with RDS.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
