Article
Plant Sciences
Greice Amaral Carneiro, Magdalena Walcher, Alberto Storti, Sanja Baric
Summary: Bull's eye rot, caused by Phlyctema vagabunda and Neofabraea species, is a significant postharvest disease of apples. This study investigated the diversity and biology of these pathogens in South Tyrol, Italy, which is the largest apple-producing region in Europe. The dominant species associated with bull's eye rot in this area was identified as P. vagabunda, while N. kienholzii was found only in a small number of samples. Genetic analysis revealed the presence of unique genotypes within these species. Pathogenicity tests demonstrated variations in virulence among different isolates. Accurate species identification is crucial for effective disease management.
Article
Agronomy
Syed Umair Shah, Majid S. Hashmi, Muhammad Rafiullah Khan, Ayaz Ahmad, Aysha Riaz, Yosef Al Shoffe, Said Wahab, Muhammad Ayub, Antonio Ippolito
Summary: The efficacy of combined short-term hypobaric treatment and chitosan coating on apple fruit quality, disease incidence and consumer acceptability was studied. Results showed that hypobaric treatment combined with 2% chitosan coating maintained firmness, sugar-acid ratio, and prevented rot development, and had better overall acceptability. This study is of significant importance for the postharvest treatment and economic losses of horticulture products.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Hinrich H. F. Holthusen, Roland W. S. Weber
Summary: Research in Northern Germany showed that a major share of postharvest losses of apple fruit is caused by preharvest infections by pathogenic fungi. Inoculation experiments revealed that both Neofabraea perennans and Phacidiopycnis washingtonensis produced increasing fruit rot levels with inoculation dates closer to harvest. For N. perennans, the duration of post-infection leaf wetness and the scab infection quotient were identified as the most significant factors affecting disease incidence.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Jelena Vukotic, Vera Stojsin, Nevena Nagl, Mladen Petres, Jovana Hrustic, Mita Grahovac, Brankica Tanovic
Summary: This study identified Neofabraea alba as the major causal agent of Bull's eye rot on stored apples in Serbia. Different isolates showed varying aggressiveness and morphological characteristics. The type of cultivation medium, pH, and temperature significantly affected the growth and characteristics of the isolates.
Article
Microbiology
Surapong Khuna, Jaturong Kumla, Tanapol Thitla, Wipornpan Nuangmek, Saisamorn Lumyong, Nakarin Suwannarach
Summary: This study identified two new pathogenic fungi, F. citrullicola and F. melonis, as causal agents of watermelon and muskmelon fruit rot, respectively, providing valuable information for the development of effective strategies for monitoring and preventing these diseases.
Review
Agronomy
Xin-Chi Shi, Su-Yan Wang, Xu-Chu Duan, Yao-Zhou Wang, Feng-Quan Liu, Pedro Laborda
Summary: Reviewing the biocontrol strategies for Colletotrichum species in postharvest fruits revealed high inhibitory activity and in some cases complete suppression of the disease, improving the efficacy of commercial biocontrol agents. While yeasts showed promising results, none have been commercialized for Colletotrichum management, highlighting a need for more research on yeast viability, toxicity, and storage conditions.
Article
Agronomy
Wenqi Li, Yanyan Jiang, Chunjiao Hu, Genan Liu, Yonggang Li, Shuang Wang
Summary: Fruit rot is a severe postharvest disease of pumpkin, and in 2022, a new case caused by Rhizopus oryzae was observed in Harbin, China. This is the first report of R. oryzae causing fruit rot in pumpkin in China, and it greatly affects the storage life of the fruits.
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Horticulture
Linyan Feng, Jian Sun, Yueming Jiang, Xuewu Duan
Summary: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an active role in plant defense, with hydroxyl radicals (center dot OH) being the most effective against the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in papaya fruit. Treatment with 20 or 30 mM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) shows the best control of disease symptoms and enhances the activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD). The activities of PPO and POD are negatively correlated with the disease index. Additionally, treatment with 20 mM H2O2 significantly reduces the incidence of decay in intact papaya fruit.
Article
Plant Sciences
Florent P. Trouillas, Renaud Travadon, Mohamed T. Nouri, Daniel P. Lawrence
Summary: Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of various fungicides in controlling Neofabraea leaf lesion of olive. The results showed that several fungicides were effective in reducing infection and limiting disease severity. Thiophanate-methyl, cyprodinil, difenoconazole + cyprodinil, and chlorothalonil provided the best disease control. In addition, difenoconazole + cyprodinil and ziram were found to be effective in reducing disease severity using different application strategies.
Article
Plant Sciences
Wipornpan Nuangmek, Jaturong Kumla, Surapong Khuna, Saisamorn Lumyong, Nakarin Suwannarach
Summary: Fruit rot caused by phytopathogenic fungi is a major disease affecting watermelons worldwide, resulting in economic losses. This study identified F. compactum and F. paranaense as the novel pathogens causing fruit rot in watermelons in Thailand and elsewhere. The isolates were characterized using morphological characteristics and multi-gene phylogenetic analyses.
Article
Horticulture
Tingfeng Shi, Tingtiao Pan, Meiting Guo
Summary: This study identified N. clavispora as the main fungus causing postharvest rot on R. sterilis fruit, and found that treating the infected fruits with MeJA and CaCl2 could partially control the disease, with additive effectiveness when used together.
Article
Plant Sciences
Elizabeth M. Clevinger, Ruslan Biyashev, Elizabeth Lerch-Olson, Haipeng Yu, Charles Quigley, Qijian Song, Anne E. Dorrance, Alison E. Robertson, M. A. Saghai Maroof
Summary: The study identified multiple quantitative disease resistance loci (QDRL) associated with resistance to four species of Pythium in soybean populations, including loci with large effects. These QDRL will contribute to the development of soybean cultivars with higher levels of resistance to these pathogens.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Chunwei Wang, Yan Wang, Lin Wang, Xinfeng Li, Meiqin Wang, Jianming Wang
Summary: The study revealed that Chinese cherry fruits stored under cold conditions in China are susceptible to Fusarium rot caused by species including F.equiseti, F. fujikuroi, F. lateritium, F.proliferatum, and F.acuminatum. Pathogenicity assays confirmed that these Fusarium species can infect healthy fruits and induce typical symptoms.
Article
Horticulture
Dedong Min, Zilong Li, Xiaodong Fu, Fujun Li, Xiaoan Li, Jinhua Zuo, Xinhua Zhang
Summary: The study found that MeJA treatment can enhance tomato fruit resistance against Botrytis cinerea by activating hormone and autophagy pathways, and further strengthen resistance by regulating oxidative stress metabolism.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Ivan Urrea, Nolberto Arismendi, Ximena Sepulveda, Macarena Gerding, Silvana Vero, Marisol Vargas
Summary: Phlyctema vagabunda is a major postharvest pathogen in late-harvest apples in Chile. The control of this pathogen is currently done through synthetic fungicides or copper-based compounds, but there are concerns about their residues. This study evaluated the use of propolis as an environmentally friendly and safe alternative for controlling P. vagabunda. The results showed that propolis significantly reduced the growth and germination of the pathogen in vitro and decreased the disease incidence and severity in apples in vivo.
Article
Mycology
P. W. Crous, J. Boers, D. Holdom, E. R. Osieck, T. Steinrucken, Y. P. Tan, J. S. Vitelli, R. G. Shivas, M. Barrett, A-G Boxshall, J. Broadbridge, E. Larsson, T. Lebel, U. Pinruan, S. Sommai, P. Alvarado, G. Bonito, C. A. Decock, S. De la Pena-Lastra, G. Delgado, J. Houbraken, J. G. Macia-Vicente, H. A. Raja, A. Rigueiro-Rodriguez, A. Rodriguez, M. J. Wingfield, S. J. Adams, A. Akulov, T. AL-Hidmi, V Antonin, S. Arauzo, F. Arenas, F. Armada, J. Aylward, J-M Bellanger, A. Berraf-Tebbal, A. Bidaud, F. Boccardo, J. Cabero, F. Calledda, G. Corriol, J. L. Crane, J. D. W. Dearnaley, B. Dima, F. Dovana, A. Eichmeier, F. Esteve-Raventos, M. Fine, L. Ganzert, D. Garcia, D. Torres-Garcia, J. Gene, A. Gutierrez, P. Iglesias, L. Istel, P. Jangsantear, G. M. Jansen, M. Jeppson, N. C. Karun, A. Karich, P. Khamsuntorn, K. Kokkonen, M. Kolarik, A. Kubatova, R. Labuda, A. C. Lagashetti, N. Lifshitz, C. Linde, M. Loizides, J. J. Luangsa-ard, P. Lueangjaroenkit, S. Mahadevakumar, A. E. Mahamedi, D. W. Malloch, S. Marincowitz, A. Mateos, P-A Moreau, A. N. Miller, A. Molia, A. Morte, A. Navarro-Rodenas, J. Nebesarova, E. Nigrone, B. R. Nuthan, N. H. Oberlies, A. L. Pepori, T. Rama, D. Rapley, K. Reschke, B. M. Robicheau, F. Roets, J. Roux, M. Saavedra, B. Sakolrak, A. Santini, H. Sevcikova, P. N. Singh, S. K. Singh, S. Somrithipol, M. Spetik, K. R. Sridhar, M. Starink-Willemse, V. A. Taylor, A. L. van Iperen, J. Vauras, A. K. Walker, B. D. Wingfield, O. Yarden, A. W. Cooke, A. G. Manners, K. G. Pegg, J. Z. Groenewald
Summary: This study describes novel species of fungi from various countries, including Australia, Canada, Czech Republic, France, India, Israel, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Thailand, Ukraine, and USA. The morphological and culture characteristics of these fungi are supported by DNA barcodes.
Article
Plant Sciences
Vladimir Antonin, Kentaro Hosaka, Miroslav Kolarik
Summary: Specimens of Marasmiellus mesosporus were studied morphologically and phylogenetically from various parts of the world. The results confirmed its identity with M. dunensis and M. arenaceus. Marasmiellus mesosporus is a fungus distributed widely in coastal sandy dunes and found in southeastern North America, Lesser and Greater Antilles, Pacific Islands, southern Europe, and South and East Asia. A new genus, Paramarasmius, is described based on the phylogenetic analysis of ITS and LSU rDNA sequences, with P. palmivorus and P. mesosporus as its type species. A new combination, Collybiopsis carneopallida, is also proposed.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Ondrej Stepanek, Adela Cmokova, Eliska Prochazkova, Valeria Grobarova, Jan Cerny, Martina Slapnickova, Alena Zikova, Miroslav Kolarik, Ondrej Baszczynski
Summary: This study aims to develop suitable linkers for enhancing the antifungal activity of ketoconazole. By introducing structural modifications to the ketoconazole molecule, its effectiveness against pathogenic fungi and trypanosomes can be improved.
Article
Mycology
Elna J. van der Linde, Kamila Pichova, Sylvie Pazoutova, Eva Stodulkova, Miroslav Flieger, Petr Novak, Miroslav Kolarik
Summary: This study surveyed the diversity of ergot in South Africa and identified 16 species, including 5 new species. The findings highlight Africa as a hotspot for ergot and suggest that co-speciation driven by host constraints plays a major role in its distribution in South Africa. Monitoring of ergot on invasive host grasses is crucial for understanding its invasive potential.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Martin Sigut, Petr Pyszko, Hana Sigutova, Denisa Visnovska, Martin Kostovcik, Nela Kotaskova, Ondrej Dornak, Miroslav Kolarik, Pavel Drozd
Summary: Although studies have focused more on bacteria, this study investigates the fungal microbiota present in the gut of caterpillars. By analyzing samples from multiple polyphagous caterpillar species, the study reveals that spatial variables influence the bacterial and fungal microbiota on leaves, but only affect fungi in the gut. The composition of bacteria is primarily shaped by the caterpillar species, while the leaf and gut microbiota differ significantly, with bacteria showing a more pronounced difference. The results also suggest that the similarity in microbiota between leaves and guts varies among caterpillar species.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Hana Sigutova, Martin Sigut, Petr Pyszko, Martin Kostovcik, Miroslav Kolarik, Pavel Drozd
Summary: In this study, temporal variations in the microbiomes of leaf-mining larvae and their host trees were investigated. The composition and richness of bacteria and fungi in leaves and larvae showed pronounced shifts as the season progressed. Seasonality and host taxonomy were identified as the most important factors shaping microbial communities.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Veronika Seidlova, Jiri Pikula, Miroslav Kolarik, Alena Novakova, Adela Cmokova, Astghik Ghazaryan, Monika Nemcova, Sarka Bednarikova, Sneha Patra, Tomasz Kokurewicz, Vladimir Piacek, Jan Zukal
Summary: The research aimed to compare the efficacy of culture approaches for obtaining viable P. destructans isolates. In total, 69 fungal and 65 bacterial skin swabs, as well as 51 wing membrane tissue biopsies, were collected and analyzed. The study concluded that culture based on wing membrane biopsies showed significantly higher efficacy in obtaining viable P. destructans culture isolates.
BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Miroslav Kolarik, Maria Vrublevskaya, Sona Kajzrova, Marketa Kulisova, Irena Jarosova Kolouchova
Summary: This study screened the fungal endophytes associated with Vitis vinifera leaves and canes in the Czech Republic and characterized the strains based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses. The researchers identified 16 species from seven orders belonging to Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. They found several poorly known plant-associated fungi, as well as species that are frequent on V. vinifera worldwide. The study provides new insights into the taxonomy, ecology, and geography of V. vinifera endophytes.
FOLIA MICROBIOLOGICA
(2023)
Review
Mycology
Miroslav Kolarik, Jiri Hulcr
Summary: Geosmithia species have been overshadowed by more frequently studied beetle associates, Ophiostomatales and Microascales. However, recent research has revealed that Geosmithia species are widely distributed and abundant in subcortical habitats and have varying degrees of symbiosis with their insect vectors. This article reviews the taxonomic history, species diversity, host ranges, and biogeography of Geosmithia and discusses its ecological roles in relation to insect vectors and host trees, phytopathogenicity, and biotechnology potential. An extensive review of primary data shows that bark beetle species predominantly vector either Geosmithia or ophiostomatoid fungi, depending on the tree substrate features. Coevolution between Geosmithia and beetle vectors has led to the formation of ambrosia lineages and reciprocal adaptations in the beetles. Knowledge gaps and suggestions for further research directions are also provided.
MYCOLOGICAL PROGRESS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Dariusz Karasinski, Laszlo G. Nagy, Janos Gergo Szarkandi, Daniel Dvorak, Miroslav Kolarik, Jan Holec
Summary: A new species of cyphelloid fungus, tentatively identified as a Henningsomyces or Rectipilus, was discovered in the Bialowieza virgin forest in Poland since 1962. After conducting morphological studies and phylogenetic analyses, the species was found to be previously unknown to science and was described as a new genus and species, Cyphelloporia bialoviesensis. The species is only found in the Bialowieza forest and has distinct morphological characteristics compared to similar Rectipilus and Henningsomyces species. Phylogenetic analyses revealed its family position within Phyllotopsidaceae.
Article
Microbiology
Tian Cheng, Tereza Veselska, Barbora Krizkova, Karel Svec, Vaclav Havlicek, Marc Stadler, Miroslav Kolarik
Summary: Spruce bark beetle Ips typographus can cause outbreaks and significant losses in the forest industry. Symbiotic microorganisms inhabiting the beetle's gut play a role in detoxification of plant secondary metabolites, plant cell wall degradation, and improvement of beetle's nutrition. Genome analysis of gut yeasts Kuraishia molischiana, Cryptococcus sp., Nakazawaea ambrosiae, Ogataea ramenticola, and Wickerhamomyces bisporus revealed diverse gene families related to detoxification processes and synthesis of essential nutrients.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Esteban Charria-Giron, Alberto Miguel Stchigel, Adela Cmokova, Miroslav Kolarik, Frank Surup, Yasmina Marin-Felix
Summary: During a study on soilborne fungi diversity in Spain, a new species belonging to the genus Amesia, named A. hispanica sp. nov., is identified. The investigation of its secondary metabolome led to the discovery of two new derivatives (2 and 3) of the known antifungal antibiotic dactylfungin A (1), along with the presence of cochliodinol (4).
Article
Plant Sciences
Tomas Vetrovsky, Zuzana Kolarikova, Clementine Lepinay, Sandra Awokunle Holla, John Davison, Anna Fleyberkova, Anastasiia Gromyko, Barbora Jelinkova, Miroslav Kolarik, Manuela Kruger, Renata Lejskova, Lenka Michalcikova, Tereza Michalova, Mari Moora, Andrea Moravcova, Stepanka Moulikova, Inaki Odriozola, Maarja Opik, Monika Pappova, Sarah Piche-Choquette, Jakub Skrivanek, Lukas Vlk, Martin Zobel, Petr Baldrian, Petr Kohout
Summary: This article introduces a newly developed global AM fungi database that aims to reduce the limited understanding of AM fungal biogeography. The database contains millions of observations of AM fungal DNA sequences with geographical locations and additional metadata from various studies. It is an open source initiative that compiles the most comprehensive atlas of AM fungal distribution.
Article
Microbiology
Tereza Veselska, Karel Svec, Martin Kostovcik, Ezequiel Peral-Aranega, Paula Garcia-Fraile, Barbora Krizkova, Vaclav Havlicek, Zaki Saati-Santamaria, Miroslav Kolarik
Summary: The European spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus, is a serious pest of spruce forests in Europe. We investigated the gut bacterial and fungal microbiomes of I. typographus throughout its life cycle and found that the composition of these communities changes across generations. The most abundant taxa in the beetle's gut are also dominant in intact spruce phloem, suggesting that they are acquired from the environment rather than specifically vectored between generations.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Petr Pyszko, Hana Sigutova, Miroslav Kolarik, Martin Kostovcik, Jan Sevcik, Martin Sigut, Denisa Visnovska, Pavel Drozd, Christina A. Cuomo, Shu Benshui, Rosario Nicoletti
Summary: Ambrosia gall midges harbor fungal symbionts in their galls, with larvae showing higher fungal richness and taxonomic diversity compared to gall surface and interior. Larval mycobiome composition is more species-specific, with certain fungal genera shared among species. The unique environment of ambrosia galls supports the growth of similar fungi within, regardless of the host plant species or phylogenetic distance between AGM tribes.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
