Article
Energy & Fuels
Ondrej Fercak, Juliaan Bossuyt, Naseem Ali, Raul Bayoan Cal
Summary: The interest and benefits of offshore wind energy have led to challenges in understanding the dynamics of wind-turbine wakes and their interaction with the atmospheric boundary layer and surface waves. This study uses experimental methods to establish a better understanding of these interactions, providing insights into offshore wind-energy dynamics.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Daniel Micallef, Abdolrahim Rezaeiha
Summary: Over the past decade, there has been a steady increase in scientific articles on rotor aerodynamics of offshore wind turbines, highlighting the critical role of aerodynamics in overcoming specific barriers in multi-physics systems. Current trends in research focus on the interaction between aerodynamics and other fields, such as platform hydrodynamics and control, with common approaches being coupled or uncoupled studies. The literature mainly addresses isolated floating turbines, while studies on interactions between floating turbines are limited.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Hugo Diaz, C. Guedes Soares
Summary: An approach is developed for planning the logistics and installation aspects of a floating wind farm, considering the complexity of the problem due to specific constraints in transportation and manufacturing. The planning tool is based on the analysis of different logistical solutions and aims to ensure the coherence between logistic methods and project performance. A case study is performed for the CENTEC TLP concept in Spanish and Irish waters, revealing the major aspects affecting design and logistics factors. The tool is applicable for the preliminary design of wind farms worldwide.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Gabriela Grasu, Pengfei Liu
Summary: Floating Offshore Wind has the potential to provide an effective solution for the increasing energy demand of coastal communities around the world if the specific risks associated with this novel technology are understood and evaluated.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Shiqi Liu, Zhenju Chuang, Kai Wang, Xin Li, Xin Chang, Lixun Hou
Summary: The full exploitation of offshore wind resources is essential for meeting the massive energy demand. This study investigates the effect of structural parameters on the hydrodynamic performance of a semi-submersible floating foundation for a 15 MW offshore wind turbine. The results show that optimizing the design can lead to improved dynamic performance and reduced costs.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Kamran Ali Shah, Fantai Meng, Ye Li, Ryozo Nagamune, Yarong Zhou, Zhengru Ren, Zhiyu Jiang
Summary: Over the past decade, offshore wind energy development has shifted towards deeper waters, leading to the use of floating offshore wind turbines instead of traditional bottom-fixed turbines. However, the high cost of floating offshore wind turbines can be attributed to the inadequate adaptation of system dynamics control methods, affecting performance and reliability. Various control methods are systematically analyzed, with emphasis on wind and wave forecasting, to improve power maximization, regulation, and load mitigation in floating offshore wind turbine systems.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Oceanography
Fatemeh Rezaei, Pasquale Contestabile, Diego Vicinanza, Arianna Azzellino
Summary: Renewable energy sectors, particularly offshore wind farms, have experienced rapid growth due to environmental concerns and increasing energy demand. However, the potential impacts of offshore wind farms on marine habitats have yet to be extensively validated through observations. This review focuses on the proven environmental impacts of offshore wind farms using post-construction environmental monitoring programs. The studies show little to no significant impacts on the marine environment during construction or operational phases, but further research is necessary to determine the consequences at the population level and the cumulative impacts on marine ecosystems.
OCEAN & COASTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Thiago S. Hallak, C. Guedes Soares, Oscar Sainz, Sergio Hernandez, Alfonso Arevalo
Summary: The WIND-bos spar Floating Offshore Wind Turbine has been studied experimentally and numerically, and the results have shown a good motion performance of the novel concept. The importance of damping calibration and the consideration of nonlinear damping force in the numerical model are highlighted.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jorick Tjaberings, Stefano Fazi, Evrim Ursavas
Summary: This paper presents a decision support tool for evaluating installation strategies of offshore wind turbine substructures. Through comparing different transportation and installation strategies, it is found that strategies involving a second installation vessel and those in which transportation and installation are combined result in the best installation time and cost efficiency. Additionally, the impact of addressing the most prominent bottlenecks and the start date on project performance is quantified.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Xiaosen Xu, Fang Wang, Oleg Gaidai, Arvid Naess, Yihan Xing, Junlei Wang
Summary: This study presents an efficient Monte Carlo based method to study bivariate extreme dynamic response statistics in the context of FOWT design. The ACER2D method enables accurate and efficient predictions of extreme return period contours, which can help optimize FOWT design values and reduce structural production costs.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Gayathry Rajiv, Mohit Verma, A. Subbulakshmi
Summary: This paper discusses the complexity of the dynamics of floating offshore wind turbines and proposes the use of Gaussian process metamodels for representing the hydrodynamics and structural dynamics of the floating platform. Three different Gaussian process metamodels are considered and compared in terms of evaluation indices, convergence, residuals and computational efficiency. The results show that all three Gaussian process metamodels are effective in emulating the response of the platform and can be used in situations where simple and computationally inexpensive models are required.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jianbing Chen, Zenghui Liu, Yupeng Song, Yongbo Peng, Jie Li
Summary: This paper presents a scaled model experiment of a spar-type floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) and proposes an optimal arrangement scheme for anemometers deployment to improve wind field measurement efficiency. Load case tests are conducted to capture the rigid-body motion of the FOWT model, tower deformation, and mooring tension. The experiment reveals the influence of the rotor on yaw and the dominance of aerodynamic loads and hydrodynamic loads on the trend and amplitude of structural rigid-body motion, respectively. The resonant response caused by doubling frequency coupling effects in the flexible tower is also significant. The experiment serves as a benchmark for the validation of numerical simulation tools for FOWTs.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Patrick Connolly, Curran Crawford
Summary: The research focuses on a new concept of un-moored floating offshore wind turbines (UFOWT) with bottom-mounted thrusters for station-keeping, showing significant power loss. Model predictions suggest that moving upwind or downwind can improve power generation efficiency, and optimal vessel speed and direction are highly sensitive to system design parameters.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Thanh-Dam Pham, Minh-Chau Dinh, Hak-Man Kim, Thai-Thanh Nguyen
Summary: Floating offshore wind has gained attention for its access to deep waters with great wind resources. This study introduces a simplified model for floating offshore wind turbines, showing its effectiveness for real-time simulation of large-scale wind farms. The validation results demonstrate the accuracy and feasibility of the proposed turbine models for large-scale offshore wind farms in real-time simulations.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jonas Bjerg Thomsen, Roger Bergua, Jason Jonkman, Amy Robertson, Nicole Mendoza, Cameron Brown, Christos Galinos, Henrik Stiesdal
Summary: This paper investigates new modeling approaches in the design of floating offshore wind turbines, using OrcaFlex and OpenFAST simulations, and conducts an initial code verification. The results show that the flexibility of the structure and motion are affected by the flexible model compared to the rigid-body model, and while OrcaFlex and OpenFAST generally agree, there are some differences in results due to different modeling approaches.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zhiyu Jiang, Yihan Xing
Summary: This paper proposes a method to adjust the individual pitch rate of each blade during an emergency shutdown of wind turbines, aiming to reduce the imbalanced aerodynamic loads on the rotor. Using a high-fidelity aeroelastic model, the effectiveness of the method is demonstrated in reducing bending moments at the main shaft and tower bottom.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Shuaishuai Wang, Torgeir Moan, Zhiyu Jiang
Summary: This study investigates the short-term fatigue damage of a 10-MW floating wind turbine drivetrain under various wind and wave conditions. The variability of mean wind speed, turbulence intensity, and wind shear has a significant impact on the drivetrain, while the effect of uncertainties related to irregular waves is relatively small. The main bearings of the drivetrain are found to be the most sensitive component to environmental variables. The study provides a basis for improved design standards and engineering practice for floating wind turbine drivetrains.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Guangtao Dong, Zhiyu Jiang, Ya Wang, Zhan Tian, Junguo Liu
Summary: Realistic representation of rainfall characteristics on local scales by state-of-the-art climate models remains a challenge. In this study, the convection-permitting WRF model was used to simulate sub-daily rainfall in the Yangtze River Delta Region of China. The results showed that the convection-permitting model accurately captured precipitation and described its intensity, duration, and coverage.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Mert Kaptan, Bjorn Skaare, Zhiyu Jiang, Muk Chen Ong
Summary: This paper analyzes the motion characteristics and dynamic properties of different types of floating offshore wind turbines, studying the impact of platform motions on crew comfort and work performance. Using hydrodynamic analysis and hindcast data from Norway and South Korea, it is found that both spar and semi-submersible floating wind concepts meet the limiting criteria for significant wave heights for crew transfers to FOWTs. This study contributes to a better understanding of FOWTs during maintenance phase.
Article
Engineering, Ocean
Wei Shi, Lixian Zhang, Madjid Karimirad, Constantine Michailides, Zhiyu Jiang, Xin Li
Summary: In this paper, fully coupled time-domain analysis is conducted to investigate the impact of second-order wave hydrodynamic loads combined with aerodynamic loads on the dynamic responses of three different semisubmersible floating offshore wind turbines (semi-FOWTs) under normal and extreme sea conditions. The simulation results show that the second-order hydrodynamic loads play a significant role in the motion and structural responses under extreme sea conditions, while the aerodynamic loads greatly affect the dynamic responses under normal operational conditions. The findings also suggest that water depth has a larger impact on the motion and force responses of the semi-FOWTs under extreme sea conditions.
APPLIED OCEAN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Ocean
Saravanan Bhaskaran, Amrit Shankar Verma, Shuai Yuan, Zhiyu Jiang, Karl Henning Halse
Summary: In this study, a numerical model of the offshore wind turbine blade mating process using a jack-up crane vessel is developed and compared with another tool. The results show a good agreement between the two tools in terms of modal analysis and time-domain analysis. Additionally, modeling guidelines are provided for industry practitioners.
JOURNAL OF OFFSHORE MECHANICS AND ARCTIC ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Ocean
Ting Liu, Karl H. Halse, Bernt J. Leira, Zhiyu Jiang
Summary: The offshore wind industry is facing challenges with increasing water depth at offshore sites. This paper investigates a novel installation concept for installing pre-assembled wind turbines. Two alternative installation vessels, a catamaran and a small water-plane area twin hull vessel (SWATH), equipped with a dynamic positioning (DP) system, are compared for installing 10-MW wind turbines. Through numerical analysis, the study demonstrates that the SWATH significantly reduces dynamic motions during the critical mating phase compared to the catamaran installation vessel. The findings of this study provide references for selecting alternative installation vessels and serve as a basis for further optimization.
APPLIED OCEAN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Patricia Vanova, Zhen Sun, Odin-Eliott Odinson, Zhiyu Jiang
Summary: Structural health monitoring is crucial for maintaining and extending the lifespan of bridges under complex loading conditions and damage scenarios. This study applies vibration-based methods to monitor the structural health of a Warren-type truss bridge. By obtaining natural frequencies and modal shapes through modal identification, and using a calibrated numerical model, damage scenarios are simulated to assess the dynamic responses of the bridge. The analysis shows that damaged members exhibit significant changes in accelerations, particularly in locations near their supports.
ENGINEERING FAILURE ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Ting Liu, Karl H. Halse, Bernt J. Leira, Zhiyu Jiang, Wei Chai, Hans-P. Brathaug, Hans P. Hildre
Summary: This study explores a new and efficient installation concept using the small water-plane area twin-hull vessel (SWATH) to install pre-assembled wind turbines (OWT) onto floating spar foundations. The hydrodynamic performance of the SWATH and the response analysis of the coupled SWATH-spar system are investigated. Experimental data is used to verify the numerically calculated wave force effect and damping forces of the SWATH. Modifications are made to meet the weight-carrying capacity and hydrostatic stability requirements, and a multibody numerical model for the SWATH-spar system is developed.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Zhengru Ren, Xingwei Zhen, Zhiyu Jiang, Zhen Gao, Ye Li, Wei Shi
Summary: This study proposes a novel approach for assembly and installation of single wind turbine blades. By introducing active tension control on the tugger lines, operations in higher sea states can be achieved, reducing waiting time and improving efficiency. The two-tugger-line configuration stabilizes the suspended blade during crane rotation and blade root-hub mating processes. A backstepping-like controller is designed to stabilize and track the blade. Sensitivity studies are conducted to evaluate the influence of tugger line inclinations and the impact of installed blades on the wind turbine.
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Amrit Shankar Verma, Jiquan Yan, Weifei Hu, Zhiyu Jiang, Wei Shi, Julie J. E. Teuwen
Summary: A comprehensive review is conducted to examine the impact loads on composite wind turbine blades. The review aims to identify different sources of impact threats, describe their qualitative and quantitative characteristics, and provide modeling guidelines using five different criteria. The paper serves as a baseline report for designing damage-tolerant blades and is of special interest to researchers in the field.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Tomas Lopez-Olocco, Guodong Liang, Antonio Medina-Manuel, Leandro Saavedra Ynocente, Zhiyu Jiang, Antonio Souto-Iglesias
Summary: Shared mooring can reduce the cost of future floating wind farms. Experimental tests were conducted to assess the effects of shared mooring on the response dynamics of floating wind turbines. Results showed that the shared mooring configuration increased the surge motion of the platform by 40% compared to the single spar FWT, but it remained within acceptable limits.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Zhiyu Jiang, Jian Dai, Simone Saettone, Glenn Tora, Zhao He, Musa Bashir, Antonio Souto-Iglesias
Summary: This paper proposes a novel floating solar photovoltaic (FPV) concept that can survive harsh environmental conditions with extreme wave heights above 10 m. The concept uses lightweight semi-submersible floats made of circular materials as individual modules, connected with ropes to form an FPV array. Model tests demonstrate the excellent motion performance of the concept under extreme wave conditions, with limited wave overtopping and no contact between adjacent modules. These findings provide valuable reference for developing reliable and cost-effective offshore FPV technologies.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Yipin Wang, Qi Lu, Tiancheng Yao, Taofeng Yin, Yongsheng Zhao, Zhaolong Han, Yuwang Xu, Zhiyu Jiang
Summary: This study investigates the influence of design parameters on the performance of a floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT), using a global sensitivity analysis framework. The results show that the natural periods of platform motions and wave conditions have a significant impact on the dynamic responses of the FOWT. Statistical analysis reveals that severe sea states and low natural periods of platform motions can increase the operation cycles of the blade pitch system by 20%. The proposed framework can be applied to other areas of FOWTs.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Ming Song, Zhiyu Jiang, Kun Liu, Yue Han, Renwei Liu
Summary: This paper investigates the dynamic response of a monopile-supported offshore wind turbine (OWT) in cold regions using the nonlinear finite element method. It addresses the interaction between OWT and ice impact, wind loads, and soil contact. Model test data is used to calibrate and verify the ice material model and simulation technique.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
M. Genovese, F. Piraino, P. Fragiacomo
Summary: This research proposes the concept of a hydrogen valley in southern Italy, where hydrogen is produced centrally and delivered via fuel cell hybrid trains to refueling stations, providing transportation services. The analysis from both technical and economic perspectives shows that the cost of hydrogen and energy efficiency reached competitive levels, and hydrogen rail transport offers significant benefits in terms of emissions reduction and economic gains compared to conventional diesel trains and fully electric trains.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Miaomiao Liu, Payam Nejat, Pinlu Cao, Carlos Jimenez-Bescos, John Kaiser Calautit
Summary: This article provides a critical review of the performance of windcatchers, pointing out the current research gaps and issues, and proposing directions for further investigation and market prospects.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Solomon Boadu, Ebenezer Otoo
Summary: Despite Africa's vast energy resources, including wind energy, the continent faces challenges in developing its wind energy industry. Northern African countries and South Africa currently dominate the wind energy sector in Africa. To uplift Africa's socio-economic status, strong political will, supportive policies, and institutional frameworks are needed to drive the development of wind energy and overcome existing challenges.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
E. K. Grubbs, S. M. Gruss, V. Z. Schull, M. J. Gosney, M. V. Mickelbart, S. Brouder, M. W. Gitau, P. Bermel, M. R. Tuinstra, R. Agrawal
Summary: As the global population grows, the demand for food, energy, and water will increase significantly. However, limited land availability and competition for solar resources pose challenges to resource generation technologies. In the United States, both agriculture and solar energy production have adopted densification schemes to improve yields and energy output per unit of land. This research proposes an Agrivoltaic food and energy coproduction architecture that optimizes power generation while maintaining crop productivity by implementing ideal anti-tracking during critical growth periods. This technology offers a viable pathway for widespread solar implementation throughout the contiguous United States.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Han Shao, Rui Henriques, Hugo Morais, Elisabetta Tedeschi
Summary: The integration of offshore wind energy into the electric grid provides opportunities in terms of environmental sustainability and cost efficiency, but poses challenges to power quality. This survey offers a deeper understanding of disturbance detection and classification tools, exploring root causes, disturbance locations, and algorithmic solutions. It highlights synchronized waveform measurement and discusses evaluation metrics for detection and classification algorithms. Additionally, a novel system-wide monitoring framework is proposed.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Eleni Davidson, Yair Schwartz, Joe Williams, Dejan Mumovic
Summary: A continued upward trend in global greenhouse gas emissions poses risks to global infrastructure and built assets. Maintaining high indoor environmental quality standards is a challenge for higher education institutions under future climates. Passive cooling mechanisms may be insufficient to tolerate predicted temperature increases. Different building typologies have varying energy demand projections.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Kexin Pang, Jian Zhou, Stamatis Tsianikas, David W. Coit, Yizhong Ma
Summary: This study proposes a new framework for long-term microgrid expansion planning, using deep reinforcement learning method to consider various uncertainties and constraints. The framework aims to enhance the effectiveness of microgrid expansion planning from the perspectives of economy, resilience, and greenhouse gas emission reduction.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jun Zhao, Kangyin Dong, Xiucheng Dong
Summary: The continuous growth of global electricity penetration has provided modern energy for alleviating energy poverty, but its impact on carbon neutrality has been overlooked. The research reveals that clean electricity from traditional fossil energy and renewable energy has a positive influence on the greenhouse effect. Eradicating energy poverty can effectively alleviate the greenhouse effect, especially in non-Belt and Road Initiative (B&RI) nations.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Hossein Shahbeik, Hamed Kazemi Shariat Panahi, Mona Dehhaghi, Gilles J. Guillemin, Alireza Fallahi, Homa Hosseinzadeh-Bandbafha, Hamid Amiri, Mohammad Rehan, Deepak Raikwar, Hannes Latine, Bruno Pandalone, Benyamin Khoshnevisan, Christian Sonne, Luigi Vaccaro, Abdul-Sattar Nizami, Vijai Kumar Gupta, Su Shiung Lam, Junting Pan, Rafael Luque, Bert Sels, Wanxi Peng, Meisam Tabatabaei, Mortaza Aghbashlo
Summary: This review explores the production of biocrude oil from biomass feedstocks through the process of hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL). It discusses the impact of process parameters on the quality, quantity, cost, and environmental impacts of biofuels. The review also highlights the challenges and prospects for the future development of biocrude oil.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Meysam Majidi Nezhad, Mehdi Neshat, Georgios Sylaios, Davide Astiaso Garcia
Summary: Digital twins promise innovation for the marine renewable energy sector by using modern technological advances and the existing maritime knowledge frameworks. This research presents critical aspects of digital twin implementation challenges in marine energy digitalization approaches that use and combine data systems.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yeganeh Sharifian, Hamdi Abdi
Summary: This paper discusses the background and objectives of the multi-area economic dispatch problem, as well as various techniques and methods applied in this field. It also covers comprehensive formulations of the problem and important issues in the field of probabilistic MAED, along with some related concepts and suggestions.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
J. G. B. Churchill, V. B. Borugadda, A. K. Dalai
Summary: The increasing global energy demand and the need to reduce fossil fuel reliance have created a demand for renewable and sustainable fuel sources. This review explores the potential of tall oil, a by-product of the pulping industry, as a feedstock for biofuels. The review provides an overview of tall oil production, purification, and treatment, and investigates recent trends and barriers towards tall oil-derived biofuels.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
David C. Broadstock, Xiangnan Wang
Summary: This study provides a general review of research on district cooling, identifying key topics and themes and highlighting potential research priorities for future studies.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
L. Scharnhorst, D. Sloot, N. Lehmann, A. Ardone, W. Fichtner
Summary: This study investigates and analyzes the barriers to demand response in industrial and commercial sectors, highlighting their significance. Concerns about diminished product quality, disruptions to production processes, human resource management, and revenue uncertainty are identified as the most frequently cited barriers. Overcoming these barriers requires bridging knowledge gaps, allocating sufficient resources, and adapting external incentives and policies.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Tong Feng, Yuechi Sun, Yating Shi, Jie Ma, Chunmei Feng, Zhenni Chen
Summary: Air pollution is a significant global challenge, and policymakers have implemented policies to reduce it. Evaluating the effectiveness of these policies is critical, and our study reveals trends and gaps in air pollution policy research. We found that research has shifted from focusing solely on air pollutants to including methodologies, policies, and health implications. China has emerged as a major contributor in this field of research.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
