Article
Ophthalmology
Rohan Bir Singh, Lingjia Liu, Ann Yung, Sonia Anchouche, Sharad K. Mittal, Tomas Blanco, Thomas H. Dohlman, Jia Yin, Reza Dana
Summary: Conjunctival hyperemia is a common reason for medical visits, with limited treatment options currently available; as our understanding of the immunopathological pathways behind this condition grows, new therapeutic targets and animal models have been discovered, leading to the development of more effective treatments with minimal adverse effects.
Article
Immunology
Jose Carlos Zarzuela, Roberto Reinoso, Alicia Armentia, Amalia Enriquez-de-Salamanca, Alfredo Corell
Summary: Conjunctival intraepithelial lymphocytes, tear soluble molecules, and commensal microbiota play important roles in ocular mucosal immune response. This study analyzed the cellular and microbial populations of the conjunctiva and tear fluid to identify biomarkers for allergic conjunctivitis. The results showed distinct differences between perennial and seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, including changes in lymphocyte populations and cytokine levels.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Ophthalmology
Kofi Asiedu, Arun Krishnan, Natalie Kwai, Ann Poynten, Maria Markoulli
Summary: The conjunctival microcirculation is a complex network of micro vessels that can provide information about overall conjunctival health and ocular/systemic diseases. Various algorithms including functional slit-lamp biomicroscopy, laser doppler flowmetry, optical coherence tomography angiography, and computer-assisted microscopy have been used to measure conjunctival hemodynamics. These measurements have shown a relationship between conjunctival microcirculation and diseases such as dry eye disease, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, hypertension, sepsis, coronary microvascular disease, and sickle cell anemia.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPTOMETRY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Emine Ciloglu, Nese Cetin Dogan, Emre Ozdemir, Hatice Kaya, Pelin Duru Cetinkaya
Summary: The study found that SARS-CoV-2 may be present in conjunctival secretions of some suspected COVID-19 patients, especially those in the intensive care unit. However, even with conjunctivitis symptoms, the virus may not be detected in most conjunctival swab samples of COVID-19 patients.
OCULAR IMMUNOLOGY AND INFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nico Curti, Enrico Giampieri, Fabio Guaraldi, Federico Bernabei, Laura Cercenelli, Gastone Castellani, Piera Versura, Emanuela Marcelli
Summary: The study aimed to improve the objectivity of conjunctival redness assessment through fully automated analysis and prediction of hyperemia. A neural network model for image segmentation and vessel network segmentation was established, with extracted features used for conjunctival redness prediction.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Beatrice Gallo, Caroline Thaung, Gordon Hay, Amit K. Arora, Victoria Ml Cohen, Bertil Damato, Mandeep S. Sagoo
Summary: This study reported four cases of conjunctival melanoma masquerading as ocular surface squamous neoplasia, highlighting the clinical resemblance between conjunctival melanoma and ocular surface squamous neoplasia and the importance of confirming clinical impressions histopathologically.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Xin Li, Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan, Kenneth Kai-Wang Li, Eugene Yuk-Keung Tso, Cyril Chik-Yan Yip, Siddharth Sridhar, Tom Wai-Hin Chung, Kelvin Hei-Yeung Chiu, Derek Ling-Lung Hung, Alan Ka-Lun Wu, Sandy Ka-Yee Chau, Raymond Liu, Kwok-Cheung Lung, Anthony Raymond Tam, Vincent Chi-Chung Cheng, Kelvin Kai-Wang To, Kwok-Hung Chan, Ivan Fan-Ngai Hung, Kwok-Yung Yuen
Summary: The study showed that a minority of COVID-19 patients without ocular symptoms may have relatively low levels of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in their conjunctival secretions, but their infectiousness remains undetermined. Proper infection control measures should be taken during ophthalmological assessments to prevent potential nosocomial transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
Article
Ophthalmology
Samantha N. Lopez, Jennifer Cao, Sylvia Casas de Leon, Arturo R. Dominguez
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the positivity rate of immunofluorescence studies in buccal biopsies in patients with cicatrizing conjunctivitis undergoing workup for ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP)/ocular cicatricial pemphigoid (OCP), and found that positivity may occur even in the absence of extraocular disease. Buccal mucosal biopsy could be a valuable alternative to or attempted before conjunctival biopsy, especially for patients in whom conjunctival biopsy may be difficult or visually threatening.
Article
Microbiology
Zhangling Chen, Zhaoyu Xiang, Lipu Cui, Xinran Qin, Shuli Chen, Huiyi Jin, Haidong Zou
Summary: The composition of microbial communities on the ocular surface differs when using tear test paper and conjunctival swabs as sampling methods. Therefore, tear test paper cannot fully replace conjunctival swabs for studying microbes related to ocular surface diseases.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Miriam B. Barshak, Caitlin M. Dugdale, Roberto Pineda
Summary: A 31-year-old man sought medical attention for redness and pain in his right eye. He had been diagnosed with chickenpox and was taking tecovirimat. A diagnosis was reached.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Nisha Patel, Stella Duong, Parisa Mirbod, Jie Xu, Bruce I. I. Gaynes
Summary: This study analyzed the influencing factors of conjunctival hemorheology and found that there is variation in Vax among healthy subjects, while a high degree of statistical heterogeneity was observed when comparing Vax between healthy and disease state patients.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Giuseppe Giannaccare, Marco Pellegrini, Federico Bernabei, Carlotta Senni, Maria Aloi, Giovanna Carnovale Scalzo, Domenico Ceravolo, Claudio Iovino, Vincenzo Scorcia
Summary: Ocular redness scores were significantly higher in glaucoma patients compared to controls. The number of active principles and the use of prostaglandin analogs, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, and alpha-adrenergic agonists were associated with higher redness scores. Specifically, tafluprost and latanoprost were found to be associated with lower redness scores compared to travoprost and bimatoprost 0.01%.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Tatiana Suarez-Cortes, Nerea Merino-Inda, Jose M. Benitez-Del-Castillo
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive updated revision of the most relevant biomarkers for dry eye and ocular allergy, emphasizing quantitative analyses and correlations with clinical parameter data. Common biomarkers for ocular surface diseases reflect important physiological processes, including interleukin proteins related to inflammatory mechanisms and changes in mucin levels in the tear film mucous layer.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Gareth Lingham, Jason Kugelman, Jason Charng, Samantha S. Y. Lee, Seyhan Yazar, Charlotte M. McKnight, Minas T. Coroneo, Robyn M. Lucas, Holly Brown, Louis J. Stevenson, David A. Mackey, David Alonso-Caneiro
Summary: This study used a deep learning-based tool to assess the change in conjunctival ultraviolet autofluorescence (CUVAF) area in young adults over an 8-year period and found that wearing sunglasses was associated with a faster reduction in CUVAF area. The results of this study are important for understanding the damage caused by ultraviolet radiation exposure to the eyes.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Lauren A. Dalvin, Antonio Yaghy, Sarangdev Vaidya, Richard R. Pacheco, Alejandro L. Perez, Sara E. Lally, Jerry A. Shields, Carol L. Shields
Summary: Based on a retrospective review, older patients with conjunctival melanoma tend to have more extensive disease, leading to an increased risk of visual acuity loss and local tumor recurrence.
Review
Ophthalmology
Aniruddha Agarwal, Rohan Bir Singh, Roel J. Erckens, Tos T. J. M. Berendschot, Carroll A. B. Webers
Summary: This systematic review aims to identify the techniques used for quantifying CC flow in eyes with uveitis using OCTA and report their reliability and correlation with other techniques. Thirteen studies were included, showing that CC vessel density and flow deficit area were the most commonly used indices. However, due to significant heterogeneity among the studies, standardized acquisition and analysis protocols are needed.
OCULAR IMMUNOLOGY AND INFLAMMATION
(2023)
Review
Ophthalmology
Rohan Bir Singh, Tatiana Perepelkina, Ilaria Testi, Benjamin K. Young, Tuba Mirza, Alessandro Invernizzi, Jyotirmay Biswas, Aniruddha Agarwal
Summary: Advancements in imaging techniques have greatly improved the assessment of choriocapillaris and its role in health and disease.
SEMINARS IN OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Rohan Bir Singh, Uday Pratap Singh Parmar, Parul Ichhpujani, Bennie H. Jeng, Vishal Jhanji
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the cases of herpes simplex and zoster ophthalmicus following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and examine the clinical presentations in patients. A retrospective analysis of cases reported to the CDC Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) was conducted. The findings suggest that HZO and HSO occur rarely after vaccination, and further investigations are needed to understand the underlying immunological mechanisms.
Article
Immunology
Tomas Blanco, Rohan Bir Singh, Hayate Nakagawa, Yukako Taketani, Thomas H. Dohlman, Yihe Chen, Sunil K. Chauhan, Jia Yin, Reza Dana
Summary: This study assesses the role of CD103+DC1 in suppressing Th1 alloreactivity in transplanted corneal allografts and finds that CD103+DC1 plays a critical role in regulating host alloimmune responses.
MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Ophthalmology
Aniruddha Agarwal, Francesco Pichi, Alessandro Invernizzi, Dilraj S. Grewal, Rohan Bir Singh, Awaneesh Upadhyay
Summary: An array of imaging modalities can comprehensively evaluate the immunopathological changes in the retina and choroid, which is crucial for diagnosing and managing inflammatory disorders like uveitis.
SURVEY OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Ophthalmology
Sana Qureshi, Thomas H. Dohlman
Summary: The study evaluated the indications and transplant survival rates of corneal transplantation (PK) worldwide by geographic region, and found differences in indications and graft survival rates among different regions.
SEMINARS IN OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Shima Gholizadeh, Xi Chen, Ann Yung, Amirreza Naderi, Mahsa Ghovvati, Yangcheng Liu, Ashkan Farzad, Azadeh Mostafavi, Reza Dana, Nasim Annabi
Summary: In this study, an optimized formulation of a photocrosslinkable adhesive patch called GelPatch was developed for repairing ocular tissue injuries. The formulation was determined through a multifactorial definitive screening design analysis and a predictive model was generated to identify the correlations between the factors impacting critical response parameters.
BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Ophthalmology
Tanu Singh, Parul Ichhpujani, Rohan Bir Singh, Sudesh Arya, Suresh Kumar
Summary: This study compared the outcomes of ultra-thin Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (UT-DSAEK) with Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK). It found that DMEK resulted in better visual outcomes, while UT-DSAEK had fewer complications and comparable post-operative endothelial cell counts. Therefore, UT-DSAEK may be a viable alternative for treating corneal endothelial diseases.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Ophthalmology
Rohan Bir Singh, Sachi Singhal, Shruti Sinha, Junsang Cho, Anne Xuan-Lan Nguyen, Lovedeep Singh Dhingra, Snimarjot Kaur, Vasudha Sharma, Aniruddha Agarwal
Summary: Plasma cell dyscrasias are a wide range of severe monoclonal gammopathies caused by over-secretion of abnormal monoclonal antibodies from pre-malignant or malignant plasma cells. This review examines ocular complications associated with various types of plasma cell dyscrasias. Wide-ranging ocular presentations have been identified in both the anterior and posterior segments of the eye, and early diagnosis can be facilitated by recognizing the presenting symptoms. It is important for ophthalmologists and oncologists to maintain a high clinical suspicion and promptly diagnose these ocular signs to prevent disease progression.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sarah Atta, Rohan Bir Singh, Keerthana Samanthapudi, Chandrashan Perera, Mahmoud Omar, Shannon Nayyar, Regis P. Kowalski, Vishal Jhanji
Summary: This retrospective case series evaluated the clinical history and presentation of culture and PCR-negative infectious keratitis cases. Out of 121 cases included, the most common presumed etiology at presentation was viral (38.01%) followed by bacterial (27.27%) and fungal (8.26%). Risk factors included ocular surface diseases and contact lens use. The visual outcomes were generally favorable, but a history of ocular surface disease and poor contact lens hygiene were associated with worse outcomes.
Review
Ophthalmology
Uday Pratap Singh Parmar, Parul Ichhpujani, Rutvi Chahal, Rohan Bir Singh
Summary: This study aims to objectively evaluate the quality of Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation videos on open access, video-based social media platforms. A total of 119 videos were evaluated and assessed using multiple scoring systems. The results showed a range of video quality from good to excellent.
INTERNATIONAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Ophthalmology
Rohan Bir Singh, Uday Pratap Singh Parmar, Francesca Kahale, Aniruddha Agarwal, Edmund Tsui
Review
Ophthalmology
Parul Ichhpujani, Rohan Bir Singh, Hennaav Kaur Dhillon, Suresh Kumar
Summary: COVID-19 infection can present with various symptoms, including ocular manifestations, which may be the first and only sign in children. Pediatricians and ophthalmologists should closely monitor the ophthalmic signs in children with COVID-19.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Tomas Blanco, Aytan Musayeva, Rohan Bir Singh, Hayate Nakagawa, Seokjoo Lee, Hamid Alemi, Bruno Gonzalez-Nolasco, Gustavo Ortiz, Shudan Wang, Francesca Kahale, Thomas H. Dohlman, Yihe Chen, Reza Dana
Summary: The study found that diabetes in the donor can affect the functional phenotype of corneal antigen-presenting cells (APCs), thereby increasing the risk of graft failure. Insulin treatment can improve the immune characteristics of the donor and increase the survival rate of the graft.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Parul Ichhpujani, Ann Maria Rodrigues, Suresh Kumar, Rohan Bir Singh
Summary: The objective of this study was to assess the ability of the Internet-based SPARCS method to measure the change in contrast sensitivity (both central and peripheral) after treatment with travoprost. The results showed that both central and peripheral contrast sensitivity improved following treatment with travoprost, and the change in contrast sensitivity was significantly correlated with RNFL thickness and perimetric indices.
INTERNATIONAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
