Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mojca Vilfan, Borut Lampret, Ziga Gregorin, Luka Cmok, Andrej Vilfan, Juergen Klepp, Joachim Kohlbrecher, Patricija Hribar Bostjancic, Darja Lisjak, Alenka Mertelj
Summary: The authors report on the experimental observation of spontaneous stripe formation in a ferromagnetic ferrofluid in the presence of an oscillating external magnetic field. The striped structure is identified as elongated magnetic domains, which exhibit reorientation upon reversal of the magnetic field. The stripes are oriented perpendicular to the magnetic field and are separated by alternating flow lanes.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jiahao Pan, Xiaoyao Wang, Jinjin Zhang, Qin Zhang, Qiangbin Wang, Chao Zhou
Summary: By assembling helical plasmonic nanorods with intrinsic chirality, we have created plasmonic metamolecules with both chiral coupling and intrinsic chiroptical responses. These metamolecules offer more dimensions for tailoring chiroptical responses and make it more flexible to design plasmonic nanodevices with custom PCD.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jiahao Pan, Xiaoyao Wang, Jinjin Zhang, Qin Zhang, Qiangbin Wang, Chao Zhou
Summary: Significant chiroptical responses can be achieved by chiral coupling of achiral plasmonic nanoparticles or from intrinsic chirality of plasmonic nanoparticles. This study demonstrates the creation of dimeric plasmonic metamolecules with both chiral coupling and intrinsic chiroptical responses. These metamolecules provide more versatility in tailoring chiroptical responses and designing plasmonic nanodevices with custom plasmonic circular dichroism (PCD).
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Miao-Miao Zhang, Kai-Kai Gao, Xi-Yan Dong, Yubing Si, Teng Jia, Zhen Han, Shuang-Quan Zang, Thomas C. W. Mak
Summary: Researchers have reported an enantiomeric pair of hydride copper clusters made using designed chiral ligands and successfully manipulated the clusters to achieve their reconstruction and metal substitution. These chiral clusters exhibited excellent optical properties and high luminescence efficiency, holding great promise for advancements in the field of optoelectronics.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Riccardo Ciola, Kitinan Pongsangangan, Ronny Thomale, Lars Fritz
Summary: Research on kagome metals reveals the possibility of chiral symmetry breaking, with a dimerization pattern identified as the leading instability causing excitation gap opening at the Dirac point and breaking chiral symmetry. Through a lattice model analysis, the critical coupling strength and ordering pattern were determined, shedding light on the unique characteristics of kagome metals.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yang Li, James P. Vary
Summary: We propose an analytically solvable 3D light-front Hamiltonian model that extends light-front holography by incorporating finite mass quarks and a longitudinal confinement term. This model is believed to be a suitable improved analytic approximation to low-resolution scale QCD. It maintains desired Lorentz symmetries and shows improved agreement with experimental mass spectroscopy and other properties of light mesons. Notably, the model also respects chiral symmetry and the Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner relation.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Penghong Ci, Yuzhou Zhao, Muhua Sun, Yoonsoo Rho, Yabin Chen, Costas P. Grigoropoulos, Song Jin, Xiaoguang Li, Junqiao Wu
Summary: The twisted stacking of van der Waals materials with moire superlattices allows for the engineering of their physical properties by manipulating crystal symmetry. This study reports the breaking of threefold rotational symmetry in supertwisted WS2 spirals on non-Euclidean surfaces using polarization-resolved second harmonic generation microscopy. The symmetry breaking is attributed to a geometrical magnifying effect caused by small relative strain between adjacent twisted layers.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wei Shao, Qianqian Pan, Qiaoli Chen, Chongzhi Zhu, Weijian Tao, Haiming Zhu, Huijun Song, Xuelu Liu, Ping-Heng Tan, Guan Sheng, Tulai Sun, Xiaonian Li, Yihan Zhu
Summary: Metallic nanocrystals show potential for applications in plasmon-enhanced photocatalysis and solar energy harvesting, and a cooperative deposition strategy can enhance their activity and efficiency.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dorota Grzelak, Martyna Tupikowska, David Vila-Liarte, Dominik Beutel, Maciej Baginski, Sylwia Parzyszek, Monika Gora, Carsten Rockstuhl, Luis M. Liz-Marzan, Wiktor Lewandowski
Summary: This study reports a method to prepare PCD thin films by melting and freezing a mixture of liquid crystal solution, chiral dopant, and gold nanoparticles, and demonstrates the fabrication of stretchable PCD films using a thermal nanoimprinting method. The PCD wavelengths can be tuned by varying the geometry of the Au NPs.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Reinhard Alkofer
Summary: Dynamical chiral symmetry breaking (D & chi;SB) is an important concept in understanding hadron physics, particularly the generation of constituent quark masses. However, when considering higher n-point functions, the role of the quark-gluon vertex becomes more complex, as it both signals and drives D & chi;SB. Recent results suggest that D & chi;SB in QCD is located close to the critical point, making it a delicate effect.
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Aoi Hara, Sotaro Kusumoto, Yoshihiro Sekine, Jack Harrowfield, Yang Kim, Shinya Hayami, Masaaki Nakamura
Summary: The Mn(iii) complexes with achiral ligands were found to crystallize as chiral conglomerates exhibiting weak ferromagnetism. Symmetry breaking in the bulk products was observed, with the dominant enantiomer species depending on the substituent X.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Matteo Giordano
Summary: The presence of a finite density of near-zero localized Dirac modes in the chirally broken phase of a gauge theory can lead to the disappearance of the massless excitations predicted by the Goldstone theorem at finite temperature.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hao Wu, John Nance, Seyed Armin Razavi, David Lujan, Bingqian Dai, Yuxiang Liu, Haoran He, Baoshan Cui, Di Wu, Kin Wong, Kemal Sobotkiewich, Xiaoqin Li, Gregory P. Carman, Kang L. Wang
Summary: The study demonstrates that breaking chiral symmetry with anti-symmetric DMI can induce deterministic SOT switching. By introducing gradients of saturation magnetization or magnetic anisotropy, non-collinear dynamic spin textures are formed, breaking their chiral symmetry and enabling deterministic magnetization switching.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Beatriz Castillo Lopez de Larrinzar, Chushuang Xiang, Edson Rafael Cardozo de Oliveira, Norberto Daniel Lanzillotti-Kimura, Antonio Garcia-Martin
Summary: The possibility of creating and manipulating nanostructured materials has led to the exploration of new strategies to control electromagnetic properties. A simple structure based on crossed elongated bars is presented, where the dominating cross-section absorption or scattering is defined by left-handedness or right-handedness, with a 200% difference from its counterpart. This chiral system opens up possibilities for enhanced coherent phonon excitation and detection.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Y. M. P. Gomes, Rudnei O. Ramos
Summary: This study analyzes chiral symmetry breaking in a planar four-fermion model with non-null chemical potential, temperature, and the tilt of the Dirac cone. It utilizes a (2 + 1) dimensional Gross-Neveu-like interaction model in the context of the generalized Weyl Hamiltonian, studying the system's phase structure in mean-field and large-N approximations. Possible applications of the results in areas like graphene are discussed, as well as the effect of an external magnetic field on the system, which can lead to the anomalous Hall effect.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stefania Porcu, Francesco Secci, Pier Carlo Ricci
Summary: Heterogeneous photocatalysts have gained significant attention as a sustainable technology for environmental remediation and energy storage processes. The use of solar radiation for photocatalysis can reduce energy demand and mitigate the impact of anthropogenic pollutants. However, the development of new photocatalysts with high efficiency in the visible range is necessary. Hybrid organic/inorganic photocatalysts have emerged as promising materials to improve visible photocatalytic efficiency. This review discusses the state-of-the-art and developments of hybrid photocatalysts for energy storage, energy conversion, pollutant degradation, and water treatment applications.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
F. A. Pisu, M. Marceddu, P. C. Ricci, C. Melis, S. Porcu, C. M. Carbonaro, D. Chiriu
Summary: In this study, Transient Absorption (TA) spectroscopy was used to investigate the darkening process of Red Vermilion pigment. Changes in optical properties before and after UV exposure were studied in pure HgS and chlorine doped HgS samples. The study revealed the role of defects and energy band gap reduction in the pigment degradation process.
JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Davide Moi, Maria Chiara Cabua, Viktoria Velichko, Andrea Cocco, Annalisa Chiappone, Rita Mocci, Stefania Porcu, Monica Piras, Stefano Bianco, Fabio Pesciaioli, Francesco Secci
Summary: A straightforward continuous-flow method for the synthesis of cyclopropyl carbaldehydes and ketones has been developed using 2-hydroxycyclobutanones and aryl thiols. Under mild conditions, multigram quantities of cyclopropyl adducts can be easily obtained with the aid of acid-catalysis and reusable Amberlyst-35 as a catalyst. The physical-chemical properties of the packed bed and the continuous-flow system were characterized in detail through various analyses.
Article
Polymer Science
Annalisa Chiappone, Alessandro Pedico, Stefania Porcu, Candido Fabrizio Pirri, Andrea Lamberti, Ignazio Roppolo
Summary: The study focuses on the fabrication of porous organic polymers using photocurable ink and 3D printing technology. The printed structures exhibit high printing precision and shape fidelity, and can be used as filters for CO2 absorption. The surface modification with NaOH nanoparticles improves the absorption efficiency.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chiara Olla, Pier Carlo Ricci, Daniele Chiriu, Marzia Fantauzzi, Maria Francesca Casula, Francesca Mocci, Antonio Cappai, Stefania Porcu, Luigi Stagi, Carlo Maria Carbonaro
Summary: This study investigates the fluorescence features of citric acid and urea-based Carbon Dots (CDs) synthesized within silica matrices. The hybrids show a broader green emission compared to CDs dispersed in water, and UV and blue laser irradiation can enhance the green emission. The synthesis in different silica matrices affects the composition of CDs, resulting in larger content of graphitic N and imidic groups. The porous silica matrix also plays a role in the photo-assisted formation process of the hybrids.
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Franca C. Ugbo, Stefania Porcu, Riccardo Corpino, Andrea Pinna, Carlo Maria Carbonaro, Daniele Chiriu, Philippe F. Smet, Pier Carlo Ricci
Summary: Recent developments in lighting and display technologies have increased the focus on materials and phosphors with high efficiency and eco-friendliness. Mechanoluminescence (ML) is a promising technology in pressure sensors and displays. CaZnOS has been identified as an efficient ML material with potential applications as a stress sensor. This study optimized the mechanoluminescent properties of CaZnOS:Tb through microwave-assisted synthesis, and the results showed that materials synthesized through microwave methods exhibit similar optical and mechanoluminescent properties.
Article
Polymer Science
Stefania Porcu, Stefania Maloccu, Angela Corona, Moulika Hazra, Tullia Carla David, Daniele Chiriu, Carlo Maria Carbonaro, Enzo Tramontano, Pier Carlo Ricci
Summary: It is well known that viruses cannot replicate on their own but only inside the cells of target tissues, causing cell destruction or transformation into cancer cells. Recently, it has been found that the Phenyl carbon nitride/TiO2 heterojunction photocatalyst can effectively degrade the flu virus. The hybrid photocatalyst, activated by white light, demonstrates its ability to safely and efficiently inactivate the virus in the visible light range, highlighting its advantages over traditional inorganic photocatalysts.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chiara Olla, Antonio Cappai, Stefania Porcu, Luigi Stagi, Marzia Fantauzzi, Maria Francesca Casula, Francesca Mocci, Riccardo Corpino, Daniele Chiriu, Pier Carlo Ricci, Carlo Maria Carbonaro
Summary: This study investigates the differences between bare carbon dots (CDs) and nitrogen-doped CDs synthesized from citric acid as a precursor, aiming to understand the mechanisms of emission and the role of the doping atoms in shaping the optical properties. It is found that nitrogen doping causes a decrease in the relative content of O-containing functional groups and the formation of N-related molecular and surface centers that enhance the quantum yield of the material.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Chen Zhu, Edward C. Kinzel
Summary: Microsphere photolithography (MPL) is a low-cost technique for large-scale fabrication of periodic structures. It utilizes photonic nanojets generated by microspheres in near proximity with collimated UV flood illumination. This paper explores the use of reusable microsphere masks and demonstrates the fabrication of infrared metasurfaces. The results show the potential of mask-based MPL for low-cost large-scale fabrication.
JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Damiano Angioni, Roberto Orru, Giacomo Cao, Sebastiano Garroni, Pier Carlo Ricci, Khachatur V. Manukyan
Summary: A processing route combining Solution Combustion Synthesis (SCS) and Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) was proposed for the fabrication of bulk nanostructured biphasic calcium phosphates. The apatite phase content was maximized using SCS with a fuel to oxidizer ratio of 1.1. After air-annealing at 700 degrees C/3 h, the powders consisted of carbonated apatite, α-TCP, and β-TCP. Sintering at 900 degrees C retained the original nanostructure, resulting in nearly 91% dense, apatite-rich, biphasic bioceramics with grain size around 100 nm.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Nicholas Capps, Jonathan Goldstein, Edward Kinzel
Summary: This paper investigates the Digital Glass Forming process for depositing single-mode optical fiber for waveguiding. The results show that as the fiber deforms to create a good contact with the substrate, the fiber core becomes elliptical, reducing the overall transmission through the fiber.
LASER APPLICATIONS IN MICROELECTRONIC AND OPTOELECTRONIC MANUFACTURING (LAMOM) XXVII
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Gergo P. Szakmany, Gary H. Bernstein, David Burghoff, Edward C. Kinzel, Alexei O. Orlov, Wolfgang Porod, David Strobel, Stephen M. White
Summary: Conventional thermal infrared detectors cannot capture spectral and polarization information, while thermoelectrically coupled nanoantennas can selectively detect infrared radiation with specific spectral, polarization, and angle-of-incidence properties.
TERAHERTZ, RF, MILLIMETER, AND SUBMILLIMETER-WAVE TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS XV
(2022)