Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ilana B. Kotliar, Emily Lorenzen, Jochen M. Schwenk, Debbie L. Hay, Thomas P. Sakmar
Summary: G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) interact with a variety of membrane proteins, but the extent and mechanisms of these interactions are not well understood. RAMPs, a class of GPCR-interacting proteins, have been extensively studied. Recent research suggests that GPCR-RAMP interactions may be more widespread than previously thought. This review summarizes the latest techniques for discovering GPCR-RAMP interactions and their functional consequences, and discusses future research prospects.
PHARMACOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Michael L. Garelja, Rebekah L. Bower, Margaret A. Brimble, Shanan Chand, Paul W. R. Harris, Muhammad Aqfan Jamaluddin, Jakeb Petersen, Andrew Siow, Christopher S. Walker, Debbie L. Hay
Summary: The pharmacology of the mouse CLR/CTR and RAMPs receptors differs from that of humans, with mouse receptors showing reduced discrimination between ligands, posing challenges for interpreting data in preclinical models and translating findings from mice to humans. New ligands are needed to differentiate between these complexes.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Suruchi Pacharne, Matthew Livesey, Mahita Kadmiel, Ning Wang, Kathleen M. Caron, Gareth O. Richards, Tim M. Skerry
Summary: A study on the effects of Ramp3 deletion on skeletal growth, bone mass, and response of bone to mechanical loading revealed that Ramp3(-/-) mice exhibited a high bone mass phenotype and increased response to mechanical loading, possibly due to altered signaling pathways. Manipulation of the Ramp3 signaling system could potentially provide therapeutic anabolic effects.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chiara M. A. Cefalo, Teresa Mezza, Andrea Giaccari, Rohit N. Kulkarni
Summary: This study compared four methods for RNA extraction and found that the RNeasy MicroKit + Carrier (Qiagen) method provided the highest yield and purity.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Michael L. Garelja, Tyla I. Alexander, Amy Bennie, Mhairi Nimick, Jakeb Petersen, Christopher S. Walker, Debbie L. Hay
Summary: This study demonstrates that erenumab can antagonize both CGRP and AMY(1) receptors, providing insights into the clinical profile of erenumab.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aruni Chathurya Pulukkody, Yeni P. Yung, Fabrizio Donnarumma, Kermit K. Murray, Ross P. Carlson, Luke Hanley
Summary: The study using LAST technology combined with proteomics revealed differential protein abundances between oxic and anoxic regions in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms, showing a more active metabolism in the anoxic zone. Cellular adaptations to chemical gradients in the biofilm include glucose catabolizing proteins, high abundance of proteins from arginine and polyamine metabolism, and proteins that may support virulence and stress mediation in the anoxic region. The LAST methodology can identify hundreds of proteins using just a small area of biofilm.
Article
Cell Biology
Xiaodan Zhang, Chuansheng Hu, Chen Huang, Ying Wei, Xiaowei Li, Miaomiao Hu, Hua Li, Ji Wu, Daniel M. Czajkowsky, Yan Guo, Zhifeng Shao
Summary: This method presents a robust approach for acquiring finely resolved transcriptional programs from clinical tissues using immunofluorescence-guided laser capture microdissection. It allows analysis of transcriptional networks and signaling pathways of specific cell types within native tissues. The use of a small molecule inhibitor, RVC, protects the RNA from degradation during the procedure.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Xinyu Yang, Yinggai Song, TianYu Liang, Qiqi Wang, Ruoyu Li, Wei Liu
Summary: Coccidioidomycosis is increasing among Chinese patients, with challenges in diagnosis due to lack of specificity in clinical presentations and imaging findings. Diagnosis is primarily confirmed through histopathological examination, and the rarity of endemic mycoses along with limited availability of diagnostic tests poses challenges. The use of LCM and molecular techniques has shown improvement in species identification for timely diagnosis.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Kristina Navrazhina, Sandra Garcet, Samuel C. Williams, Nicholas Gulati, Felix Kiecker, John W. Frew, Hiroshi Mitsui, James G. Krueger
Summary: The study demonstrates the importance of using laser capture microdissection (LCM) to accurately identify molecular changes in melanoma samples, without being affected by inflammatory infiltration. LCM analysis identified a greater number of differentially expressed genes, including melanocyte-specific genes, and revealed pathways related to cell proliferation.
PIGMENT CELL & MELANOMA RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Wei Qin, Yongpeng Li, Bowen Peng, Hang Liu, Tiantian Chen, Xin Yan, Yaojie Zhang, Chen Wang, Xinghao Yao, Xueqing Fu, Ling Li, Kexuan Tang
Summary: In this study, a method using laser capture microdissection (LCM) was developed to isolate glandular secretory trichomes (GSTs) from leaf epidermis without fixation. The method efficiently captured GSTs and enriched for related metabolites. This approach enables the study of pure plant cell populations and has the potential to discover novel secondary metabolites.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Christoph Stingl, Angela Bureo Gonzalez, Coskun Guzel, Kai Yi Nadine Phoa, Michail Doukas, Gerben Eise Breimer, Sybren Lodewijk Meijer, Jacques Johannes Bergman, Theo Marten Luider
Summary: The study investigated significant proteomic changes during the progression from Barrett's esophagus (BE) to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), revealing an overall up-regulation in protein abundance and diversity in dysplastic/EAC tissue compared to non-dysplastic BE. Validation of higher expression of MSH6 and XPO5 confirmed the findings, with further analysis indicating alterations in pathways related to carcinogenesis such as micro-RNA trafficking, DNA damage repair, and spliceosome activity in dysplastic/EAC tissue.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Liqing Lu, Haijian Yang, Yanhui Xu, Li Zhang, Juxun Wu, Hualin Yi
Summary: This study used RNA-seq and Pacbio-seq technologies to analyze the transcriptome and plant hormone signals in citrus seed development, revealing the important roles of hormone signaling, cell division, and nutrient metabolism processes. Additionally, several genes, including CrWRKY74, were found to play critical roles in seed abortion.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shashank Pandey, Zdenek Tuma, Tereza Smrhova, Miroslava Cedikova, Tereza Macanova, Magdalena Chottova Dvorakova
Summary: A platform for precise proteomic profiling of targeted cell populations from heterogeneous tissue sections is developed using LCM and CAP-IA integration, showing effectiveness for handling very small tissue sections.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Jongmin Woo, Madeline Schoenfeld, Xinguo Sun, Thierry Iraguha, Zhanxiang Zhou, Qibin Zhang
Summary: Using a simplified method, we conducted a proteomics study of intestinal tissue enriched with Paneth cells and identified several proteins associated with Paneth cell characteristics.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Emma Rose McGlone, Yusman Manchanda, Ben Jones, Phil Pickford, Asuka Inoue, David Carling, Stephen R. Bloom, Tricia Tan, Alejandra Tomas
Summary: RAMP2 alters the spatiotemporal pattern of GCGR signaling by retaining GCGR intracellularly, leading to a bias towards Gas protein activation and increased short-term efficacy for cAMP production. Further exploration of the effects of RAMP2 on GCGR in vivo is warranted.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Leslie A. Ramsey, Fernanda M. Holloman, Bruce T. Hope, Yavin Shaham, Marco Venniro
Summary: A mouse model of operant social self-administration and choice was introduced using custom-made apparatus, with CD1 mice showing stronger social self-administration and responsiveness to social isolation compared to C57BL/6J mice. CD1 mice preferred social interaction, while C57BL/6J mice preferred food.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amalia Ruiz-Serrano, Christina N. Boyle, Josep M. Monne Rodriguez, Julia Guenter, Agnieszka E. Jucht, Svende Pfundstein, Andreas M. Bapst, Thomas A. Lutz, Roland H. Wenger, Carsten C. Scholz
Summary: Dysregulated energy metabolism is a major cause of various diseases. OTUB1 plays an important regulatory role in energy metabolism. Deletion of OTUB1 in mice leads to increased energy expenditure and improved glucose metabolism.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Belinda P. P. Lay, Eisuke Koya, Bruce T. Hope, Guillem R. Esber, Mihaela D. Iordanova
Summary: Adaptive behavior relies on the delicate balance between acquisition and extinction memories. Disruption of this balance can lead to treatment failure for maladaptive behaviors. Understanding the neurobiology underlying this balance is crucial for developing effective treatments.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Gustavo Ferreira Alves, Ian Stoppa, Eleonora Aimaretti, Chiara Monge, Raffaella Mastrocola, Elisa Porchietto, Giacomo Einaudi, Debora Collotta, Ilaria Bertocchi, Elena Boggio, Casimiro Luca Gigliotti, Nausicaa Clemente, Manuela Aragno, Daniel Fernandes, Carlo Cifani, Christoph Thiemermann, Chiara Dianzani, Umberto Dianzani, Massimo Collino
Summary: ICOS-Fc can act as an immunomodulatory drug to protect against sepsis by modulating cytokine release and cell migration, reducing inflammation and organ damage.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eleonora Aimaretti, Carlo Murzio, Gustavo Ferreira Alves, Giacomo Einaudi, Debora Collotta, Elisa Porchietto, Carlo Cifani, Alessandro Algeri, Manuela Aragno, Massimo Collino, Raffaella Mastrocola
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jessica Mingardi, Caterina Paoli, Luca La Via, Giulia Carini, Paulina Misztak, Carlo Cifani, Maurizio Popoli, Alessandro Barbon, Laura Musazzi
Summary: Stress is a crucial risk factor for neuropsychiatric disorders, and understanding the mechanisms underlying stress response is important for identifying therapeutic targets. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key regulators in the brain, and miR-135a-5p has been associated with stress response and synaptic mechanisms. This study found that both acute and chronic stress decrease miR-135a-5p levels in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), and the reduction is more pronounced in animals vulnerable to chronic stress. The downregulation of miR-135a-5p affects dendritic spine density and two predicted target genes show increased expression after stress.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sebastian Luca D'Addario, Diana Municchi, Camilla Mancini, Donald Ielpo, Lucy Babicola, Matteo Di Segni, Luisa Lo Iacono, Fabio Ferlazzo, Carlo Cifani, Diego Andolina, Rossella Ventura
Summary: This study investigates the effects of early life adversities (ELA) on miR-34a expression using an animal model, and finds that ELA induces depressive-like behavior and enduring changes in miR-34a expression, and also influences the miR-34a response to adult acute stress in females. Furthermore, altered miR-34a expression in the Dorsal Raphe Nuclei is associated with prefrontal-accumbal 5-HT release under acute stress exposure in females.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ida Fredriksson, Pei-Jung Tsai, Aniruddha Shekara, Ying Duan, Sarah V. Applebey, Angelica Minier-Toribio, Ashley Batista, Jonathan J. Chow, Lindsay Altidor, Estelle Barbier, Carlo Cifani, Xuan Li, David J. Reiner, F. Javier Rubio, Bruce T. Hope, Yihong Yang, Jennifer M. Bossert, Yavin Shaham
Summary: High relapse rate is a key feature of opioid addiction which can be modeled in a rat model of incubation of oxycodone craving after voluntary abstinence. The vSub neuronal ensembles play a key role in the incubation of oxycodone craving in this model. Functional connectivity changes in vSub-related circuits can predict opioid relapse after abstinence induced by adverse consequences.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Marialuisa de Ceglia, Maria Vittoria Micioni Di Bonaventura, Adele Romano, Marzia Friuli, Emanuela Micioni Di Bonaventura, Ana L. Gavito, Luca Botticelli, Silvana Gaetani, Fernando Rodriguez de Fonseca, Carlo Cifani
Summary: Consuming energy-dense palatable comfort food can alleviate stress, but withdrawal from such a diet can worsen symptoms. This study investigated the endocannabinoid system (ECS) and found that inhibiting fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) may be a potential treatment for anxiety related to abstinence from palatable food.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Sarah M. Claypool, David J. Reiner, Sana Behdin, Javier Orihuel, Ashley Batista, Kiera E. Caldwell, Jonathan J. Chow, Jennifer M. Bossert, F. Javier Rubio, Bruce T. Hope, Yavin Shaham
Summary: We investigated the role of the piriform cortex (Pir) and its afferent projections in fentanyl relapse using a model of voluntary abstinence-induced relapse. Fentanyl relapse was associated with increased activation of Pir afferents from the anterior insular cortex (AI) and prelimbic cortex (PL). Disconnecting the AI-Pir projections decreased fentanyl relapse, while disconnecting the PL-Pir projections modestly decreased reacquisition. Our findings suggest dissociable roles of AI-Pir and PL-Pir projections in nonreinforced fentanyl seeking and reacquisition after voluntary abstinence.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Alessandro Bonifazi, Fabio Del Bello, Gianfabio Giorgioni, Alessandro Piergentili, Elizabeth Saab, Luca Botticelli, Carlo Cifani, Emanuela Micioni Di Bonaventura, Maria Vittoria Micioni Di Bonaventura, Wilma Quaglia
Summary: Orexin-A and Orexin-B are highly conserved hypothalamic neuropeptides that mediate their effects through two distinct G protein-coupled receptors, OX1-R and OX2-R. They play important roles in various physiological functions such as sleep-wake cycle regulation, emotion, panic-like behaviors, anxiety/stress, food intake, and energy homeostasis. This review focuses on the medicinal chemistry aspects of small molecules acting as dual or subtype selective OX1-R/OX2-R agonists and antagonists, as well as radiolabeled OX-R ligands for molecular imaging.
MEDICINAL RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Chiara Salvesi, Stefania Silvi, Dennis Fiorini, Laura Alessandroni, Gianni Sagratini, Francesco Alessandro Palermo, Renato De Leone, Nadaniela Egidi, Carlo Cifani, Maria Vittoria Micioni Di Bonaventura, Amedeo Amedei, Elena Niccolai, Francesca Scocchera, Fausto Mannucci, Valerio Valeriani, Marco Malavasi, Sara Servili, Andrea Casula, Andrea Cresci, Ivano Corradetti, Maria Magdalena Coman, M. Cristina Verdenelli
Summary: The PROBIOSENIOR project investigated the effects of a six-month supplementation of probiotic functional foods and nutraceuticals on inflammatory markers and nutritional status in elderly volunteers. The results showed that the supplementation significantly decreased circulating levels of TNF-alpha, increased levels of IGF-1, and improved nutritional status. It also had a modulating effect on cytokine levels, reducing IL-6, IL-8, and MIP-1 alpha. Overall, the project demonstrated the potential of SYNBIO(R) supplementation in positively influencing nutrition and inflammation in the elderly.
Article
Microbiology
Maria Magdalena Coman, Maria Vittoria Micioni Di Bonaventura, Carlo Cifani, Stefania Silvi, Maria Cristina Verdenelli
Summary: The aim of this study was to determine if daily consumption of a SYNBIO(R) probiotics-elderberry extract supplement (ACTIVE) may contribute to the well-being of flight attendants. Forty healthy crew members enrolled in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study consumed one ACTIVE capsule/day or placebo for 30 days. The ACTIVE supplementation might be beneficial to airline crew members, improving their physiological state, their immune defenses, and the strength and efficiency of their gastrointestinal tract when responding to stressful conditions.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Luca Botticelli, Emanuela Micioni Di Bonaventura, Fabio Del Bello, Gianfabio Giorgioni, Alessandro Piergentili, Wilma Quaglia, Alessandro Bonifazi, Carlo Cifani, Maria Vittoria Micioni Di Bonaventura
Summary: Neuromedin U (NMU) is a bioactive peptide involved in multiple physiological processes, acting through two G protein coupled receptors (GPCR). NMU plays a role in regulating food intake and has anti-obesity properties. It also influences binge eating behavior, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for obesity and eating disorders.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)