Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Loreen Tisdall, Kelly H. MacNiven, Claudia B. Padula, Josiah K. Leong, Brian Knutson
Summary: Diffusion tractography can predict relapse in patients with stimulant use disorder, and lowered diffusion metrics in the tract from the anterior insula to the NAcc are associated with subsequent relapse.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Psychiatry
Mai Thi Ngoc Tran, Quang Hung Luong, Giang Le Minh, Michael P. Dunne, Philip Baker
Summary: This overview of systematic reviews found that compared to usual care, patients in psychosocial intervention groups showed reduced drug usage and injectable drug use, lower risk of unsafe sex, and improved treatment adherence. Cognitive behavioural therapy was less likely to retain patients at follow-up, but the addition of contingency management strategy significantly improved retention rates.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Caroline E. Freiermuth, David F. Kisor, Joshua Lambert, Robert Braun, Jennifer A. Frey, Daniel J. Bachmann, Jason J. Bischof, Michael S. Lyons, Michael V. Pantalon, Brittany E. Punches, Rachel Ancona, Jon E. Sprague
Summary: Genetics play a significant role in opioid use disorder (OUD), with 30-40% contribution. This study investigated the association between 180 candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and OUD, with 120 related to dopamine reward pathway and 60 related to pharmacokinetics. The analysis of 1,301 participants revealed 6 SNPs in 4 genes associated with OUD, including CYP3A5 and DRD3 SNPs increasing the odds, and CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 SNPs decreasing the odds of OUD. These findings provide potential genetic targets for prognosis and therapeutic interventions.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yang Chen, Guibin Wang, Wen Zhang, Ying Han, Libo Zhang, Hubo Xu, Shiqiu Meng, Lin Lu, Yanxue Xue, Jie Shi
Summary: This study found that rats with compulsive cocaine use showed increased neural activity in the anterior insular cortex and enhanced orbitofrontal cortex-anterior insular cortex circuit. Manipulating the activity of anterior insular cortex glutamatergic neurons and the orbitofrontal cortex-anterior insular cortex circuit bidirectionally regulated compulsive cocaine intake.
Article
Psychiatry
Jiayi Cox, Richard Sherva, Leah Wetherill, Tatiana Foroud, Howard J. Edenberg, Henry R. Kranzler, Joel Gelernter, Lindsay A. Farrer
Summary: The study found stimulant dependence to be heritable, with potential genetic factors and genes underlying the trait identified through a genome-wide association study. Four suggestive loci were identified, with genes related to other substance use disorders also being highlighted.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Chandra Sripada
Summary: The Distortion model proposes that impaired control in addiction can be understood as unreliable control, with distorted automatic thoughts and unreliable control over these thoughts leading to misvaluation of costs and benefits of drug use and ultimately decisions to use. This model captures a middle ground in addiction where there is preserved control over drug use for brief intervals, but difficulty maintaining sobriety long-term. It also explains clinical findings in addiction that are not easily accommodated by other views.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Anees Bahji, Marlon Danilewitz, David Crockford
Summary: In the midst of the opioid epidemic, harm reduction-oriented approaches have gained attention. Some advocate for interventions that focus on prescribing pharmaceutical-grade psychoactive substances instead of illicit versions to mitigate fatal overdose risks. However, the evidence supporting this practice remains insufficient.
Article
Neurosciences
Mary R. Lee, Daniel Rio, Laura Kwako, David T. George, Markus Heilig, Reza Momenan
Summary: In preclinical models of alcohol use disorder, the upregulation of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptor in the extended amygdala is associated with stress-induced relapse to drinking. A clinical study was conducted to investigate the effect of pexacerfont, a selective CRF1 receptor antagonist, on the neural response to a social stress task in individuals with high trait anxiety and moderate to severe alcohol use disorder. The results showed that pexacerfont had no effect on the neural response to self-observation under stress. The study highlights the potential application of this task in studying the disrupted neurocircuitry in addiction.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leisheng Shi, Yan Wang, Chong Li, Kunlin Zhang, Quansheng Du, Mei Zhao
Summary: AddictGene is a resource that integrates multidimensional data related to commonly abused substances, including gene expression, gene-gene interaction, gene-drug interaction, and epigenetic regulatory information. This database provides detailed information about differentially expressed genes, offering a valuable resource for studying the molecular mechanisms underlying addiction.
COMPUTATIONAL AND STRUCTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Dermatology
Patricia M. Richey, Leah Laageide, Brian L. Swick
Summary: This study found that patients with psychocutaneous disorders have high rates of stimulant use and comorbidity with psychiatric disorders. The findings are important for understanding the etiology and treatment of psychocutaneous disorders.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anna Powell, Harry Sumnall, Jessica Smith, Rebecca Kuiper, Catharine Montgomery
Summary: This article aims to assess the recovery of neuropsychological function following abstinence in individuals diagnosed with Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), as well as to identify predictors of recovery. The study is currently ongoing and results are expected to be complete by October 2022.
Article
Neurosciences
Roberto Ciccocioppo, Giordano de Guglielmo, Hongwu Li, Miriam Melis, Lucia Caffino, Quienwei Shen, Ana Domi, Fabio Fumagalli, Gregory A. Demopulos, George A. Gaitanaris
Summary: The research showed that inhibiting PDE7 enzyme can reduce self-administration of nicotine and prevent reinstatement of nicotine seeking behavior. In animal experiments, PDE7 inhibitors were found to enhance dopaminergic transmission, suggesting potential for treating nicotine addiction.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Sheri -Michelle Koopowitz, Sarah M. Cotton, Anne Uhlmann, Kevin G. F. Thomas, Dan J. Stein
Summary: Methamphetamine abuse is associated with cognitive deficits in various domains. This study aimed to compare the executive function performance of methamphetamine-dependent individuals with and without methamphetamine-induced psychosis. The results showed that methamphetamine-induced psychosis was associated with impairments in verbal generativity and inhibition, indicating the importance of these executive function subdomains in treatment adherence and relapse prevention.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tsen Vei Lim, Rudolf N. Cardinal, Edward T. Bullmore, Trevor W. Robbins, Karen D. Ersche
Summary: The study revealed that SUD patients have significantly reduced learning rates from punishment compared to healthy controls, while reward learning rates were not measurably impaired. Furthermore, the dopaminergic receptor agents modulated RL parameters differently in SUD patients and healthy participants.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Canyon Foot, Philip T. Korthuis, Judith I. Tsui, Sean X. Luo, Brian Chan, Ryan R. Cook
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of ongoing stimulant use on the return to illicit opioid use after medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) initiation. The findings suggest that individuals who use stimulants are more likely to relapse to ongoing non-prescribed opioid use, especially among those who initiate buprenorphine.
Article
Neurosciences
Xiaomei Lin, Tianyuyi Feng, Erheng Cui, Yunfei Li, Zhang Qin, Xiaohu Zhao
Summary: This study successfully established a rat model based on the genetic-environmental interaction, which exhibited phenotype characteristics similar to human AD in terms of cognitive function, brain microstructure, and immunohistochemistry. The genetic factor (APP mutation) and the environmental factor (acrolein exposure) accounted for 39.74% and 33.3% of the AD-like phenotypes in the model, respectively.
Article
Neurosciences
Gustavo Guimara Guerrero, Giovanna Bignoto Minhoto, Camilla dos Santos Tiburcio-Machado, Itza Amarisis Ribeiro Pinto, Claudio Antonio Federico, Marcia Carneiro Valera
Summary: The present study evaluated the influence of head and neck radiotherapy on the behavior and body weight gain in Wistar rats. The results demonstrated that different doses of radiation induced depressive behavior in the animals, and that the weight gain tended to be lower in the irradiated groups.
Article
Neurosciences
Ziwei Gao, Chao Lu, Yaping Zhu, Yuxin Liu, Yuesong Lin, Wenming Gao, Liyuan Tian, Lei Wu
Summary: This study reveals the underlying mechanisms of the rapid antidepressant effects of merazin hydrate (MH), which activates CaMKII to promote neuronal activities and proliferation in the hippocampus.
Article
Neurosciences
Kathleen E. Murray, Whitney A. Ratliff, Vedad Delic, Bruce A. Citron
Summary: Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a chronic disorder that affects approximately 30% of Veterans deployed to the Persian Gulf. This study found that exposure to toxicants during the Gulf War resulted in long-term changes in the morphology of dentate granule cells and that treatment with Nrf2 activator could improve neuronal health in the hippocampus.
Article
Neurosciences
Jing Li, Yan Zou, Xiangchuang Kong, Yangming Leng, Fan Yang, Guofeng Zhou, Bo Liu, Wenliang Fan
Summary: This study examines the functional connectivity changes in individuals with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) at the integrity, network, and edge levels. The findings reveal reduced intranetwork connectivity strength and increased internetwork connectivity in SSNHL patients. These alterations are associated with the duration of SSNHL and Tinnitus Handicap Inventory scores. The study provides crucial insights into the neural mechanisms of SSNHL and the brain's network-level responses to sensory loss.
Review
Neurosciences
Didier Majou, Anne-Lise Dermenghem
Summary: In the early stages of SAD, memory impairment is strongly correlated with cortical levels of soluble amyloid-beta peptide oligomers. A beta disrupts glutamatergic synaptic function and leads to cognitive deficits. This article describes the pathogenic mechanisms underlying cerebral amyloidosis, involving amyloid precursor protein synthesis, A beta residue clearance processes, and the role of specific molecules.
Article
Neurosciences
Jing Li, Yi Shan, Xiaojing Zhao, Guixiang Shan, Peng-Hu Wei, Lin Liu, Changming Wang, Hang Wu, Weiqun Song, Yi Tang, Guo-Guang Zhao, Jie Lu
Summary: This study investigates changes in brain anatomical structures and functional network connectivity after chronic complete thoracic spinal cord injury (cctSCI) and their impact on clinical outcomes. The findings reveal alterations in gray matter volume and functional connectivity in specific brain regions, indicating potential therapeutic targets and methods for tracking treatment outcomes.
Article
Neurosciences
Anllely Fernandez, Katherine Corvalan, Octavia Santis, Maxs Mendez-Ruette, Ariel Caviedes, Matias Pizarro, Maria -Teresa Gomez, Luis Federico Batiz, Peter Landgraf, Thilo Kahne, Alejandro Rojas-Fernandez, Ursula Wyneken
Summary: This study reveals the importance of SUMOylation in modulating the protein cargo of astrocyte-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) and its potential impact on neurons.
Article
Neurosciences
Anika Luettig, Stefanie Perl, Maria Zetsche, Franziska Richter, Denise Franz, Marco Heerdegen, Ruediger Koehling, Angelika Richter
Summary: This study found that changes in c-Fos activity during short-term stimulation of the entopeduncular nucleus (EPN) are associated with improvement in dystonia, and also discovered that the cerebellum may be involved in the antidystonic effects.
Article
Neurosciences
Yanlin Tao, Wei Shen, Houyuan Zhou, Zikang Li, Ting Pi, Hui Wu, Hailian Shi, Fei Huang, Xiaojun Wu
Summary: Depression has a higher incidence in women compared to men, and this study investigated the impact of sex on depressive behaviors and underlying mechanisms using a corticosterone-induced depression model in mice. The results showed sex-specific anxiety and depression behaviors in the model group, as well as differences in protein expression and neurotransmitter levels between male and female mice. These findings enhance our understanding of sex-specific differences in depression and support tailored interventions.
Review
Neurosciences
Dnyandev G. Gadhave, Vrashabh V. Sugandhi, Chandrakant R. Kokare
Summary: This article discusses the characteristics and importance of the tight junctions of endothelial cells in the CNS, which act as a biological barrier known as the blood-brain barrier (BBB). It focuses on overcoming the challenges of delivering therapeutic agents to the brain in neurodegenerative disorders, particularly multiple sclerosis, through the use of biomaterials. The article also highlights the current limitations of animal models for studying multiple sclerosis and suggests a potential future research direction.
Article
Neurosciences
Li-Min Mao, Khyathi Thallapureddy, John Q. Wang
Summary: Propofol can enhance synapsin phosphorylation and modulate synaptic transmission in the mouse brain. The study reveals the potential role of synapsin as a substrate of propofol and its effects on neurotransmitter release machinery.
Article
Neurosciences
Syed Maaz Ahmed Rizvi, Abdul Baseer Buriro, Irfan Ahmed, Abdul Aziz Memon
Summary: This study explores the effects of prolonged mask usage on the human brain by analyzing EEG and physiological parameters. The results show that the mean EEG spectral power in alpha, beta, and gamma sub-bands of individuals wearing masks is smaller than those without masks. The performances on cognitive tasks and oxygen saturation level differ between the two groups, while blood pressure, body temperature, and heart rate are similar. The analysis also reveals that the occipital and frontal lobes exhibit the greatest variability in channel measurements.
Article
Neurosciences
Rui-Fang Ma, Lu-Lu Xue, Jin-Xiang Liu, Li Chen, Liu-Lin Xiong, Ting-Hua Wang, Fei Liu
Summary: This study observed changes in brain infarction and blood vessels in rats during neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (NHIE) modeling using Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography (TCD). Longer duration of hypoxia was associated with more severe nerve damage. TCD can dynamically monitor cerebral infarction after NHIE modeling, which may serve as a useful auxiliary method for evaluating animal experimental models.
Article
Neurosciences
Yuxiang Dai, Chen Yu, Lu Zhou, Longyang Cheng, Hongbin Ni, Weibang Liang
Summary: Overexpression of CXCR4 in glioma is correlated with patient survival, and its inhibition can reduce invasion and migration of glioma cells. Inhibiting Nur77 also decreases cancer progression associated with CXCR4.