Article
Engineering, Environmental
A. Cabello, A. Abad, T. Mendiara, M. T. Izquierdo, L. F. de Diego
Summary: Chemical looping combustion (CLC) allows for the simultaneous combustion of a fuel and the capture of CO2. In this study, tests were conducted in a lab-scale CLC unit using a promising Cu-based oxygen carrier to determine its combustion performance and durability. Operating conditions were carefully selected to maximize the oxygen carrier's durability while achieving complete CH4 combustion. The results showed that the Cu-based oxygen carrier exhibited excellent mechanical resistance, making it suitable for continuous CLC operation at 900 degrees C.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Giovanny S. de Oliveira, Ciro E. S. Lobo, Carlos E. A. Padilha, Domingos F. S. Souza, Juan A. C. Ruiz
Summary: Brazil aims to reduce its CO2 emissions by utilizing glycerin in Chemical Looping Combustion (CLC). The study evaluates the feasibility of using glycerin in CLC and finds that the addition of ethanol improves combustion efficiency, while the addition of methanol reduces efficiency.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Doki Yamaguchi, Liangguang Tang, Jose Orellana, Trevor D. Hadley, Sankar Bhattacharya, Kok-Seng Lim
Summary: The study developed a compact fully looped chemical looping reactor and found that the CLC performance increased with increasing operation time over 36 hours, as indicated by the increase in the CO2/CO molar ratio. The morphology changes and ash interaction of the Australian ilmenite did not noticeably affect the CLC performance or operation during continuous operation.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xin Wu, Yunchang Dong, Jinchen Ma, Hengfeng Bu, Zhao Su, Laihong Shen, Haibo Zhao
Summary: In this study, a bimetallic oxygen carrier with good redox stability and sintering resistance is prepared in an industrial-scaled equipment. The oxygen carrier exhibits high combustion efficiency at high temperatures and shows potential for large-scale fluidized bed reactors.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Richard A. Newby, Dale L. Keairns, Robert W. Stevens
Summary: The objective of this study was to estimate the cost of commercial production of oxygen carriers (OCs) for large-scale application in the chemical looping combustion (CLC) power generation industry. Two production facility scenarios were considered, and two OC production techniques were addressed. The estimated OC product costs can be used to guide development and determine the maximum OC makeup rate for achieving a designated cost-of-electricity (COE) reduction goal.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Guicai Liu, Grzegorz Lisak
Summary: This review summarizes the basic properties and opportunities of Cu-based OCs in various chemical looping processes. It covers the applications of Cu-based OCs in chemical looping combustion (CLC), chemical looping oxygen uncoupling (CLOU), chemical looping air separation (CLAS), chemical looping for syngas/H2 production, integrated CaO/CuO looping process, and thermochemical energy storage (TCES). The review also discusses the technical challenges and current strategies related to agglomeration, attrition, and ash accumulation. It provides insights and guidance for the design and development of Cu-based OCs and their applications in chemical looping processes.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Lei Liu, Zhenshan Li, Zuoan Li, Yngve Larring, Ningsheng Cai
Summary: This study investigates the effect of SO2 on the redox kinetics of a CaMn0.375Ti0.5Fe0.125O3-delta perovskite oxygen carrier, revealing that SO2 has minimal impact on reduction reactivity at high temperatures but decreases oxidation reactivity. The sulfur mainly exists in the form of sulfates/sulfides on the particle surface, leading to sulfur poisoning effect during oxidation and reduction processes.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
W. Akram, Sanjay, M. A. Hassan
Summary: This paper discusses the application of oxygen carriers in chemical looping combustion and the impact of particle size, highlighting the potential use of nanosized oxygen carriers. It demonstrates that as particle size decreases from micro- to nanoscale, the reactivity of oxygen carriers increases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Christopher M. Burger, Wenbo Zhu, Guoming Ma, Hao Zhao, Adri C. T. van Duin, Yiguang Ju
Summary: In this study, reaction pathways for the oxidation of methane, ethane, and ethylene with CuO were investigated using ReaxFF Molecular Dynamics simulations. Experimental results confirmed some of the simulated products but discrepancies were observed, indicating the potential for modifying the potential functions to accurately model experimental products.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Pietro Bartocci, Alberto Abad, Arturo Cabello Flores, Margarita de las Obras Loscertales
Summary: To address the scale-up challenges of Chemical Looping Processes, the development of efficient and affordable oxygen carriers is crucial. Ilmenite, an ore-derived oxygen carrier, has been identified as an abundant and low-cost option. This paper provides insights into its preparation, reactivity, and performance compared to other carriers, along with its thermodynamic properties and kinetics. The paper also explores its compatibility with various fuels (solid, liquid, gaseous, including biofuels) and discusses important considerations such as cost, environmental sustainability, oxygen transport capacity, as well as issues related to fluidized bed reactors, such as agglomeration and attrition behavior. Furthermore, the paper investigates the interaction between ilmenite and fuels, including the impact of impurities and coke deposition on the gasification rate of solid fuels.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Amr Abdalla, Mansour Mohammedramadan Tijani, Mohanned Mohamedali, Nader Mahinpey
Summary: This study investigated the effects of introducing WO3 into NiO/ZrO2 oxygen carriers for methane CLC, and found that the dual metal oxide oxygen carriers exhibited enhanced oxygen capacity and lower carbon formation compared to their monometallic counterparts. The introduction of WO3 into the NiO/ZrO2 lattice structure led to the formation of an intermediate phase (NiWO4) which improved oxygen carriers' reducibility and metal dispersion. Impregnation synthesis method showed superior performance in terms of cyclic stability and coking resistance.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Dunyu Liu, Chaoran Wang, Yunpei Fan, Qiuqi Liu, Xudong Wang, Kailong Xu, Jing Jin, Jingjing Ma, Jinchen Ma
Summary: Chemical looping combustion (CLC) of coal for carbon capture utilization and storage is an effective technology to reduce carbon emission. However, there is uncertainty in mercury emission from both air and fuel reactor. This paper aims to reveal the mechanisms for the transformation of mercury-related species.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Dawei Wang, Anuj Joshi, Liang-Shih Fan
Summary: Chemical looping is a process that uses chemical intermediates to decompose a reaction into multiple sub-reaction steps. Calcium looping and redox looping are two applications of chemical looping, with the former being commercially demonstrated and the latter yet to be realized sustainably. With increasing concerns about climate change, efforts to develop redox looping as a promising fossil energy conversion technology with CO2 emission control have been invigorated. Metal oxide reaction engineering and particle science and technology are crucial technical areas to advance the industrial practice of chemical looping.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Siddig Abuelgasim, Wenju Wang, Atif Abdalazeez
Summary: Chemical looping combustion (CLC) is a promising CO2 capture technology that utilizes metal particles to transport oxygen and avoid nitrogen in combustion exhaust. Oxygen carrier is a key parameter in CLC, and tests have shown its feasibility worldwide.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Haodong Huang, Jinchen Ma, Haibo Zhao, Chuguang Zheng
Summary: This work investigates the behavior of coal-derived chlorine in chemical looping combustion (CLC) and the potential adverse impacts of primary gaseous chlorine (HCl) on a Cu-based oxygen carrier (OC). The inactivation mechanism of the sol-gel-derived CuO/Al2O3 OC is studied. It is found that HCl is the main gaseous chlorine in coal CLC and shows high reactivity towards CuO. The presence of HCl can result in corrosion and degradation of the OC.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Alberto Abad, Pilar Gayan, Francisco Garcia-Labiano, Luis F. de Diego, Maria T. Izquierdo, Teresa Mendiara, Juan Adanez
Summary: Chemical looping combustion (CLC) is an innovative technology that combines fuel combustion with CO2 capture using oxygen carriers. This study investigated the performance of CuO/Al2O3 and Fe2O3/Al2O3 particles as oxygen carriers in a CLC unit, and developed a mathematical model to simulate their behavior. The model successfully predicted the combustion performance of these materials in both a smaller-scale unit and a larger-scale unit.
GREENHOUSE GASES-SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kagan Benzesik, Ahmet Turan, Seref Sonmez, Maria Teresa Izquierdo, Onuralp Yucel
Summary: In this study, Li4SiO4 powders were successfully synthesized by Solution Combustion Synthesis (SCS) technique, and their CO2 sorption performance was tested. The synthesized sample showed high CO2 uptake value in thermobalance test and exhibited good CO2 adsorption capability under simulated industrial off-gas conditions. Additionally, the sample demonstrated good cyclic durability during the sorption/desorption tests.
SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
A. Cabello, A. Abad, M. de las Obras Loscertales, P. Bartocci, F. Garcia-Labiano, L. F. de Diego
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of increased operating pressure on the fuel conversion in chemical looping combustion systems using ilmenite as the oxygen carrier. Fluid dynamics and reaction kinetics were considered to determine suitable design parameters. The results showed that incomplete combustion occurred at atmospheric conditions, while some improvement was achieved at pressurized conditions, leading to higher energy efficiency.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Javier Quilez-Bermejo, Sergio Garcia-Dali, Ayoub Daouli, Andrea Zitolo, Rafael L. S. Canevesi, Melanie Emo, Maria T. Izquierdo, Michael Badawi, Alain Celzard, Vanessa Fierro
Summary: In this study, single atoms and nanoclusters of Fe, Ni, Co, Cu, and Mn were embedded in a well-defined C1N1-type material with internal cavities of approximately 0.6 nm. The nucleation of different metal nanoclusters was achieved by forming metal-nitrogen bonds on four N atoms. After pyrolysis, TM@CNx-type structures were obtained, where TM represents the transition metal and x<1. Fe@CNx and Co@CNx showed promising performance in oxygen reduction reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction respectively, with a Pt-like performance, while Ni@CNx exhibited the highest activity in oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with an E-OER of 1.59 V versus RHE, surpassing the commercial IrO2 (E-OER = 1.72 V). This systematic and benchmarking study provides a basis for the future design of advanced multi-functional electrocatalysts by modulating and combining the metallic nature of nanoclusters and single atoms.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Pietro Bartocci, Alberto Abad, Aldo Bischi, Lu Wang, Arturo Cabello, Margarita de Las Obras Loscertales, Mauro Zampilli, Haiping Yang, Francesco Fantozzi
Summary: This paper presents a simple methodology to optimize the design of the air reactor in a chemical looping combustor when connected to a turbo expander for power production. Considerations such as solid inventory, gas velocity, transport disengaging height, and pressure drop are taken into account. The reactor in this study had a height of 9.5 m and a diameter of 1.8 m, with a total inventory of 10,880 kg and a circulation rate of 110 kg/s. The operating pressure and temperature were 12 bar and 1200 degrees C, respectively, with an average gas velocity of 4 m/s. The fluidization regime was found to be between turbulent and fast fluidization. Further work is needed to estimate the reactor's pressure drop, which will significantly affect plant efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Inaki Adanez-Rubio, Tobias Mattisson, Marijke Jacobs, Juan Adanez
Summary: Chemical Looping with Oxygen Uncoupling (CLOU) is a technology that separates the oxygen for fuel combustion using an oxygen carrier in a fuel reactor. This study investigates the behavior of Mn/Mg/Si system as oxygen carriers for CLOU. The most reactive oxygen carriers without Si in the structure were found to be M24Mg76 and M48Mg51. These carriers showed good reactivity and mechanical stability in a batch fluidized bed reactor.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Amirhossein Filsouf, Inaki Adanez-Rubio, Teresa Mendiara, Alberto Abad, Juan Adanez
Summary: Chemical looping with oxygen uncoupling (CLOU) process utilizes two interconnected fluidized bed reactors, where Cu-based oxygen carriers containing a kaolin-reinforced MnFe mixed oxide as a magnetic support were prepared to improve their properties. The effects of kaolin concentration and calcination temperature on the carriers' magnetic permeability, crushing strength, attrition, agglomeration resistance, and reactivity were studied. Two oxygen carriers containing 28.5 wt% CuO-5 wt% kaolin and 30 wt% CuO-7.5 wt% kaolin, respectively, both calcined at 1100 degrees C, showed improved mechanical resistance and maintained their magnetic properties and reactivity.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sergio Garcia-Dali, Javier Quilez-Bermejo, Raj Karthik, Rafael Luan Sehn Canevesi, Maria T. Izquierdo, Melanie Emo, Alain Celzard, Vanessa Fierro
Summary: The sluggish kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a major limitation for green electrochemical devices. Expensive ruthenium and iridium oxide electrodes have been used as advanced electrocatalysts, but their rarity limits their global implementation. Transition metal and boron compounds show promise as alternatives due to their high catalytic properties and stability. However, their synthesis routes often involve expensive supports, increasing the cost. This study presents an easy and support-free synthesis of bimetallic borates, showing improved electrocatalytic properties for OER, particularly with nickel as the transition metal. A support-free synthesis route achieved an overpotential of 230 mV, comparable to commercial and state-of-the-art electrocatalysts.
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sergio Garcia-Dali, Javier Quilez-Bermejo, Jimena Castro-Gutierrez, Niki Baccile, Maria T. Izquierdo, Alain Celzard, Vanessa Fierro
Summary: This study presents efficient electrodes for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) based on low-cost and metal-free carbon catalysts. Phytic acid, a biosourced molecule containing carbon (C) and phosphorus (P), is used as a precursor to produce P-doped carbon materials. The conversion of P-O-type groups into P-C-type species is crucial for the catalytic activity of P-doped carbon materials, with P-C-type groups being the key factor in the electrocatalytic activity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arturo Cabello, Teresa Mendiara, M. Teresa Izquierdo, Francisco Garcia-Labiano, Alberto Abad
Summary: This study investigated the use of a low-cost Fe-based residue as an oxygen carrier in the Chemical Looping Combustion (CLC) and Chemical Looping Reforming (CLR) processes with biogas. The results showed that the methane combustion efficiency in the CLC process was higher (around 86%) compared to other low-cost Fe-based materials. The dry reforming of biogas in the CLR process achieved about 55% methane conversion and a yield of 1.3 mol (CO + H2)/mol CH4 for syngas production.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Margarita de las Obras Loscertales, Alberto Abad, Francisco Garcia-Labiano, Juan A. C. Ruiz, Juan Adanez
Summary: The use of bio-ethanol in chemical looping combustion and reforming has the potential to produce energy and/or hydrogen, as well as remove CO2 from the atmosphere. This study examines the kinetics of ethanol conversion using a NiO-based material as the oxygen carrier. Experiment results suggest that ethanol decomposition products, rather than direct reduction with ethanol, are responsible for NiO reduction. The high temperature kinetics of ethanol conversion processes were determined, and a reaction pathway was proposed for detailed fuel reactor models.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Oscar Condori, Alberto Abad, Maria T. Izquierdo, Luis F. de Diego, Francisco Garcia-Labiano, Juan Adanez
Summary: In this study, the Biomass Chemical Looping Gasification (BCLG) process was evaluated using wheat straw pellets and ilmenite as the fuel feedstock and oxygen carrier respectively. The effect of different operational variables on process performance and syngas yield was analyzed, and no agglomeration issues were observed during the smooth operation of the CLG unit. The oxygen transference rate in the fuel reactor was found to be the main factor affecting syngas yield and cold gas efficiency.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Inaki Adanez-Rubio, Amirhossein Filsouf, Merve Durmaz, Teresa Mendiara, Pilar Gayan, Juan Adanez
Summary: This study focuses on testing a Cu-based oxygen carrier with enhanced mechanical properties due to the addition of kaolin in the combustion of different biomass types in a continuous CLOU unit. Complete combustion of the biomass types was achieved and higher CO2 capture efficiencies were observed at 800-950 degrees C compared to without kaolin doping. The oxygen carrier retained its magnetic properties without any agglomeration problems after 80 hours of hot circulation operation.
Correction
Chemistry, Applied
Jia Liu, Juntong Dong, Xiaodan Li, Teng Xu, Zhenguo Li, Jeffrey Dankwa Ampah, Mubasher Ikram, Shihai Zhang, Chao Jin, Zhenlong Geng, Tianyun Sun, Haifeng Liu
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Seba Alareeqi, Daniel Bahamon, Kyriaki Polychronopoulou, Lourdes F. Vega
Summary: This study explores the potential application of single-atom-alloy (SAA) catalysts in bio-oils hydrodeoxygenation refining using density functional theory (DFT) and microkinetic modeling. It establishes the relationships between stability, adsorptive properties, and activity structures for bio-oil derivatives, providing guidance for the synthesis of cost-effective SAA combinations.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Bin Hu, Wen -Ming Zhang, Xue-Wen Guo, Ji Liu, Xiao Yang, Qiang Lu
Summary: This study explored the pyrolysis behaviors and mechanisms of different monosaccharides, including arabinose, galactose, galacturonic acid, and glucuronic acid. The roles of structural differences in these monosaccharides were analyzed, and it was found that glucuronic acid undergoes a special C-C bond breaking reaction during pyrolysis. The findings provide a deep understanding of the pyrolysis chemistry of hemicellulose and the role of different branches.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Youwei Zhi, Donghai Xu, Guanyu Jiang, Wanpeng Yang, Zhilin Chen, Peigao Duan, Jie Zhang
Summary: Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is an effective method for the harmless disposal of municipal sludge (MS) and offers potential applications for the obtained products. Optimizing reaction conditions, coupling with other waste materials, and combining different processes can improve the performance of HTC. Furthermore, HTC contributes to energy recovery and enhances the quality of life cycle assessment.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Jia Wang, Jianchun Jiang, Dongxian Li, Xianzhi Meng, Arthur J. Ragauskas
Summary: This study presents a scalable process for converting holocellulose and cellulosic wastes into advanced oxygen-containing biofuels with high furan, cyclic ketone, and ethanol content. By combining hydropyrolysis and vapor-phase hydrodeoxygenation using Pd/Al2O3 as a catalyst, the researchers achieved high yields and conversions. The integrated process holds great promise for biomass waste conversion into advanced biofuels.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Florian Held, Jannis Reusch, Steffen Salenbauch, Christian Hasse
Summary: The accurate prediction and assessment of soot emissions in internal combustion engines are crucial for the development of sustainable powertrains. This study presents a detailed quadrature-based method of moments (QMOM) soot model coupled with a state-of-the-art flow solver for the simulation of gasoline engines. The model accurately describes the entire cause-and-effect chain of soot formation, growth and oxidation. Experimental validation and engine cycle simulations are used to identify the root cause of observed soot formation hotspots.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
