期刊
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
卷 166, 期 -, 页码 140-146出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.02.015
关键词
Intestinal stem cells; ROS; Metabolism; Drosophila; Mouse; Aging; Mitochondria
资金
- NIH [RO1 GM117412]
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) play critical signaling roles in the intestine, maintaining the regenerative capacity of Intestinal Stem Cells (ISCs). Declines in metabolic adaptations, through aging or pathology, result in reciprocal changes in ISC metabolism and ROS signaling, ultimately leading to aberrant ISC function and loss of tissue homeostasis.
Long dismissed as merely harmful respiratory by-products, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) have emerged as critical intracellular messengers during cell growth and differentiation. ROS?s signaling roles are particularly prominent within the intestine, whose high regenerative capacity is maintained by Intestinal Stem Cells (ISCs). In this review, we outline roles for ROS in ISCs as revealed by studies using Drosophila and mouse model systems. We focus particularly on recent studies highlighting how ROS ties to metabolic adaptations, which ensure energy supply matches demand during ISC activation and differentiation. We describe how declines in these adaptive mechanisms, through aging or pathology, promote reciprocal changes in ISC metabolism and ROS signaling. These changes ultimately contribute to aberrant ISC function, a loss of tissue homeostasis, and a shortened lifespan.
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