Article
Plant Sciences
Huiyan Sun, Ziye Wang, Rui Wang, Si Chen, Xinyu Ni, Fu Gao, Yazhao Zhang, Yiwei Xu, Xianxin Wu, Tianya Li
Summary: In this study, the presence of stem rust resistance genes in 65 commercial wheat cultivars from Hebei Province was determined using gene postulation, pedigree analysis, and molecular detection. The results revealed the presence of 6 Sr genes (Sr5, Sr17, Sr24, Sr31, Sr32, Sr38, and SrTmp) in 46 wheat cultivars, with Sr31 being the most common. This study is important for breeding wheat cultivars resistant to stem rust.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Neelu Jain, Aalok Shiv, Nivedita Sinha, P. K. Singh, Pramod Prasad, H. S. Balyan, P. K. Gupta
Summary: sRNA-seq and degradome analysis were performed to identify miRNAs and their target genes in two NILs with different leaf rust resistance gene Lr28. The study identified 506 known and 346 novel miRNAs, as well as 5054 target genes including in silico predicted and degradome-based genes using 105 differentially expressed miRNAs. Among the targets, 58 genes showed an inverse relationship with DE miRNAs. Eight conserved miRNA families induced in response to fungal diseases were identified. The study also suggested a complex interplay between miRNA genes, target genes, and epigenetic controls in regulating downstream disease resistance pathways.
FUNCTIONAL & INTEGRATIVE GENOMICS
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Anatolii Karelov, Natalia Kozub, Oksana Sozinova, Yaroslav Pirko, Igor Sozinov, Alla Yemets, Yaroslav Blume
Summary: This article outlines the different types of resistance against stem rust as well as the effective and noneffective genes, providing a brief overview of their origin and usage.
Article
Plant Sciences
Hongna Li, Lei Hua, Matthew N. Rouse, Tianya Li, Shuyong Pang, Shengsheng Bai, Tao Shen, Jing Luo, Hongyu Li, Wenjun Zhang, Xiaodong Wang, Jorge Dubcovsky, Shisheng Chen
Summary: In this study, a stem rust resistance gene SrKN was mapped and characterized from the durum wheat variety Kronos. The gene confers resistance to multiple virulent Pgt races and was mapped to chromosome 2B. Through a large mapping population, SrKN was located within a 0.29 cM region containing nucleotide binding leucine-repeat (NLR) genes that may include the candidate gene. An allelism test suggested that SrKN and the previously mapped Sr9e gene may represent the same gene. SrKN was introgressed into common wheat and completely linked markers were developed for accelerated deployment in wheat breeding programs.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Mohamed A. M. Atia, Eman A. El-Khateeb, Reem M. Abd El-Maksoud, Mohamed A. Abou-Zeid, Arwa Salah, Amal M. E. Abdel-Hamid
Summary: This study evaluated the leaf rust resistance of 50 Egyptian wheat varieties and identified 28 leaf rust resistance genes within the germplasm collections. Most varieties showed high to moderate levels of resistance, with some displaying fast rusting behavior. 21 out of 28 tested Lr genes were successfully identified, including only five genes conferring adult plant resistant or slow rusting behavior in the Egyptian collection.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qiujun Lin, Yue Gao, Xianxin Wu, Xinyu Ni, Rongzhen Chen, Yuanhu Xuan, Tianya Li
Summary: The study evaluated the resistance to three predominant races of wheat stem rust in 95 wheat advance lines from Heilongjiang Province, China. The results showed that 90.5% of the wheat lines had plant stage resistance to all three races. Molecular marker analysis indicated the presence of potential Sr2, Sr31, and Sr38 genes in some wheat lines, which could be used for further breeding programs.
Article
Plant Sciences
Fang Wang, Minghu Zhang, Yanling Hu, Meijuan Gan, Bo Jiang, Ming Hao, Shunzong Ning, Zhongwei Yuan, Xuejiao Chen, Xue Chen, Lianquan Zhang, Bihua Wu, Dengcai Liu, Lin Huang
Summary: This study investigated the combination of multiple resistance genes to increase the durability of wheat resistance to stripe rust. The results showed that a minimum of two-gene combinations can provide adequate resistance, and these combinations also showed resistance at the seedling stage.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hongna Li, Lei Hua, Shuqing Zhao, Ming Hao, Rui Song, Shuyong Pang, Yanna Liu, Hong Chen, Wenjun Zhang, Tao Shen, Jin-Ying Gou, Hailiang Mao, Guiping Wang, Xiaohua Hao, Jian Li, Baoxing Song, Caixia Lan, Zaifeng Li, Xing Wang Deng, Jorge Dubcovsky, Xiaodong Wang, Shisheng Chen
Summary: In this study, a new wheat leaf rust resistance gene Lr47 was identified, which was introgressed from Aegilops speltoides. The protein encoded by Lr47 contains a nucleotide-binding domain and a leucine-rich repeat domain, and it confers broad-spectrum resistance against leaf rust. Loss-of-function mutations and transgenic complementation experiments confirmed the function of Lr47. Additionally, a diagnostic molecular marker for Lr47 was developed to facilitate breeding selection.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Zennah C. Kosgey, Erena A. Edae, Ruth Dill-Macky, Yue Jin, Worku Denbel Bulbula, Ashenafi Gemechu, Godwin Macharia, Sridhar Bhavani, Mandeep S. Randhawa, Matthew N. Rouse
Summary: This study characterized the genetics of stem rust resistance in the spring wheat line CI 14275, identified three QTLs associated with field resistance to Pgt races, validated the QTL QSr.cdl-2BS.2 and its marker, and detected an adult plant stem rust resistance QTL on chromosome arm 2BS for the first time. The combination of field QTLs QSr.cdl-2BS.2, QSr.cdl-3B.2, and QSr.cdl-6A shows potential for wheat breeding to enhance stem rust resistance in wheat varieties.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Raghav Kataria, Rakesh Kaundal
Summary: In this study, the protein-protein interactions between two races of Puccinia graminis that cause stem rust in wheat were analyzed. Computational methods were used to predict these interactions, and functional analysis revealed significant differences between the two pathogen races. Important host and pathogen proteins were identified and their roles in plant defense were elucidated.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Daniela Marone, Elisabetta Mazzucotelli, Oadi Matny, Francesca Desiderio, Giuseppe Sciara, Marco Maccaferri, Ilaria Marcotuli, Agata Gadaleta, Brian Steffenson, Anna Maria Mastrangelo
Summary: Stem rust, caused by the fungus Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), is a devastating fungal disease affecting wheat worldwide. This study identified 14 QTLs associated with stem rust resistance in different segregating populations. The QTLs were found on chromosomes 3A, 4A, 6A, and 6B, some of which overlapped with previously identified resistance loci. Novel genes or alleles for stem rust resistance may be present on chromosomes 3A and 6B.
Article
Plant Sciences
Brent D. McCallum, Colin W. Hiebert
Summary: The wheat multi-pest resistance genes Lr67 and Lr34 have similar effects on disease resistance and can interact with other resistance genes to enhance the overall resistance level. While Lr67 is not widely used in agriculture, it has the potential to play an important role in future wheat breeding.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Irfat Jan, Gautam Saripalli, Kuldeep Kumar, Anuj Kumar, Rakhi Singh, Ritu Batra, Pradeep Kumar Sharma, Harindra Singh Balyan, Pushpendra Kumar Gupta
Summary: Meta-QTL analysis was performed using 353 QTLs in bread wheat, resulting in identification of 61 MQTLs carrying 37 Yr genes and 385 candidate genes. Among these candidate genes, 241 encoded known R proteins, with 120 showing differential expression in response to stripe rust infection.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Alibek Zatybekov, Yuliya Genievskaya, Aralbek Rsaliyev, Akerke Maulenbay, Gulbahar Yskakova, Timur Savin, Yerlan Turuspekov, Saule Abugalieva
Summary: Leaf rust and stem rust pose a serious threat to bread wheat production in Kazakhstan. Developing new rust-resistant cultivars is a priority in local breeding projects. In this study, a genome-wide association study was conducted to identify genetic factors controlling resistance in bread wheat at the seedling stage. Eleven quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified, with two being novel. Five previously reported QTLs associated with yield components were also found. These findings are important for improving bread wheat resistance to rusts.
Article
Agronomy
Bowei Ye, Ravi P. Singh, Chan Yuan, Demei Liu, Mandeep S. Randhawa, Julio Huerta-Espino, Sridhar Bhavani, Evans Lagudah, Caixia Lan
Summary: This study determined the genetic basis of resistance to leaf rust (LR) and stripe rust (YR) in wheat variety Borlaug 100. Multiple resistance genes were found to significantly affect the severity of the diseases, and their additive and interactive effects were observed. The results provide resistance sources for wheat breeding programs.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Alexey Morgounov, Timur Savin, Paulina Flis, Adylkhan Babkenov, Vladimir Chudinov, Anastasiya Kazak, Hamit Koksel, Ivan Likhenko, Ram Sharma, Tatyana Shelaeva, Sergey Shepelev, Ekaterina Shreyder, Vladimir Shamanin
Summary: The Kazakhstan-Siberian Network on Spring Wheat Improvement brought together 18 research and breeding programs for spring wheat. By analyzing grain ionomics, the study evaluated the impact of environment and genotype on elemental composition and proposed a method to enhance important mineral concentrations in grain. The results showed that the impact of site on element variation was greater than that of genotype, and protein content was positively correlated with multiple elements. The identification of high-quality genotypes contributes to improving the nutritional profile of grain.
CROP & PASTURE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Sergey Shepelev, Alexey Morgounov, Paulina Flis, Hamit Koksel, Huihui Li, Timur Savin, Ram Sharma, Jingxin Wang, Vladimir Shamanin
Summary: This study evaluated the variation of macro- and microelements and trace metals in different genetic resource groups of wheat. It identified traits that were relatively easy or difficult to enhance genetically and observed higher concentrations of certain elements in specific genetic resources. Additionally, superior germplasm with high macro- and microelement concentrations was found in all groups.
Article
Microbiology
Tugba Bozoglu, Sibel Dervis, Mustafa Imren, Mohammed Amer, Fatih ozdemir, Timothy C. Paulitz, Alexey Morgounov, Abdelfattah A. Dababat, Goksel Ozer
Summary: This study investigated the distribution of pathogenic fungi associated with wheat root and crown rot in Kazakhstan. The most predominant fungal species isolated were Bipolaris sorokiniana and Fusarium acuminatum. The study also identified F. pseudograminearum, Fusarium sp., C. spicifera, and C. inaequalis as pathogens on wheat in Kazakhstan for the first time.
Article
Agronomy
Salah-Eddine Laasli, Mustafa Imren, Goksel Ozer, Fouad Mokrini, Rachid Lahlali, Wim Bert, Alexey Morgounov, Gul Erginbas-Orakci, Abdelfattah A. Dababat
Summary: The root-lesion nematode and the crown rot fungus cause significant damage to grain crops and pose challenges to breeding programs. This study identified resistant wheat lines to both pathogens, providing valuable insights for improving resistance and selecting promising germplasm.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexandros G. Sotiropoulos, Epifania Arango-Isaza, Tomohiro Ban, Chiara Barbieri, Salim Bourras, Christina Cowger, Roi Ben-David, Amos Dinoor, Simon R. Ellwood, Johannes Graf, Koichi Hatta, Marcelo Helguera, Javier Sanchez-Martin, Bruce A. McDonald, Alexey Morgounov, Marion C. Muller, Vladimir Shamanin, Kentaro K. Shimizu, Taiki Yoshihira, Helen Zbinden, Beat Keller, Thomas Wicker
Summary: By analyzing a global sample of mildew genomes, researchers found evidence that humans have driven the global spread of wheat powdery mildew disease throughout history, and that the disease has rapidly evolved through hybridization with local fungal strains.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Tim Kloppe, Willem Boshoff, Zacharias Pretorius, Driecus Lesch, Beyhan Akin, Alexey Morgounov, Vladimir Shamanin, Paulo Kuhnem, Paul Murphy, Christina Cowger
Summary: This study investigated the virulence changes of powdery mildew on wheat in different countries and found that many Pm genes have lost effectiveness, with Brazilian isolates showing higher complexity of virulence. Certain high virulence frequencies were linked to specific Pm gene deployments. The isolate collections from Egypt and Turkey identified recently introgressed Pm genes as potential sources of resistance in wheat breeding for other regions.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Babar Hussain, Bala A. Akpinar, Michael Alaux, Ahmed M. Algharib, Deepmala Sehgal, Zulfiqar Ali, Gudbjorg I. Aradottir, Jacqueline Batley, Arnaud Bellec, Alison R. Bentley, Halise B. Cagirici, Luigi Cattivelli, Fred Choulet, James Cockram, Francesca Desiderio, Pierre Devaux, Munevver Dogramaci, Gabriel Dorado, Susanne Dreisigacker, David Edwards, Khaoula El-Hassouni, Kellye Eversole, Tzion Fahima, Melania Figueroa, Sergio Galvez, Kulvinder S. Gill, Liubov Govta, Alvina Gul, Goetz Hensel, Pilar Hernandez, Leonardo Abdiel Crespo-Herrera, Amir Ibrahim, Benjamin Kilian, Viktor Korzun, Tamar Krugman, Yinghui Li, Shuyu Liu, Amer F. Mahmoud, Alexey Morgounov, Tugdem Muslu, Faiza Naseer, Frank Ordon, Etienne Paux, Dragan Perovic, Gadi V. P. Reddy, Jochen Christoph Reif, Matthew Reynolds, Rajib Roychowdhury, Jackie Rudd, Taner Z. Sen, Sivakumar Sukumaran, Bahar Sogutmaz Ozdemir, Vijay Kumar Tiwari, Naimat Ullah, Turgay Unver, Selami Yazar, Rudi Appels, Hikmet Budak
Summary: Recent technological advances in next-generation sequencing have made DNA sequencing more accessible for species with large and complex genomes, including bread wheat. Despite its importance as a food crop, breeding in bread wheat has been limited by its large polyploid genome. However, after years of effort, draft and reference genome sequences of bread wheat have been released, providing valuable resources for breeding. These advances have also facilitated the use of genotyping arrays in wheat breeding, allowing for fast and reliable characterization of wheat lines. Additionally, gene-editing and genomic selection methods have shown promise in improving important traits in wheat breeding.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Vladimir P. Shamanin, Zeynep H. Tekin-Cakmak, Elena I. Gordeeva, Salih Karasu, Inna Pototskaya, Alexandr S. Chursin, Violetta E. Pozherukova, Gorkem Ozulku, Alexey I. Morgounov, Osman Sagdic, Hamit Koksel
Summary: This study investigated the phenolic content, compositions, and antioxidant capacity of 40 purple wheat genotypes. The results showed that purple wheat samples have high levels of phenolic compounds and antioxidant potential, suggesting that consuming purple wheat-containing foods may provide health benefits.
Article
Plant Sciences
Alexey Morgounov, Huihui Li, Sergey Shepelev, Mohsin Ali, Paulina Flis, Hamit Koksel, Timur Savin, Vladimir Shamanin
Summary: This study presents a comprehensive investigation of the genomic regions governing grain micro- and macroelement concentrations in a panel of diverse wheat accessions. Through genome-wide association study, marker-element associations were identified for multiple elements, and potential candidate genes related to disease, metal transportation, and metabolism were identified. These findings could be used for further validation and marker-assisted breeding to improve nutrient element concentrations in wheat grain.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
I. Pototskaya, V. P. Shamanin, A. N. Aydarov, A. Morgounov
Summary: Wheatgrass is a versatile crop with great potential, but breeding programs for domestication of perennial crops in Russia are limited. By using traditional and modern breeding methods, the yield and efficiency of wheatgrass can be enhanced.
VAVILOVSKII ZHURNAL GENETIKI I SELEKTSII
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Amira M. I. Mourad, Alexey Morgounov, P. Stephen Baenziger, Samar M. Esmail
Summary: Common bunt is a major wheat disease that causes significant damage to grain yield and quality in the USA and Turkey. Although seed treatment with fungicides is an effective control method, it is forbidden in organic and low-income fields, leading to a preference for planting resistant cultivars. The use of fungicides has resulted in limited efforts to breed resistant genotypes, and the genetic diversity for this trait is low in modern wheat germplasm. However, synthetic wheat genotypes have been found to be an effective source of increasing diversity in wheat germplasm.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Buket Cetiner, Vladimir P. Shamanin, Zeynep H. Tekin-Cakmak, Inna V. Pototskaya, Filiz Koksel, Sergey S. Shepelev, Amanzhol N. Aydarov, Bayram Ozdemir, Alexey I. Morgounov, Hamit Koksel
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the potential of intermediate wheatgrass as a novel ingredient in breadmaking. The results showed that the addition of intermediate wheatgrass significantly affected the gluten content and quality, as well as the characteristics of the bread. The bread volume was highest and firmness was lowest with 15% substitution of intermediate wheatgrass.
Article
Plant Sciences
Akerke Amalova, Kanat Yermekbayev, Simon Griffiths, Mark Owen Winfield, Alexey Morgounov, Saule Abugalieva, Yerlan Turuspekov
Summary: In this study, 115 modern winter wheat cultivars from Central Asian countries were analyzed and compared with germplasms from other regions. The results showed that samples from Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan grouped with samples from Russia, while samples from Tajikistan and Uzbekistan grouped with samples from Afghanistan. The genetic diversity index of Central Asian wheat was comparable to that of other regions studied. The SNP markers identified in Central Asian wheat can be used in breeding projects to enhance plant adaptation and stress resistance.
Article
Plant Sciences
Vladimir P. Shamanin, Zeynep H. Tekin-Cakmak, Salih Karasu, Inna V. Pototskaya, Sergey S. Shepelev, Alexandr S. Chursin, Alexey I. Morgounov, Osman Sagdic, Hamit Koksel
Summary: This study analyzed and compared 21 synthetic hexaploid wheat samples for phenolic content, phenolic compositions, and antioxidant activity. The aim was to determine the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of synthetic wheat lines developed from Ae. Tauschii for breeding programs. The results showed that synthetic hexaploid wheat samples are valuable resources for developing new wheat varieties with higher concentrations and better compositions of health-beneficial phytochemicals.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Hamit Koksel, Buket Cetiner, Vladimir P. Shamanin, Z. Hazal Tekin-Cakmak, Inna V. Pototskaya, Kevser Kahraman, Osman Sagdic, Alexey I. Morgounov
Summary: This study investigated the quality and nutritional properties of breads made from whole wheat flours of colored wheats. The results showed that bread made from blue-colored wheat had better characteristics such as volume, appearance, and softness. Purple-colored wheat exhibited higher total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity. Red and white wheat fell between the two.
