期刊
CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
卷 33, 期 8, 页码 2726-2741出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c02682
关键词
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资金
- National Science Foundation's (NSF) MRSEC program at the Materials Research Center of Northwestern University [DMR-1720139]
- Soft and Hybrid Nanotechnology Experimental (SHyNE) Resource [NSF ECCS-1542205]
- MRSEC program [NSF DMR-1720139]
- International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN)
- Keck Foundation
- State of Illinois, through the IIN
- Office of the Provost
- Office for Research
- Northwestern University Information Technology
- National Science Foundation [ACI-1548562]
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
Hydrothermal synthesis is a key method for promoting the formation of targeted products by controlling solvent properties, temperature, and pressure. This study utilized first-principles thermodynamic models to design high-yield complex bismuth oxychalcogenides. By calculating stability diagrams and analyzing reaction driving forces, successful synthesis of the desired products was guided effectively.
Hydrothermal synthesis exploits solvent properties, temperature, and pressure to control reaction equilibrium among heterogeneous phases to promote the formation of targeted products, often single-anion-based ceramics (homoanionic materials). Heteroanionic materials with more than one anion present greater phase competition in the hydrothermal medium, making it more challenging to ascertain optimal processing variables. Here, we present a series of hydrothermal syntheses informed by firstprinciples thermodynamic models, which account for synthesis conditions (reagent concentration, pH, and temperature), and achieve four complex bismuth oxychalcogenides, BiMOQ (M = Cu, Ag; Q = S, Se) in high yield. Our computation-prior-toexperimentation procedure utilizes single-element and multielement electrochemical (pH-potential) diagrams computed using density functional theory at (non)standard states. We construct stability diagrams to identify the optimal synthesis conditions for the formation of thermodynamically stable phases by requiring product yields of >90% on the stability diagrams. Furthermore, we calculate the most likely byproducts to occur in each system by analyzing reaction driving forces. Last, we synthesize the oxychalcogenides guided by these hydrothermal processing conditions and explain their yield successes based on materials-chemistry differences. Our work provides a strategy to understand, accelerate, and devise de novo hydrothermal syntheses of heteroanionic and chemically complex materials by design prior to experimentation.
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