Review
Environmental Sciences
Anton M. Hengst, William Armstrong, Brianna Rick, Daniel McGrath
Summary: Ice-marginal lakes in south-central Alaska exhibit physically-meaningful short-term area variability, with short-term fluctuations responsible for approximately 33% of observed area change in the median ice-marginal lake. The cause of these variations is not of glacial origin, as the magnitude of short-term area variability is similar for ice-marginal and non-glacial lakes. Attention to sub-annual behavior of ice-marginal lakes is encouraged even in long-term studies for a better understanding of their dynamics.
Article
Environmental Sciences
J. D. Patriarche, J. C. Priscu, C. Takacs-Vesbach, L. Winslow, K. F. Myers, H. Buelow, R. M. Morgan-Kiss, P. T. Doran
Summary: Lake Bonney in East Antarctica's McMurdo Dry Valleys serves as a year-round refuge for life adapted to extreme conditions. Changes in phytoplankton communities in the lake were observed following a rapid rise in lake level during the summer of 2010-2011, with an increase in depth-integrated chlorophyll a levels linked to photoautotrophic green algae stimulation. Peaks in chlorophyll a during the polar night were associated with an increase in mixotrophic haptophytes and cryptophytes, revealing differential competitive dynamics among phytoplankton groups with varying trophic abilities over seasonal and long-term time scales.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Kunyang Zhang, Yi Luo, Yan Han
Summary: Approximately one-third of global food supply is lost or wasted each year. This study examines the impact of famine experiences on variations in harvest losses across age cohorts, using survey data from 3538 farming households in 28 provinces. The results suggest that farmers who have experienced extreme famine have a deeper memory of the event, which subsequently helps them reduce harvest losses. Additionally, the severity of famine experienced in early life is found to be negatively associated with harvest losses, especially for those who were adolescents during the famine.
Article
Remote Sensing
Kirsikka Heinila, Olli-Pekka Mattila, Sari Metsamaki, Sakari Vakeva, Kari Luojus, Gabriele Schwaizer, Sampsa Koponen
Summary: Seasonal lake ice is a sensitive indicator of climate warming, with impacts on lake ice phenology in northern latitudes. A new method, ICEmod, using optical satellite data was developed for accessing lake ice extent, providing high accuracy with the capability to distinguish between ice cover, open water, and clouds. The method has been applied to provide lake ice data for the Northern Hemisphere, showing promising results compared to existing products.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Song Shu, Hongxing Liu, Richard A. Beck, Frederic Frappart, Johanna Korhonen, Minxuan Lan, Min Xu, Bo Yang, Yan Huang
Summary: A total of 13 satellite missions with radar altimeters have been launched since 1985. This study evaluates the performance of different retracking algorithms on lake water level estimates and finds that model-free retracking algorithms outperform model-based retracking algorithms. Sentinel-3 and SARAL provide the best results among the satellite altimetry missions. The best strategy for constructing long-term lake water level records is a two-step bias correction and normalization procedure, using a consistent TOPEX/Poseidon-Jason series as a reference.
HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Pinki Malik, Varun Gupta, Hari Krishna Mishra, Ajay Kumar, Dipankar Mandal
Summary: Ferroelectric delta-phase polyvinylidene fluoride (delta-PVDF) thin films were prepared through spin-coating, annealing, and ice quenching without the need for high electric fields. The ferroelectric responses of the delta-PVDF thin film, including write, erase, and read pulses, were demonstrated using piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM). A metal-ferroelectric-insulator-semiconductor (MFIS) diode containing delta-PVDF showed a significant hysteresis in capacitance-voltage (C-V) with a memory window of 7.5 V at a temperature of 140 degrees C, surpassing the lower fatigue temperatures of P(VDF-TrFE) co-polymer limited by Curie transition. The delta-PVDF thin film exhibited excellent ferroelectric response and retention behavior, providing new opportunities for high-endurance non-volatile memories.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yuhao Wu, Claude R. Duguay, Linlin Xu
Summary: This research evaluated the capability of four machine learning classifiers for mapping lake ice cover, water and cloud cover using MODIS satellite data. Random forest (RF) and gradient boosting trees (GBT) offered the most robust spatial transferability over 17 lakes and consistently performed well across ice seasons. RF was relatively insensitive to the choice of hyperparameters compared to the other three classifiers.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Fu Zhao, Xi Liang, Zhongxiang Tian, Chengyan Liu, Xichen Li, Yun Yang, Ming Li, Na Liu
Summary: The response of Antarctic sea ice to the long-term trend of local atmospheric forcing shows significant spatial variabilities. The sea ice area and volume decrease in the Weddell Sea and increase in the Ross Sea, while in the Amundsen-Bellingshausen Seas sector, the sea ice area decreases from December to June and increases from July to November, with a decrease in sea ice volume throughout the year. In the Indian-Western Pacific Oceans sector, the sea ice area decreases from January to May and increases from June to December, with an increase in sea ice volume throughout the year.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Samuel E. Tuttle, Steven R. Roof, Michael J. Retelle, Alan Werner, Grant E. Gunn, Erin L. Bunting
Summary: Arctic lakes' ice phenology, specifically the timing and duration of ice presence and absence, can serve as a climate indicator, and satellite observations are accurate in measuring this phenomenon. The study of Linnevatnet lake on Svalbard supports a decrease in the annual duration of lake ice cover in this area.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Fang Li, Mikko Suominen, Liangliang Lu, Pentti Kujala, Rocky Taylor
Summary: This paper discusses the probabilistic approach for long-term estimation of ice loads on the hull of ships, introducing a new model and ice condition parameter to enhance the existing method. The theoretical research is effectively combined with practical application in this study.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chenfu Huang, Longhuan Zhu, Gangfeng Ma, Guy A. Meadows, Pengfei Xue
Summary: The study utilized a high-resolution SWAN model to analyze long-term wave climate change in Lake Michigan from 1979 to 2020. Results showed no simple linear trend of significant wave height changes across most of the lake, with coherent patterns between wave climate and water levels.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhengchang Lei, Kristin Henderson, Krystyna Keleman
Summary: Learning enhances sleep, and a neural circuit in Drosophila mediates the learning-induced sleep, ensuring that only long or intense learning experiences are consolidated into long-term memory.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Tao Wang, Dong L. Wu, Jie Gong, Chenxi Wang
Summary: The study introduces the use of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder to build upper tropospheric partial ice water path product, which helps to address the issue of data discontinuity caused by CALIPSO orbit change.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Shijie Liu, Shu Su, Yuan Cheng, Xiaohua Tong, Rongxing Li
Summary: Long-term monitoring and comprehensive analysis of Pine Island Glacier Ice Shelf (PIGIS) reveal that the ice flow velocities have increased over time, with frequent calving events. These changes are highly correlated to variations in ocean water temperature. The destruction of shear margins and warming of bottom seawater are likely contributing factors to the accelerated disintegration of PIGIS. The instability of PIGIS is expected to persist.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Luigi Hinegk, Luca Adami, Guido Zolezzi, Marco Tubino
Summary: Water resources management can lead to significant changes in the natural regime of a lake, affecting both water levels and outflows. The study in Lake Garda, Italy, showed how operational rules and basin water needs can heavily impact the lake regime since regulation in 1951.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Wynne E. Moss, Travis McDevitt-Galles, Dana M. Calhoun, Pieter T. J. Johnson
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Chelsea L. Wood, Margaret Summerside, Pieter T. J. Johnson
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2020)
Review
Ecology
Andres Valenzuela-Sanchez, Mark Q. Wilber, Stefano Canessa, Leonardo D. Bacigalupe, Erin Muths, Benedikt R. Schmidt, Andrew A. Cunningham, Arpat Ozgul, Pieter T. J. Johnson, Hugo Cayuela
Summary: When facing an emerging infectious disease of conservation concern, limited information is available on host-parasite interactions, but integrating life-history theory into disease ecology can predict and mitigate the impact of infectious diseases on wildlife populations. Host life-history characteristics influence host responses to parasitism at different levels, from individuals to communities, and further research is needed to address knowledge gaps in this area. Theoretical insights from this integration can inform the monitoring and control of infectious diseases in wildlife.
Article
Ecology
Pieter Johnson, Dana M. Calhoun, Wynne E. Moss, Travis McDevitt-Galles, Tawni B. Riepe, Joshua M. Hallas, Thomas L. Parchman, Chris R. Feldman, Tyler J. Achatz, Vasyl V. Tkach, Josh Cropanzano, Jay Bowerman, Janet Koprivnikar
Summary: This study found that local adaptation of the trematode parasites to their amphibian hosts varied depending on the dispersal abilities of the parasites, with Paralechriorchis syntomentera being affected by geographic distance while Ribeiroia ondatrae was not. The differences in local adaptation corresponded to the genetic structure of the parasites, with P. syntomentera populations exhibiting greater genetic divergence compared to R. ondatrae populations.
JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Parasitology
Sean A. Locke, Fabiana B. Drago, Danimar Lopez-Hernandez, Fred D. Chibwana, Veronica Nunez, Alex Van Dam, Maria Fernanda Achinelly, Pieter T. J. Johnson, Jordana Costa Alves de Assis, Alan Lane de Melo, Hudson Alves Pinto
Summary: Molecular and morphological evidence show transcontinental distributions in two species of Apharyngostrigea Ciurea, 1924, with samples from Africa and the Americas. Sequences confirmed the presence of Apharyngostrigea pipientis in Tanzania, Argentina, Brazil, USA, and Canada, with hosts surveyed from various regions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Stefanie K. Johnson, Pieter T. J. Johnson
Summary: The interconnected nature of human, wildlife, and domestic animal infections highlights the importance of a broader ecological understanding for disease management. Toxoplasma gondii, a coccidian protozoan, infects a wide range of vertebrates and can have significant health consequences in humans, influencing behavior even in asymptomatic cases. The potential mechanisms through which infection may impact host behavior, such as brain inflammation or changes in hormones, are subject to intense study and debate.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANIMAL BIOSCIENCES, VOL 9, 2021
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Pieter Johnson, Sarah E. Haas
Summary: The study revealed an increase in parasite richness and abundance across 20 degrees of latitude, exhibiting a reverse latitudinal gradient. Parasite richness was positively correlated with wetland area, land-cover diversity, and waterbird richness, while negatively correlated with amphibian taxonomic richness.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY
(2021)
Article
Water Resources
Nels R. Bjarke, Ben Livneh, Sarah C. Elmendorf, Noah P. Molotch, Eve-Lyn S. Hinckley, Nancy C. Emery, Pieter T. J. Johnson, Jennifer F. Morse, Katherine N. Suding
Summary: The Niwot Ridge and Green Lakes Valley long-term ecological research site in the north-central Colorado Rocky Mountains has been collecting environmental observations since 1952, providing a wealth of data for hydrologic investigations. The research at NWT LTER aims to understand ecological responses to climate, nutrients, and water availability in high-mountain environments, with a focus on hydrologic connectivity and snow-albedo alteration experiments. The combination of observational and experimental datasets at NWT LTER lays a strong foundation for studying and predicting changes in catchment and local-scale processes.
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Brendan K. Hobart, Wynne E. Moss, Travis McDevitt-Galles, Tara E. Stewart Merrill, Pieter T. J. Johnson
Summary: Predation on parasites is a common interaction with multiple outcomes. The transmission mode of parasites affects predator-parasite interactions. Chaetogaster predation can either limit or increase snail infection by trematodes, depending on the transmission mode of the parasite.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Wynne E. Moss, Lynsey R. Harper, Mark A. Davis, Caren S. Goldberg, Matthew M. Smith, Pieter T. J. Johnson
Summary: Efficient and accurate biodiversity monitoring is necessary for globally imperiled taxa. Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis has the potential to enhance monitoring programs, but its benefits and limitations need to be understood. A comparative study evaluated the efficacy of two eDNA methodologies and conventional field sampling approaches in ponds containing six amphibian species. The results showed that both eDNA methods were competitive with or improved upon traditional methods. Further optimization and validation are needed for eDNA approaches to be effectively paired with visual encounter surveys for detecting terrestrial life stages.
Article
Ecology
Tara E. Stewart Merrill, Dana M. Calhoun, Pieter T. J. Johnson
Summary: Understanding the capacity of different species to support parasite transmission, known as "competence", is crucial for modeling transmission and testing diversity-disease theory. However, the factors that generate competence and drive its variation are not well understood. This study developed novel approaches to systematically quantify competence for a multi-host, multi-parasite community. The findings suggest that variation in competence is mainly driven by differences in barrier resistance and pre-transmission mortality, highlighting the importance of host resistance and parasite pathogenicity. Host species identity was found to be a strong predictor of competence variation. This study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms of infection and epidemiological patterns.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Caitlin L. Nordheim, Sarah E. Detmering, David J. Civitello, Pieter T. J. Johnson, Jason R. Rohr, Taegan A. McMahon
Summary: This study investigated whether Cuban treefrog tadpoles can gain protection from Bd through exposure to a prophylaxis treatment composed of killed zoospores or soluble Bd metabolites. The results showed that tadpoles exposed to Bd metabolites had significantly lower Bd intensity and prevalence. This research provides a promising strategy for protecting amphibians in the wild.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Parasitology
Dana M. Calhoun, Jamie Curtis, Clara Hassan, Pieter T. J. Johnson
Summary: The study examined the infection patterns of four trematodes within amphibian hosts, revealing differences in their primary locations and degree of specificity. The ability to measure fine-scale changes in parasite distributions has the potential to provide insight into ecological questions and disease control.
JOURNAL OF HELMINTHOLOGY
(2023)
