Effects of Rotifers Enriched With Different Enhancement Products on Larval Performance and Jaw Deformity of Golden Pompano Larvae Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus, 1758)

This study evaluated the effects of rotifers enriched with three enhancement products (Nannochloropsis, S.presso, and Algamac 3080) on the body fatty acid composition, growth, survival, jaw deformity, and bone development-related gene expression of the golden pompano larvae. The rotifers enriched with Nannochloropsis were rich in EPA, and the rotifers enriched with S.presso and Algamac 3080 were rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The level of DHA in Algamac 3080 is higher than that in S.presso. The first feeding started at 3 DPH, and data were collected at 8 DPH. The results showed that the body fatty acid composition of the larvae was basically the same as that of the feeding rotifers. The specific growth rate of S.presso and Algamac 3080 treatment was significantly higher than the un-enriched treatment (P < 0.05). The survival rate of Algamac 3080 treatment was significantly lower than the other treatments (P < 0.05), and the jaw deformity rate of S.presso treatment was significantly lower than the Nannochloropsis and un-enriched treatment (P < 0.05). The expression level of BMP2 and BMP4 in golden pompano larvae were not significantly affected by the enhancement products (P > 0.05), and the expression level of RXRa decreased significantly in the S.presso and Algamac 3080 treatment (P < 0.05). This study indicates that S.presso was an enhancement product more suitable for rotifers for golden pompano larvae. This study provided reliable reference and guidance for the first feeding of golden pompano larvae and also provided more reference data for the study of the mechanism of diet on larval fish bone deformity.

Automated summary

This study suggests that S.presso is a more suitable enhancement product for rotifers for golden pompano larvae. The specific growth rate of S.presso and Algamac 3080 treatments were significantly higher than the un-enriched treatment, with Algamac 3080 treatment showing significantly lower survival rates and S.presso treatment exhibiting lower jaw deformity rates compared to the other treatments.