Article
Engineering, Environmental
J. Qian, P. Riede, G. Abbt-Braun, J. Parniske, S. Metzger, T. Morck
Summary: In this study, the efficacy of Powdered Activated Carbon (PAC)-Activated Sludge (AS) treatment in removing organic micropollutants (OMPs) was investigated through batch and pilot plant experiments. The results showed that the treatment was capable of achieving a high removal efficiency for nine OMPs. Additionally, intermittent dosage of PAC was found to stably remove OMPs, suggesting potential cost savings in terms of investment and maintenance.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jingyu Zhang, Sijia Yu, Jingwei Wang, Zhi-Ping Zhao, Weiwei Cai
Summary: In this study, a novel process combining powered carbon (PC) and fluidized granular activated carbon (GAC) with ultrafiltration was proposed to achieve high effluent quality and reduce membrane fouling. It was found that fluidized spherical GAC (RGAC) was highly effective in reducing fouling associated with biochar, and the overall fouling rate of the system was even lower than that of a system using powdered activated carbon (PAC). The RGAC-biochar-UF system achieved similar effluent quality but better permeability compared to the RGAC-PAC-UF system, with a 20% cost savings, making it a promising water treatment system for large-scale applications.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Iwona Skoczko, Remigiusz Guminski, Ewelina Bos, Izabela Zglobicka
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of chemical and physical activation on powdered activated carbon (PAC) parameters and identified processes for stabilizing activated carbon features. The tests showed that combined physical and chemical activation significantly improved adsorption capabilities and changed the characteristics of the activated carbon. The best adsorption of NCBI dye with a positive charge was achieved at neutral pH, indicating the importance of pH on the adsorption efficiency.
DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zhiwei Zhou, Yanyan Yao, Yanling Yang, Xing Li, Jiawei Ren, Jiangwei Qin
Summary: The physicochemical properties of powdered activated carbon (PAC) are important factors affecting its adsorption performance. In this study, the physicochemical properties of PACs were modified by hydrogen peroxide and/or ultrasound to improve the adsorption performance. The results showed that PAC with larger mesoporous volume, average pore size, and abundant acid groups had good adsorption performance towards organic pollutants.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Giovanna Pagnozzi, Sean Carroll, Danny D. Reible, Kayleigh Millerick
Summary: This study demonstrates that PAC amendment enhances naphthalene biodegradation under sulfate-reducing conditions, while naphthalene decay in sand and media-free systems is not linked to biodegradation activity.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Maria Victoria X. Klaus, Angela M. Gutierrez, J. Zach Hilt
Summary: Acrylamide-based hydrogel composites with powdered activated carbon (PAC) were synthesized and characterized for their affinity towards PFAS. The composites exhibited high sorption capacities and removal efficiencies for PFAS, showing their potential as advanced materials for water treatment.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Melike Kozak, Kevser Cirik, Serden Basak
Summary: The study found that the AnMBBR and PAC-AeMBR systems showed high removal efficiency and stability. Limited aeration MBBR pretreatment reduced the frequency of membrane fouling in MBR, with AnMBBR showing high tolerance to oxygen.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Marco Gottardo, Giulia Adele Tuci, Aditi Chitharanjan Parmar, Paolo Pavan, Francesco Valentino
Summary: A pilot-scale system with three parallel plug flow reactors was used to treat tannery wastewaters using different dosages of powdered activated carbon (PAC) in the activated sludge process. The study found that only the highest dosage of PAC was able to effectively reduce the concentration of PFASs below the limit. The removal efficiency of COD and chromium was also significant, and the treated wastewaters showed reduced color. However, the use of PAC resulted in increased costs, highlighting the need for sustainable strategies for tannery sludge disposal.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Oluchi Okoro, Kim Lompe, Isabelle Papineau, Morgan Solliec, Louis Fradette, Benoit Barbeau
Summary: The study found that ballasted flocculation alone is not efficient for benzene removal and the addition of PAC is necessary. Simultaneous addition of PAC and coagulant reduced benzene concentration substantially, but could not meet the Canadian threshold concentration.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yanan Chen, Yunkun Qian, Jiaxin Ma, Mengjun Mao, Linping Qian, Dong An
Summary: This study systematically evaluated the concurrent adsorption of humic acid (HA) and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) by powdered activated carbon (PAC) in water. It was found that the presence of humic acid significantly enhanced the adsorption of both HA and Cr(VI). The promotion effect of humic acid on Cr(VI) removal was found to decrease with increasing pH. The cooperative adsorption mechanism was attributed to the formation of Cr(VI)-HA and Cr(III)-HA complexes that were readily adsorbed on the PAC surfaces.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Salahaldin M. A. Abuabdou, Zeeshan Haider Jaffari, Choon-Aun Ng, Yeek-Chia Ho, Mohammed J. K. Bashir
Summary: The study optimized a thin membrane synthesized using powdered activated carbon through response surface methodology, which effectively filtered stabilized landfill leachate, removing COD, color, and NH3-N. The membrane design enhanced water flux and transmembrane pressure, and although results were limited, potential improvements could be made by adding a hydrophilic additive.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Semra Bakkaloglu, Mahmut Ersan, Tanju Karan, G. Onur Apul
Summary: The study found that superfine pulverization can improve the adsorption kinetics of activated carbon, especially for short contact times, although the dissolved organic carbon concentration has a negative impact on the adsorption efficiency.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zheng-Xiong Zheng, Yi-Li Lin, Ruo-Fan Fang, Xiao-Yang Zhou, Zhi Liu, Zheng-Yu Dong, Tian-Yang Zhang, Bin Xu
Summary: This study investigated the combination sequence and time interval of chlorination and PAC adsorption in order to control algae inactivation, algogenic odor removal, and DBP formation. The results showed that pre-chlorination/post-PAC had the highest algae removal efficiency and slight effect on DBP removal. The time interval between chlorination and PAC adsorption had a significant impact on algae and odor compound control.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jun Li, Liqiang Zhang, Xiqiang Zhao, Mengze Zhang, Tai Feng, Binxuan Zhou, Tao Wang, Zhanlong Song, Chunyuan Ma
Summary: This study clarifies the effect of regeneration temperature on the physicochemical properties of activated coke and secondary SO2 removal performance, as well as explores the mechanism by which the circulating adsorbent is deactivated. The experimental results show that the physicochemical properties of powdered activated coke are significantly affected by the regeneration temperature, highlighting the importance of controlling this parameter to ensure efficient desulfurization.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jingyi Sun, Zhonglin Chen, Shan Liu, Jing Kang, Binyuan Wang, Jimin Shen, Shengxin Zhao, Xueyan Li, Zilong Song, Zhe Wang
Summary: A novel carbon-cementitious microfiltration membrane (CCM) was fabricated to enhance the mechanical strength and stability of cementitious membrane (CM) during practical uses. The CCM exhibited better adsorption properties than CM in water treatment process, specifically for benzophenone-4, nitrobenzene, and p-chloronitrobenzene. These results expand the application scope of microfiltration membranes.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Alexander John, Adam Brookes, Irene Carra, Bruce Jefferson, Peter Jarvis
Summary: This review compares the use of microbubbles with conventional bubbles in the ozonation process. Microbubbles have a larger interfacial area and lower rise velocity, allowing for more efficient transfer of ozone into the liquid phase. Microbubbles have shown to oxidize organic compounds more quickly and enhance mass transfer. However, fair and consistent experimental comparisons between microbubbles and conventional bubbles are needed.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Irene Carra, Javier Fernandez Lozano, Scott Johannesen, Max Godart-Brown, Emma H. Goslan, Peter Jarvis, Simon Judd
Summary: This study compared the impact of different unit processes on disinfection by-product formation potential, showing that organic molecular weight and bromide concentration have significant effects on the results. LC-OCD analysis can predict DBP formation with reasonable accuracy, offering potential for rapid risk assessment of water sources.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Wei Fan, Jingyu Cui, Qi Li, Yang Huo, Dan Xiao, Xia Yang, Hongbin Yu, Chunliang Wang, Peter Jarvis, Tao Lyu, Mingxin Huo
Summary: The novel visible light photocatalytic water disinfection technology coupled with micro/nano bubbles (MNBs) demonstrated superior efficiency in inactivating bacterial spores. Reactive species such as H2O2 and center dot OH were identified as the primary active species responsible for spore inactivation. The mechanism of MNB technology enhancing photocatalytic reaction was also explored, providing new insights for advanced water treatment.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Lucie Pidoux, Holly Shorney-Darby, Elisabeth Vaudevire, Bram Martijn, Peter Jarvis, Irene Carra
Summary: Reducing regeneration frequency allows for the reuse of ion exchange resin and reduces the generation of brine and waste. The study suggests that both electrostatic interactions and admicelle formation are separation mechanisms. However, repeated use of the resin leads to changes in resin loading and increased risk of corrosion. Reusing the bicarbonate-form resin every 5 cycles achieves the most sustainable option.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Javier Fernandez, Peter Jarvis, Adam Brookes, Stuart Knott, Irene Carra
Summary: Ion exchange with bicarbonate has been found to be an efficient alternative for removing organic matter compared to traditional chloride. Both resins showed around 50% DOC removal with slight advantages in organic matter removal efficiency for bicarbonate resin. However, the formation potentials of disinfection by-products were not impacted by the choice of resin.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Alexander John, Irene Carra, Bruce Jefferson, Monika Jodkowska, Adam Brookes, Peter Jarvis
Summary: The application of microbubbles in water treatment has shown to enhance gas-liquid contacting processes and compound removal compared to conventional bubbling techniques. However, this study found that there was no significant difference in hydroxyl radical generation between microbubble and conventional bubble ozonation systems.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Stephanie Cosgrove, Bruce Jefferson, Peter Jarvis
Summary: This research explores the potential of using activated carbon fabric as a sorbent material to remove pesticides from agricultural run-off, and provides evidence that it can effectively reduce the pollution of water sources used for drinking.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ryan Cheswick, Andreas Nocker, Graeme Moore, Bruce Jefferson, Peter Jarvis
Summary: This study installed a pilot scale chlorine contact tank with flexible baffling at a water treatment plant and used flow cytometry for direct microbial monitoring. The influence of disinfection variables on efficacy were explored through tracer testing. The study highlights the importance of well-designed and operated chlorine contact tanks, and the potential of flow cytometry for improved process control.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
V. M. Castro-Gutierrez, L. Pickering, J. C. Cambronero-Heinrichs, B. Holden, J. Haley, P. Jarvis, B. Jefferson, T. Helgason, J. W. Moir, F. Hassard
Summary: This study demonstrates the successful removal of the adsorption-resistant pesticide metaldehyde from a real water matrix in upscaled systems through bioaugmentation. The strain Sphingobium CMET-H showed high removal efficiency and persistent activity, making bioaugmentation an efficient strategy to manage peak concentrations of metaldehyde in drinking water purification.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
P. Jarvis, I. Carra, M. Jafari, S. J. Judd
Summary: This paper evaluates the technical, practical, and economic merits of ceramic membranes and polymeric membranes in producing drinking water from surface water sources. It found that ceramic membranes have advantages in terms of economic efficiency and durability.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Wei Fan, Yuhang Li, Tao Lyu, Jia'ao Yu, Zhen Chen, Peter Jarvis, Yang Huo, Dan Xiao, Mingxin Huo
Summary: Bubble aeration is widely used in water/wastewater treatment, but it consumes a lot of energy due to its low gas utilization rate. The application of micro-nanobubbles (MNB) can significantly increase gas utilization by increasing the relative surface area and gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency. In this study, a dynamic model was developed to describe the bubble behavior in water and provide guidance for upgrading bubble aeration system. The model was validated with experimental data for microbubbles, but further study is needed for nanobubble aeration.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bangguo Wang, Lijing Wang, Wenxi Cen, Tao Lyu, Peter Jarvis, Yang Zhang, Yuanxun Zhang, Yinghui Han, Lei Wang, Gang Pan, Kaili Zhang, Wei Fan
Summary: This study investigates the feasibility and mechanisms of a chemical-free nanobubble-based AOP for treating organic micropollutants in water. The results show that the oxygen nanobubble AOP has a significantly higher removal efficiency compared to air and nitrogen nanobubbles. The treatment performance is not affected by pH and the presence of ions. Higher initial concentrations of the micropollutant lead to slower treatment processes, but similar removal performance is achieved in the end. The presence of organic matter reduces the removal rate of the micropollutant. The results have practical feasibility for water and wastewater treatment.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Peter Jarvis, John Fawell
Summary: This review discusses the issue of lead in drinking water globally, emphasizing the impact of human exposure to lead on health, and proposes recommendations for achieving zero lead in drinking water, including improving monitoring and modeling, widespread use of point of use devices, and replacement of lead pipes and plumbing through regulations.
CURRENT OPINION IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Francisco de Borja Ojembarrena, Elena Fuente, Angeles Blanco, Carlos Negro
Summary: Accumulation of Cr(VI) in industrial fiber cement process water can affect product quality and health, and it needs to be removed to avoid environmental risks. The study found that cationic cellulose nanocrystals (CCNCs) have higher adsorption efficiency and lower cost compared to conventional adsorbents.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Shentan Liu, Yangchen Zhang, Xiaojuan Feng, Sang-Hyun Pyo
Summary: This paper summarizes the common problems of constructed wetlands (CWs) and proposes corresponding optimized solutions, including thermal insulation and additional aeration in cold climates, choosing suitable plant species and planting patterns to enhance phytoremediation in CWs, using various methods to monitor and evaluate CW clogging, implementing anti-clogging measures, controlling greenhouse gas emissions during CW treatment, constructing and utilizing CW databases, designing appropriate CW types, and implementing strict technical management and supervision.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Norzila Mohd, Nazlina Haiza Mohd Yasin, Wan Hasnidah Wan Osman, Mohd Sobri Takriff
Summary: This study demonstrates that Chlamydomonas sp. is effective in removing nutrients from palm oil mill effluent and shows particular efficiency in the removal of ammonium and phosphate.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Mingzhen Zhang, Guijian Liu, Ruijia Liu, Jinzhao Xu, Wen Si, Yong Wei
Summary: Tieguanyin tea stem was used to synthesize modified biochar for the adsorption of copper and zinc. Among the modified biochar, Fe-BCs had the highest adsorption capacity, with Fe-BC650 being the best adsorbent. It reached adsorption equilibrium in 1 minute and had a maximum adsorption capacity of 303.5996 mg/g for Cu (II) and 254.0711 mg/g for Zn (II) in single-metal solutions. However, there were antagonistic impacts between Cu2+ and Zn2+.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Lingling Zhao, Qiaoshu Zhou, Yun Yang, Yuan Zhang, Yewei Qiu, Yanjun Chen, Xian Jin, Xiangjun Yang, Shixiong Wang
Summary: This research presents a method for selectively recovering gold from e-waste water using metal sulfides microspheres prepared by hydrothermal technique. The results show that the assistance of visible light significantly improves the gold adsorption performance of metal sulfides. The metal sulfides exhibit excellent gold adsorption properties, high selectivity, ultra-high adsorption capacity, and good recyclability.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Laishram Saya, W. Rameshwor Singh, Sunita Hooda
Summary: Organic-inorganic nanoblends, such as polysaccharide-blended-inorganic ones, have versatile applications and have gained significant research attention. In this study, a magnetic guar gum/graphene oxide nanocomposite blended with CuO was successfully prepared and investigated for its adsorption capacity for ciprofloxacin removal. The results showed that the nanocomposite exhibited excellent adsorption capacity and the adsorption process was spontaneous.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Umit Ecer, Sakir Yilmaz
Summary: A novel and effective catalyst Co@MIL-68(Fe)@Fe3O4@CM-BC was synthesized and used for the catalytic reduction of crystal violet in aqueous environments. The catalyst showed high efficiency in degrading crystal violet under specific conditions, and exhibited good regeneration performance.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Chi Zhang, Miao Zhang, Haohan Yang, Wei Cai, Jun Wu
Summary: Enhancing the bioaugmentation of common nitrifiers in the partial nitrification/anammox process can decrease the activity of nitrite oxidizing bacteria and increase the activity of anammox bacteria, leading to improved total nitrogen removal efficiency.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Runzhang Zuo, Dajun Ren, Yangfan Deng, Canhui Song, Yubin Yu, Xiejuan Lu, Feixiang Zan, Xiaohui Wu
Summary: This study found that fine bubble aeration in membrane bioreactors (MBR) can better control membrane fouling and reduce energy consumption. However, compared to fine bubble aeration, coarse bubble aeration released more proteins and polysaccharides, resulting in a decrease in functional bacteria and enzymes involved in nitrogen and phosphorus pathways.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ch Tahir Mehmood, Jiekai Dai, Hanjun Zhao, Ziyi Zhong
Summary: Wirelessly powered photocatalyst-coated spheres (WPS) have been developed and demonstrated for various applications, including photodegradation and fouling control. These WPS are cost-effective, easy to fabricate, and have excellent visible light sources, making them suitable as carriers for photocatalysts.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yifan Wang, Xiaoxuan Kang, Yuting Li, Ruyi Li, Chang Wu, Luyao Wang, Chongqing Wang, Tao Yang, Ming Ge, Zhangxing He
Summary: Cobalt/carbon nanofibers (Co/CNF) were prepared and exhibited excellent catalytic activity in the degradation of tetracycline by activating peroxodisulfate (PDS). The effects of process parameters on tetracycline removal were studied, and the reaction mechanism was confirmed through experiments.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ting Wei, Yaqian Zhao, Jia Guo, Bin Ji, Alvaro Pun Garcia, Abraham Esteve Nunez
Summary: This study developed a novel lightweight substrate (Al-NLS) composed of aluminum sludge and polyurethane, and investigated its effectiveness in constructed wetlands (CWs). Results showed that Al-NLS had favorable adsorption capacities for phosphorus and removal efficiencies for pollutants in real domestic wastewater. It also positively influenced the microbial community. Therefore, Al-NLS can be considered as a new alternative substrate in CWs technology.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Dabojani Das, Achinta Bordoloi, Heyang Yuan, Daniel J. Caldwell, Rominder P. S. Suri
Summary: This study evaluates the degradation kinetics of antibiotic resistance genes and mobile genetic elements in water matrices by ozone treatment. The results show that extracellular antibiotic resistance genes can be effectively removed, while intracellular genes are more resistant to degradation. The impact of wastewater matrix on gene degradation is minimal.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2024)