Article
Engineering, Environmental
Anchita Kalsi, S. Mary Celin, Pallvi Bhanot, Sandeep Sahai, Jai Gopal Sharma
Summary: The study showed that using poultry waste as a carrier for explosive degrading microbes is effective for in situ remediation of explosive contaminated soils, with better results seen under saturated conditions.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Arjun Meda, Pritam Sangwan, Kiran Bala
Summary: The investigation explored the potential of two indigenous microbes for RDX degradation in aqueous medium and found that they showed high removal efficiency, capable of effectively remediating contaminated sites, and identified some intermediate degradation products.
Article
Physics, Applied
J. M. Winey, Y. Toyoda, Y. M. Gupta
Summary: This study experimentally compared the shock and detonation response of insensitive and conventional HE single crystals, showing that chemical decomposition onset for RDX occurs at much lower pressures and the overdriven C-J detonation response occurs at higher pressures.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xue-Xue Zhang, Zhi-Hua Xue, Zikangping Wang, Qi-Long Yan
Summary: In this study, a microfluidic crystallization method was used to dope hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) crystals with a two-dimensional (2D) high nitrogentriaminoguanidine-glyoxalpolymer (TAGP). The resulting TAGP-doped RDX crystals (controlled qy-RDX) exhibited higher bulk density and better thermal stability. The crystal structure and thermal reactivity properties of the qy-RDX were influenced by the mixing speed of the solvent and antisolvent. The controlled qy-RDX samples showed different thermal decomposition models depending on their activation energy (E(a)).
Article
Toxicology
Paige C. Mundy, Alicia Werner, Latika Singh, Vikrant Singh, Rosalia Mendieta, Caitlyn E. Patullo, Heike Wulff, Pamela J. Lein
Summary: RDX is a major component of C-4 explosives and ingestion can cause seizures. In vitro and in silico experiments have shown that RDX inhibits GABA(A) receptor-mediated chloride currents, leading to seizures. This study confirms the mechanism in vivo using a zebrafish model and demonstrates the effectiveness of GABA(A) receptor-targeted drugs in mitigating RDX-induced seizures.
ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Hongfu Wang, Yan Liu, Fan Bai, Fenglei Huang
Summary: The experimental results indicate that as the size of the aluminum powder decreases, the shock sensitivity of aluminized RDX increases, along with the reaction rate and the proportion of aluminum involved in the initiation reaction.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mohd Aamir Khan, Abhishek Sharma, Sonal Yadav, S. Mary Celin, Satyawati Sharma
Summary: High-energy explosives discharged into the surrounding environment can leave a toxic footprint. The bioremediation of RDX, a potential human carcinogen, has gained attention, but the lack of understanding and limitations of current approaches hinder its widespread use. New bioremediation technologies are needed to enhance performance.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Steffen Hertle, Nick de Boni, Heico Schell, Andreas Tiehm
Summary: This study demonstrates a novel approach that combines biological and electrochemical methods to stimulate the degradation of TCE by the SF culture, even in low oxygen conditions, showing great potential for the effective treatment of TCE-contaminated sites.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Murteza Jaafaryneya, Jafar Amani, Raheleh Halabian
Summary: This study aimed to screen and characterize explosive biodegradable Actinomycetes from water, wastewater, and sludge. Actinomycetes isolates from 80 environmental samples were recovered and identified. The results showed that the isolates can degrade and consume 50-80% of RDX and TNT as their sole carbon and energy source. Seeking and screening untapped ecosystems that possess unexplored Actinomycetes will increase the chances of discovering microorganisms capable of degrading TNT and RDX for bioremediation.
WATER AND ENVIRONMENT JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chaoyu Wang, Chaoyang Zhang, Xianggui Xue
Summary: This study investigates the early thermal decay mechanisms of two polymorphs of RDX at high pressure and high temperature and reveals the different effects of pressure on the decomposition rate of these two polymorphs. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the pressure and polymorph-dependent effect on the decay of RDX and provide valuable insights for the development of a kinetic model for the combustion of solid RDX.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kirty Sharma, Praveen Sharma, S. Mary Celin, Pramod Kumar Rai, Pritam Sangwan
Summary: The study optimized the degradation of RDX using a consortium of native bacterial species, with results showing that an initial RDX concentration of 40 mg/L, an inoculation size of 6 mL, and a time duration of 12 days were optimal for reducing RDX up to 80.4%.
SN APPLIED SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zi-Jian Sun, Hui Li, Weihua Zhu
Summary: Context reactive molecular dynamics simulations were used to study the decomposition processes of RDX crystal under high temperatures and detonation pressure. The decomposition paths were found to be similar under different temperatures coupled with detonation pressure. The formation rates of N-2 and H2O were greatly influenced by temperature, while CO2 formation rates were less affected. Pressure application reduced the reaction energy barrier and accelerated the decomposition.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MODELING
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Desmond I. Bannon, Wenjun Bao, James F. Dillman, Russ Wolfinger, Christopher S. Phillips, Edward J. Perkins
Summary: The nitramine explosive, hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), is toxic to the central nervous system and liver in mammals. Gene expression analysis showed that RDX quickly entered the liver and brain, with the hippocampus displaying the highest response in terms of gene expression and pathways. The top impacted pathways were the GABAergic and glutamatergic pathways in neurotransmission. Compared to the liver, the hippocampus demonstrated more consistent biological effects, making it an important target for RDX based on gene expression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jili Wang, Yuling Zhang, Qingchun Yang, Siqi Yin, Xi Wang, Ting Liu, Yujia Shi
Summary: This study developed a starch-based encapsulated targeted bionutrient (YH-1) to promote the degradation of VCHs by indigenous microorganisms in groundwater efficiently, improving the degradation efficiency and duration.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jili Wang, Yuling Zhang, Xi Wang, Siqi Yin, Ting Liu, Yujia Shi, Yang Ding, Yi Zhang, Weiqing Xu, Xinying Zhang, Yiliang Wang, Dong Li
Summary: In this study, effective nutrients for aromatic hydrocarbon (AH) degradation were identified and nutrient substrate allocation was optimized through actual surveys and microcosm experiments. A natural polysaccharide-based encapsulated targeted bionutrient (SA-H-CS) was developed using biostimulation and controlled-release technology, which effectively stimulated indigenous microflora in groundwater to degrade AHs.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
C. M. Jung, M. Carr, E. Fleischman, C. J. Roesch
Summary: Green June beetles are common pests in the United States that can damage tree and vine fruit, as well as grass root systems. Exposure to explosives and contaminants did not significantly affect their body weight, survival, or bacterial microbiome. This study highlights the potential of green June beetles as model organisms for future soil toxicity experiments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Mark E. Fuller, Rachael T. Rezes, Paul C. Hedman, Jason C. Jones, Neil C. Sturchio, Paul B. Hatzinger
Summary: This study demonstrates that methane-oxidizing bacteria are capable of aerobically degrading NTO and DNAN through one or more (nitro)reductases, with soluble MMO playing a supporting role in deriving reducing equivalents from methane. The findings suggest a potential previously unrecognized route of NTO and DNAN biotransformation in aerobic environments.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
W. Andrew Jackson, Maeghan Brundrett, J. K. Bohlke, Paul B. Hatzinger, Stanley J. Mroczkowski, Neil C. Sturchio
Summary: Analyzing the multi-dimensional isotopic compositions of natural chlorate provides insights into its origins and distribution, with indications of reaction with O3 and a correlation between oxygen isotopic values and the source of oxyanions. Further isotopic analyses could offer stronger constraints on production mechanisms and environmental applications.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kurt A. Gust, Karl J. Indest, Guilherme Lotufo, Steven J. Everman, Carina M. Jung, Mark L. Ballentine, Allison V. Hoke, Bintu Sowe, Aarti Gautam, Rasha Hammamieh, Qing Ji, Natalie D. Barker
Summary: The study suggests that munition exposure can alter tadpole skin microbiome composition and affect the transcriptional profiles in the amphibian host, potentially impacting the host's health and immune status. The findings indicate direct effects of munitions exposure on the skin microbiome, as well as possible indirect effects on microbial flora. The research highlights the importance of understanding the potential impacts of munition exposure on amphibian health and disease resistance.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Chunlei Wang, Mark E. Fuller, Linnea J. Heraty, Paul B. Hatzinger, Neil C. Sturchio
Summary: In surface water environments, the degradation mechanisms of DNAN under UV-A and UV-C irradiation can be monitored via C and N stable isotope analysis.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Paul B. Hatzinger, J. K. Bohlke, W. Andrew Jackson, Baohua Gu, Stanley J. Mroczkowski, Neil C. Sturchio
Summary: This study discusses the synthetic and natural sources of perchlorate, as well as how isotopic data can be used to distinguish between them. It was found that high concentrations of indigenous natural perchlorate exist in groundwater near the Columbia River in Oregon, with irrigation recharge playing a role in flushing accumulated salts and contributing to the concentrations.
APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Soil Science
Ryan R. Busby, Robyn A. Barbato, Carina M. Jung, Anthony J. Bednar, Thomas A. Douglas, David B. Ringelberg, Karl J. Indest
Summary: Arctic and subarctic soils are experiencing rapid changes that affect vegetation, bacteria, and their interactions. Rhizosphere bacterial communities from diverse Alaskan habitats and plant species were studied to understand how they interact with an anthropogenic soil stressor. Antimony altered rhizosphere bacterial richness, diversity, and composition, influenced by soil type and plant identity, with certain bacterial orders proving most responsive to Sb. Plant species' uptake of Sb was strongly influenced by soil properties.
APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chunlei Wang, Linnea J. Heraty, Adam F. Wallace, Changjie Liu, Xiaoqiang Li, Gregory P. McGovern, Juske Horita, Mark E. Fuller, Paul B. Hatzinger, Neil C. Sturchio
Summary: The study utilized CSIA and PSIA in combination with quantitative C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and density-functional theory to investigate and interpret the position-specific isotope effects, identifying a diagnostic value for the transformation of DNAN to its reaction products. The theoretical kinetic isotope effects calculated for DNAN isotopologues aligned well with the position-specific isotope effects measured by CSIA and PSIA, showcasing the potential for this combined approach in evaluating degradation efficiencies and mechanisms of organic contaminants.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Nubia L. Estrada, Todd A. Anderson, J. K. Bohlke, Baohua Gu, Paul B. Hatzinger, Stanley J. Mroczkowski, Balaji Rao, Neil C. Sturchio, W. Andrew Jackson
Summary: Natural perchlorate (ClO4-) can be found in various locations on Earth with different isotopic compositions, especially in the Atacama Desert. The isotopic composition of ClO4- can vary depending on its precursor and reaction pathway, with ClOx oxidation in systems enriched in O-3 producing ClO4- with higher Delta O-17 values. Variations in production mechanisms may account for the observed isotopic variations in natural ClO4- and ClO3-.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Editorial Material
Engineering, Environmental
Charles J. Newell, William H. DiGuiseppi, Daniel P. Cassidy, Craig E. Divine, James M. Fenstermacher, Nathan W. Hagelin, Ryan A. Thomas, Paul I. I. I. I. I. I. Tomiczek, Scott D. Warner, Zhong John Xiong, Paul B. Hatzinger
Summary: Remediation of PFAS in groundwater environments is challenging due to their diverse chemistries and resistance to natural transformation processes. Ongoing research is categorized into nondestructive, destructive, and coupled systems approaches. In situ treatment for PFAS is still in early stages, with a need for consistent regulatory standards to guide technology development.
REMEDIATION-THE JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANUP COSTS TECHNOLOGIES & TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Uriel Garza-Rubalcava, Paul B. Hatzinger, David Schanzle, Graig Lavorgna, Paul Hedman, W. Andrew Jackson
Summary: This study compares the application of high-resolution passive sampling and traditional groundwater monitoring wells in contaminant remediation and finds that high-resolution passive sampling is advantageous in evaluating the performance of biowalls and discovering important information that cannot be detected by traditional methods.
JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Myung Hwangbo, Yiru Shao, Paul B. Hatzinger, Kung-Hui Chu
Summary: Methanotrophs found in acidic environments play a vital role in controlling the release of atmospheric methane and in the biodegradation and bioremediation of pollutants. They utilize methane as a carbon and energy source and can degrade chlorinated volatile organic compounds under low pH conditions. This paper provides an overview of the occurrence, diversity, and physiological activities of these methanotrophs, highlighting their potential applications in contaminant biodegradation and bioremediation.
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jinha Kim, Mark E. Fuller, Paul B. Hatzinger, Kung-Hui Chu
Summary: We present draft genome sequences of Pseudomonas extremaustralis NQ5, Arthrobacter strain NQ4, and Arthrobacter strain NQ7. These bacteria were isolated from a laboratory-scale membrane bioreactor, soils from San Antonio, TX, USA, and sediments from Galveston Bay, TX, USA. They possess the ability to degrade nitroguanidine, an explosive compound found in some insensitive munitions.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Mandy M. Michalsen, Fadime Kara Murdoch, Frank E. Loffler, John Wilson, Paul B. Hatzinger, Jack D. Istok, Larry Mullins, Amy Hill, Robert W. Murdoch, Charles Condee, Katarzyna H. Kucharzyk
Summary: This study demonstrates the feasibility of monitoring chlorinated ethene contaminated sites by quantitatively measuring process-specific biomarker genes and proteins of Dehalococcoides mccartyi (Dhc). The correlation between gene and protein abundances with reductive dechlorination (RD) rates suggests that these measurements can predict in situ RD rates, which is a major advancement for the cost-effective management of contaminated sites.
ACS ES&T ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Chunlei Wang, Linnea J. Heraty, Haibo Li, Mark E. Fuller, Paul B. Hatzinger, Neil C. Sturchio
Summary: This paper describes a method combining GC-IRMS with offline low-temperature derivatization to enable compound-specific isotope analysis of C and N in the explosive compound NTO. By optimizing MeI and Et3N concentrations and reaction time, accurate and reproducible results were achieved, with a method detection limit of 788 ng of NTO. The isotopic values obtained were in good agreement with those determined by elemental analyzer-IRMS.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LETTERS
(2021)