Abatement of Polychoro-1,3-butadienes in Aqueous Solution by Ozone, UV Photolysis, and Advanced Oxidation Processes (O3/H2O2 and UV/H2O2)

The abatement of 9 polychloro-1,3-butadienes (CBDs) in aqueous solution by ozone, UV-C(254 nm) photolysis, and the corresponding advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) (i.e., O-3/H2O2 and UV/H2O2) was investigated. The following parameters were determined for 9 CBDs: second-order rate constants for the reactions of CBDs with ozone (k(O3)) (<0.1-7.9 x 10(3) M-1 s(-1)) or with hydroxyl radicals (k.(OH)) (0.9 x 10(9) - 6.5 x 10(9) M-1 s(-1)), photon fluence-based rate constants (k') (210-2730 m2 einstein-1), and quantum yields (Phi) (0.03-0.95 mol einstein(-1)). During ozonation of CBDs in a natural groundwater, appreciable abatements (>50% at specific ozone doses of 0.5 gO(3)/gDOC to similar to 100% at >= 1.0 gO(3)/gDOC) were achieved for tetra-CBDs followed by (Z)-1,1,2,3,4-penta-CBD and hexa-CBD. This is consistent with the magnitude of the determined k(O3) and k.(OH). The formation of bromate, a potentially carcinogenic ozonation byproduct, could be significantly reduced by addition of H2O2. For a typical UV disinfection dose (400 J/m2), various extents of phototransformations (10-90%) could be achieved. However, the efficient formation of photoisomers from CBDs with E/Z configuration must be taken into account because of their potential residual toxicity. Under UV-C(254 nm) photolysis conditions, no significant effect of H2O2 addition on CBDs abatement was observed due to an efficient direct phototransformation of CBDs.