Article
Neurosciences
Monica Betta, Giacomo Handjaras, Andrea Leo, Alessandra Federici, Valentina Farinelli, Emiliano Ricciardi, Francesca Siclari, Stefano Meletti, Daniela Ballotta, Francesca Benuzzi, Giulio Bernardi
Summary: EEG slow waves play a crucial role in regulating essential processes such as learning and sensory disconnection. They may involve complex interactions within and between cortical and subcortical structures. Moreover, simultaneous EEG-fMRI recordings show that slow waves are associated with specific hemodynamic changes in different brain regions.
Article
Neurosciences
Simon Ruch, Flavio Jean Schmidig, Leona Knuesel, Katharina Henke
Summary: Slow-wave sleep is a crucial stage for the body's recovery, characterized by slow oscillations in the scalp EEG. Studies have shown that closed-loop sensory stimulation targeting the UP-states of slow oscillations can enhance sleep depth and promote sleep's recuperative functions. However, conventional closed-loop stimulation algorithms may overlook the individual differences in slow oscillations on the scalp. Researchers have proposed a novel EEG-based algorithm, TOPOSO, that can accurately detect and target specific cerebral origins of local slow oscillations.
Article
Neurosciences
Basma Radwan, Gloria Jansen, Dipesh Chaudhury
Summary: There is a tight association between mood and sleep, with disrupted sleep being a core feature of many mood disorders. Our study found that fragmented NREM sleep may signal vulnerability to stress, with susceptible mice showing increased fragmentation of NREM sleep before chronic social defeat (CSD) stress compared to resilient mice.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Pavel Sanda, Paola Malerba, Xi Jiang, Giri P. Krishnan, Jorge Gonzalez-Martinez, Eric Halgren, Maxim Bazhenov
Summary: The study reveals a complex bidirectional interaction between sharp wave-ripples in the hippocampus and slow oscillations in the cortex during slow wave sleep, with their precise timing influencing different functions in memory consolidation. Early hippocampal ripples influence transitions to Up-state, while cortical Up-states control occurrence of the later ripples, impacting transitions to Down-state.
Article
Biology
Danilo Menicucci, Claudia Lunghi, Andrea Zaccaro, Maria Concetta Morrone, Angelo Gemignani
Summary: Sleep plays a role in stabilizing the homeostatic plasticity of visual ocular dominance induced by short-term monocular deprivation in adult humans. The enhanced response of the deprived eye after sleep is correlated with changes in sleep slow oscillations and spindle power in the occipital visual cortex.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Miguel Navarrete, Alejandro Osorio-Forero, Angela Gomez, David Henao, Fredy E. Segura-Quijano, Michel Le Van Quyen, Mario Valderrama
Summary: By studying the effect of closed-loop acoustic stimulation on slow wave events during sleep, we found that different types of slow wave events may have distinct functional roles and differential response to external stimuli. However, the impact of closed-loop acoustic stimulation on slow wave synchronization processes is not well understood.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sruthi R. Konduru, Jesse R. Isaacson, Danny J. Lasky, Zihao Zhou, Rohan K. Rao, Swati S. Vattem, Sophie J. Rewey, Mathew Jones, Rama K. Maganti
Summary: This study investigates whether the use of sleep aids after traumatic brain injury (TBI) can ameliorate posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE). The results suggest that dual orexin antagonists have therapeutic potential in suppressing PTE by enhancing GABAergic inhibition and impacting sleep homeostatic drive.
Article
Psychiatry
Alessio Fasano, Carlo Biancardi, Gabriele Masi, Stefania Della Vecchia, Paolo Frumento, Alberto Mazzoni, Egidio Falotico, Ugo Faraguna, Federico Sicca
Summary: In children with ADHD, the slope of slow waves in sleep EEG may be associated with psychiatric comorbidities and neuropsychological dimensions. Specifically, the slope of medium amplitude slow waves is positively associated with multiple anxiety disorders, while the slope of small amplitude slow waves is negatively associated with Child Behavior Checklist scores. The slope of high amplitude slow waves is positively associated with autistic traits, and the slope of small-to-medium amplitude slow waves is negatively associated with WISC-IV Processing Speed Index. These results suggest that alterations in local synaptic strength may underlie specific neurodevelopmental trajectories resulting in different ADHD clinical phenotypes.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jelena Skorucak, Nathan Weber, Mary A. Carskadon, Chelsea Reynolds, Scott Coussens, Peter Achermann, Michelle A. Short
Summary: This study investigated the homeostatic response of adolescents to different sleep opportunities, and found that adolescents maintain sleep homeostasis even under chronic sleep restriction, showing minimal differences between empirical data and model predictions.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Christel Gudberg, Remi Stevelink, Gwenaelle Douaud, Katharina Wulff, Alberto Lazari, Melanie K. K. Fleming, Heidi Johansen-Berg
Summary: Sleep plays a crucial role in brain function and resilience to decline. This study found a relationship between slow wave slope (SWslope) of sleep and white matter microstructure, suggesting that sleep quality is associated with brain health. Future research should investigate whether improving sleep architecture can impact white matter deterioration in older adults.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Daniel Baena, Zhuo Fang, Laura B. Ray, Adrian M. Owen, Stuart M. Fogel
Summary: Sleep spindles have been identified as electrophysiological neuronal biomarkers of cognitive abilities and aptitudes. This study examines the relationship between cognitive abilities and activation of brain areas during different types of sleep spindles. The results suggest that the coupling status of sleep spindles is important in determining their relationship with cognitive abilities, with coupled spindles showing positive correlation with Reasoning abilities and uncoupled slow waves showing negative correlation.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jun-Sang Sunwoo, Kwang Su Cha, Jung-Ick Byun, Jin-Sun Jun, Tae-Joon Kim, Jung-Won Shin, Soon-Tae Lee, Keun-Hwa Jung, Kyung-Il Park, Kon Chu, Manho Kim, Sang Kun Lee, Han-Joon Kim, Carlos H. Schenck, Ki-Young Jung
Summary: Abnormal EEG oscillations were found during NREM sleep in patients with iRBD in this study, with impaired temporal coupling between SOs and SSs possibly reflecting early neurodegenerative changes in iRBD.
Article
Neurosciences
Yang Yang, Shilei Wang, Jiayi Liu, Guangyuan Zou, Jun Jiang, Binghu Jiang, Wentian Cao, Qihong Zou
Summary: This study used simultaneous EEG and fMRI data to investigate the functional characteristics of white matter during sleep. The results showed decreased functional connectivity between superficial and middle layer white matter networks from wakefulness to sleep. Furthermore, the functional connectivity between deep and cerebellar networks was higher during light sleep and lower during wakefulness and deep sleep. Additionally, the regional fluctuation amplitude was higher during light sleep and lower during deep sleep.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Robin D. Johnsson, Farley Connelly, Alexei L. Vyssotski, Timothy C. Roth, John A. Lesku
Summary: In this study, sleep homeostasis in Australian magpies was investigated, and it was found that only NREM sleep is homeostatically regulated, while REM sleep is not. This finding is significant, as it sheds light on the apparent absence of REM sleep homeostasis observed in multiple species.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Shin, Seahyung Park, Wooyeon Shin, Jeonghoon Woo, Minju Jeong, Jeongjin Kim, Daesoo Kim
Summary: Auditory-induced arousal is a defense mechanism in animals. Mediodorsal (MD) thalamic neurons, which contain GRIK4, play a role in waking up from deep sleep. These neurons are influenced by glutamatergic neurons in the brainstem and can mediate wakefulness from slow-wave sleep.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Jay J. Park, Setthasorn Zhi Yang Ooi, Conor S. Gillespie, Soham Bandyopadhyay, Yasir A. Chowdhury, Georgios Solomou, Melissa Gough, Ulrick Sidney Kanmounye, Alvaro Yanez Touzet, Michael T. C. Poon, Andreas K. Demetriades, Michael D. Jenkinson, Alistair Jenkins
Summary: Collaboration and teamworking are important in medical school, but students often have limited exposure to clinical neurosciences. NANSIG, a successful student and junior doctor collaboration, provides educational materials, research, and advocates for diversity. It has expanded internationally and aims to support a larger group of young medical professionals.
ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alvaro Yanez Touzet, Aniqah Bhatti, Esmee Dohle, Faheem Bhatti, Keng Siang Lee, Julio C. Furlan, Michael G. Fehlings, James S. Harrop, Carl Moritz Zipser, Ricardo Rodrigues-Pinto, James Milligan, Ellen Sarewitz, Armin Curt, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Bizhan Aarabi, Timothy F. Boerger, Lindsay Tetreault, Robert Chen, James D. Guest, Sukhvinder Kalsi-Ryan, Angus G. K. McNair, Mark Kotter, Benjamin Davies
Summary: This study evaluates the measurement properties of outcome measures used in the assessment of degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) and highlights the lack of high-quality evidence in this area. There is a need for a set of agreed tools to measure outcomes in DCM.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lindsay Tetreault, Philip Garwood, Aref-Ali Gharooni, Alvaro Yanez Touzet, Laura Nanna-Lohkamp, Allan Martin, Jefferson Wilson, James S. Harrop, James Guest, Brian K. Kwon, James Milligan, Alberto Martinez Arizala, K. Daniel Riew, Michael G. Fehlings, Mark R. N. Kotter, Sukhvinder Kalsi-Ryan, Benjamin Davies
Summary: DCM is a disease caused by progressive injury to the cervical spinal cord due to age-related changes. Effective monitoring of the population will require establishing a monitoring framework and developing new assessment tools.
GLOBAL SPINE JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Benjamin M. Davies, Alvaro Yanez Touzet, Oliver D. Mowforth, Keng Siang Lee, Danyal Khan, Julio C. Furlan, Michael G. Fehlings, James S. Harrop, Carl Moritz Zipser, Ricardo Rodrigues-Pinto, James Milligan, Ellen Sarewitz, Armin Curt, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Bizhan Aarabi, Timothy F. Boerger, Lindsay Tetreault, Robert Chen, James D. Guest, Sukhvinder Kalsi-Ryan, Iwan Sadler, Shirley Widdop, Angus G. K. McNair, Brian K. Kwon, Mark R. N. Kotter
Summary: Inconsistent measurement and reporting in degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) research hinder progress, highlighting the need for a core measurement set (CMS). This protocol outlines the steps for developing the CMS, including identifying constructs to be measured, conducting systematic reviews to identify measurement tools, and selecting the instruments through a consensus meeting. The CMS implementation guidance will be developed following instrument selection.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Conor Gillespie, Samuel Khanna, Mark J. Vivian, Samuel M. McKoy, Alvaro Yanez Touzet, Ellie Edlmann, Daniel Stubbs, Benjamin Davies
Summary: The content of educational resources on chronic subdural haematoma (CSDH) varies, indicating an uncertain educational need that requires further research to support shared decision making.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Berjo Dongmo Takoutsing, Alvaro Yanez Touzet, Jay J. Park, Seong Hoon Lee, Emily R. Bligh, Abdullah Egiz, Conor S. Gillespie, Anthony Figaji
Summary: This study aims to review and compare the management and outcomes of infant MMC-associated hydrocephalus in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) and high-income countries. The study will involve a systematic review and meta-analysis of relevant studies. The findings will contribute to improving the management of infant hydrocephalus in LMICs.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Esmee Dohle, Sophie Beardall, Aina Chang, Karla P. Corral Mena, Luka Jovanovic, Upamanyu Nath, Keng Siang Lee, Alexandria H. Smith, Arun J. Thirunavukarasu, Alvaro Yanez Touzet, Emma Jane Norton, Oliver D. Mowforth, Mark R. N. Kotter, Benjamin M. Davies
Summary: This study evaluated the histological findings of degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) on cadaveric human spinal cord tissue and compared them with animal models. The most common pathological changes in DCM included neuronal loss, demyelination, and cavity formation. Cavitation was more prevalent in human autopsies compared to animal models.
ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
George E. Richardson, Conor S. Gillespie, Soham Bandyopadhyay, Emma J. Norton, Jigi M. Joshi, Orla Mantle, Catinca Ciuculete, Armin Nazari, John Ong, Ajitesh Anand, Jay Park, Rosaline De Koning, Setthasorn Zhi Yang Ooi, Joshua Erhabor, Harmani K. Daler, Bailint Borbas, Zeluleko Sibanda, Illectra Lerou, Alvaro Y. Touzet, Phil Mcelnay, Suzanne Murray, Peter J. Hutchinson, Alistair Jenkins
Summary: This study explored the experience of hosting the 10th Annual Neurosurgery Careers Day, which was held virtually for the first time. The authors reflected on the logistics of organizing the event and the feedback from delegates. Key themes identified from the event included attendance, networking, and education. The results showed an increase in knowledge of neurosurgery as a career and the application process after attending the careers day.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Music
Alvaro Yanez
LEONARDO MUSIC JOURNAL
(2019)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Alvaro Yanez, Israel Desta, Patrick Commins, Mazin Magzoub, Pance Naumov
ADVANCED BIOSYSTEMS
(2018)