Article
Engineering, Environmental
Halil Aytop, Yakup Kenan Koca, Suat Senol
Summary: The enrichment factor (EF) is commonly used to determine the source of pollution, but its accuracy is questioned due to the discretion of background value choice. This study assessed the validity of the concerns and found varying heavy metal enrichment in soils based on different background values. Statistical analyses revealed strong positive relationships between clay content, cation exchange capacity, and certain heavy metals.
ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Georgios Charvalas, Alexandra D. Solomou, Kyriakos D. Giannoulis, Elpiniki Skoufogianni, Dimitrios Bartzialis, Christina Emmanouil, Nicholaos G. Danalatos
Summary: This article provides an overview of alternative methods for restoring contaminated soils (phytoremediation), focusing on areas of excessive metallurgical activities in Greece. Two case studies in Northern Greece were selected, one characterized by metal mining and a hot summer Mediterranean climate, and the other involving lignite mining and pollution under subtropical climate.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yajie Wang, Jiefeng Li, Wenjiao Li, Yongfen Wei, Zhiyi Deng, Fusheng Li
Summary: Coal consumption increases consistently, and heavy metal contamination in soils surrounding coal mines has become a severe environmental issue. Investigating the relationship between bacterial communities and potential ecological risks from heavy metals is crucial for understanding the impact of coal production on ecosystem health.
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Alexandra D. Solomou, Rafaelia Germani, Nikolaos Proutsos, Michaela Petropoulou, Petros Koutroumpilas, Christos Galanis, Georgios Maroulis, Antonios Kolimenakis
Summary: This study investigates the use of phytoremediation, specifically focusing on Mediterranean plants, to reduce heavy metal concentrations in contaminated soils. Based on a review of 166 research studies, the findings suggest that phytoremediation is a sustainable and affordable option, particularly for developing countries. While non-native plant species may be preferred for their metal tolerance mechanisms, they can also pose risks to local ecosystems and should be carefully considered.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Da-Mao Xu, Rong-Bing Fu, Jun-Xian Wang, Bai-Hong An
Summary: This study investigated the potential roles of soil mineralogy identified by MLA in predicting the geochemical behavior of toxic metals in smelter polluted soils. The results revealed the leaching concentrations of As, Pb and Zn at different pH values, with the second order model providing the best description for the release patterns of main metal contaminants. The study also demonstrated a typical geochemical pattern of As predominantly controlled by fayalite and highlighted the importance of soil remediation and risk management for smelter contaminated sites.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shixing Ren, Xudong Wei, Jin Wang, Juan Liu, Qi'en Ouyang, Yanjun Jiang, Haiyao Hu, Yeliang Huang, Wentao Zheng, Carlo Nicoletto, Giancarlo Renella
Summary: This study revealed the abundant presence of geochemically mobile/bioavailable thallium in soils from a carbonate-hosted PbZn ore utilizing area in China, indicating the anthropogenic catastrophic effects of historical industrial activities on the local soil system. The findings also showed serious potential non-carcinogenic risks of lead, vanadium, thallium, and arsenic in the soils.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Temoor Ahmed, Muhammad Noman, Muhammad Rizwan, Shafaqat Ali, Muhammad Shafiq Shahid, Bin Li
Summary: This article focuses on the toxicity of heavy metals in paddy soils and their potential health risks to humans, as well as providing a critical outlook on the recent advances and future perspectives of nanoremediation strategies.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Weijie Liu, Xinli Xing, Miao Li, Yue Yu, Tianpeng Hu, Yao Mao, Lili Liang, Yuan Zhang, Jiaquan Zhang, Shihua Qi
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the pollution source of heavy metals (HMs) in soil near mining and evaluate the influence mechanism of dust fall on HMs pollution. The results showed that dust fall is the primary pollution source to HMs accumulation in soil. Mineralogical analysis revealed that quartz, kaolinite, calcite, chalcopyrite, and magnetite are the major mineral phases in dust fall.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Marta Canu, Paolo Mule, Erminio Spanu, Stefania Fanni, Alessandro Marrone, Gianluca Carboni
Summary: Polluting activities have a significant impact on agricultural lands, and the use of hemp in phytoremediation shows promise in managing metal polluted soils. This study conducted in Sardinia, Italy, aimed to evaluate the phytoremediation capability of industrial hemp in metal polluted soils under semiarid environments. The results showed that concentrations of Zn and Cd in the plants were positively correlated with soil content and varied in different parts of the plants. The study also found high levels of Pb in plants grown in non-contaminated soils, possibly due to atmospheric deposition from distant sources.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Manuel Rodriguez-Rastrero, Carmen E. Suarez, Almudena Ortega, Jaime Cuevas, Raul Fernandez
Summary: The research assesses the geochemical anomalies of heavy elements and rare earth elements in soils and surface waters near a controlled municipal landfill near Madrid. The accumulation of heavy and rare earth elements in soil is attributed to wind and rain transport, while their accumulation in sediments is attributed to water transport through creeks. The surface waters show large contamination and the water quality is below allowable concentrations for drinking water. The comprehensive evaluation of the soil and water samples may be applicable to similar landfill areas worldwide.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wenshun Ke, Jiaqing Zeng, Feng Zhu, Xinghua Luo, Jingpei Feng, Jin He, Shengguo Xue
Summary: This study investigated the spatial distribution and geochemical partitioning of heavy metals (HMs) in soil samples from an abandoned lead smelting site. The results showed that As, Pb and Cd posed serious threats to soil quality with high spatial heterogeneity. The study also identified the major mineral hosts for HMs and found that quartz, montmorillonite, and goethite were closely associated with HMs minerals in contaminated soils, limiting their vertical migration and potential risks to groundwater.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Giorgos Thalassinos, Efi Levizou, Vasileios Antoniadis, Wanting Ling
Summary: In a pot experiment, the phytostabilization capacity of purslane was tested in soil heavily contaminated with Cd, Pb, and Zn. Various soil improvers were used, both organic and inorganic. The results showed that the organic amendments had some effect in increasing the extractability of Cd, Pb, and Zn but were not able to reduce the levels to a satisfactory extent for phytostabilization.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Shi-Hang Wang, Jian-Wei Wang, Li-Ting Zhao, Syed Zaghum Abbas, Zhugen Yang, Yang-Chun Yong
Summary: Soil microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) are used as soil-powered biosensors, but traditional SMFC sensors have limitations for long-term and continuous monitoring of toxic pollutants. A new carbon-felt-based cathodic SMFC biosensor was developed for long-term sensing of heavy metal ions in soil. The biosensor generated stable output voltage within 2 to 5 minutes upon injection of metal ions and maintained efficiency for four months without significant decrease in output voltage. This cathodic SMFC biosensor shows potential as a low-cost self-powered biosensor.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Tianhong Nie, Xing Yang, Hanbo Chen, Karin Muller, Sabry M. Shaheen, Joerg Rinklebe, Hocheol Song, Song Xu, Fengchang Wu, Hailong Wang
Summary: This study investigated the influence of aging on pig- and P. orientalis-derived biochars on the sorption capacity for Cd and Zn in biochar-treated soils. The sorption capacity increased with biochar application rates, and aging led to enhanced sorption capacity due to increased oxygen-containing functional groups. The presence of DEP enhanced sorption capacity in fresh biochar treatments, but not in aged treatments.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yizhang Liu, Tangfu Xiao, Zhengjie Zhu, Liang Ma, Hang Li, Zengping Ning
Summary: This study investigated the pollution, fractionation and potential risks of heavy metals in soils from a mountainous area with black shale outcropping, with emphasis on Cd and Zn. Elevated concentrations of heavy metals in black shales reflected high geochemical baseline in the study area. Metals released from oxidative weathering were redistributed and retained during pedogenic processes, leading to enrichment of certain metals in soils.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Soil Science
Marcin Szuszkiewicz, Eduard Petrovsky, Adam Lukasik, Piotr Gruba, Hana Grison, Maria Magdalena Szuszkiewicz
Summary: Determining the origin and role of weathering processes in soil magnetic and geochemical imprints is crucial for assessing the relationship between technogenic magnetic particles (TMPs), potentially toxic elements (PTEs), iron, and manganese. Magnetic parameters and geochemical analysis provide a reliable method for interpreting measured parameters in specific soil horizons, reflecting the influence of geogenic and technogenic sources. Results show that in areas with strongly magnetic bedrock, geogenic magnetic particles primarily contribute to the volume magnetic susceptibility of the topsoil.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tadeusz Magiera, Bogdan Zogala, Adam Lukasik, Jolanta Pierwola
Summary: Research conducted in a municipal park in a small town in southern Poland revealed that the vegetation was growing on a Technosol formed by highly magnetic anthropogenic material from a local steel mill and foundry. A unique combination of integrated geophysical measuring techniques, including soil magnetometry, electrical resistivity tomography, and electromagnetic profiling, was proposed to assess the continuity, thickness, and depth of the anthropogenic layer of metallurgical wastes. The study identified the maximal thickness of the metallurgical wastes in the western part of the park and found individual lenses or nests of the same material in the eastern part.
LAND DEGRADATION & DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Tadeusz Magiera, Maria Magdalena Szuszkiewicz, Adam Michczynski, Leszek Chrost, Marcin Szuszkiewicz
Summary: The study aimed to detect traces of human activity and historical mining and smelting in the Brynica River catchment using a combination of magnetic, radiometric and geochemical methods. The results revealed the potential mobility of certain heavy metals in peat profiles and their distribution over different depths, providing insight into the historical impact of ore mining and smelting. The correlation observed between anthropogenic Pb and magnetic parameters will be useful for further exploration of historical human impacts on the environment, supporting archaeological studies in early settlement sites.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Adam Lukasik, Marcin Szuszkiewicz, Tomasz Wanic, Piotr Gruba
Summary: The study investigated the soil under tree canopies in a forest area with high historical industrial dust deposition, analyzing the distribution of magnetic particles among different tree species. Results showed differences in the depth of maximum concentration of magnetic particles in the topsoil among tree species, but no significant variations in mean MS or PTE contents.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marcin Szuszkiewicz, Hana Grison, Eduard Petrovsky, Maria Magdalena Szuszkiewicz, Beata Goluchowska, Adam Lukasik
Summary: This research aims to quantify the influence of coarse-grained ferrimagnetic fraction on the detection of superparamagnetic grains in soils. The experiment describes the masking effect of multidomain grains on the signal of superparamagnetic grains, providing new insights for studies dealing with strongly magnetic soils.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stanislaw Lyszczarz, Jaroslaw Lasota, Maria Magdalena Szuszkiewicz, Ewa Blonska
Summary: The study highlights the importance of soil texture in the distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), with a strong correlation noted between PAH content and silt content. Soil organic carbon and nitrogen content play a predominant role in controlling microbial activity. Additionally, magnetic susceptibility proves useful in assessing heavy metal contamination in forest soils.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Adam Michczynski, Maria Magdalena Szuszkiewicz, Beata Goluchowska, Jaroslaw Sikorski
Summary: Peat bogs serve as effective archives for magnetic particles and provide a background for the study of anthropogenic magnetic particles. This study presents the first record of the contamination of technogenic magnetic particles and potentially toxic elements in peat archives. By using radiocarbon and lead dating methods, the study assesses the accumulation of magnetic particles and heavy metals in peat profiles and their correlation with periods of industrial activity.
WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maria Magdalena Szuszkiewicz, Adam Lukasik, Eduard Petrovsky, Hana Grison, Ewa Blonska, Jaroslaw Lasota, Marcin Szuszkiewicz
Summary: Recent research has demonstrated the benefits of combining environmental magnetism and geochemical analyses in estimating anthropogenic pollution by analyzing atmospheric deposition in local environments. However, there is a lack of studies on Sahara dust particles deposited on snow in central Europe that utilize magnetic methods. This study investigates the magnetic features of Saharan dust recorded in snowfall in Poland and provides insight into the chemical compositions. The results reveal the presence of magnetite and hematite in the dust-enriched horizon, as well as geogenic and anthropogenic elements. The concentrations of geogenic elements, nutrients, and anthropogenic elements in the snow samples with Saharan dust are significantly higher compared to those without Saharan dust.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Michal S. Bucko, Tadeusz Magiera, Beata Gorka-Kostrubiec, Malgorzata Wawer
Summary: This research investigates the current state of a peat bog located in the Torfowisko pod Wegli 'ncem nature reserve in south-western Poland using a combination of magnetic, geochemical and microscopic techniques. The study reveals that the surface layer of the protected peat bog area is contaminated by strongly-magnetic materials and higher concentrations of certain chemical elements. The vertical distribution of magnetic susceptibility and chemical elements indicates a strong correlation, suggesting that the identified anthropogenic contaminants accumulate via atmospheric deposition. Microscopic analysis identifies two types of metal-rich particulates in the peat samples. Radiocarbon dating suggests that the formation of the contaminated top peat layer has occurred in the last 300 years.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tadeusz Magiera, Beata Gorka-Kostrubiec, Tadeusz Szumiata, Micha l S. Bucko
Summary: The study investigates the magnetic properties and Mossbauer spectra of technogenic magnetic particles (TMPs) from different pollution sources, including non-ferrous metallurgy, cement, coke, glass production, and long-range transport. The results show that specific pollution sources can be distinguished based on the applied parameters. The properties and composition of TMPs from different sources vary significantly.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Slawomir Janas, Tadeusz Magiera, Tadeusz Szumiata
Summary: This study presents a method for measuring the magnetic susceptibility of soil samples based on the interaction between magnetic particles and a weighed permanent magnet. The results show that the magnetic particles in the samples have a significant impact on the magnetic susceptibility.
METROLOGY AND MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Attila Csaba Kondor, Anna Viktoria Vancsik, Laszlo Bauer, Lili Szabo, Zoltan Szalai, Gergely Jakab, Gabor Maasz, Marta Pedrosa, Maria Jose Sampaio, Ana Rita Lado Ribeiro
Summary: This review provides a critical overview of research on the removal efficiency of priority substances and compounds of emerging concern through bank filtration, discussing influencing factors and future challenges. The findings show that the efficiency of bank filtration is influenced by multiple factors and varies for different substances.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xinyan Wang, Shuai Zhang, Huihui Yan, Zhao Ma, Yunshan Zhang, Haining Luo, Xueli Yang
Summary: This study investigated the association between ambient PM2.5, O3 pollution, and ovarian reserve in reproductive-aged Chinese women. The results showed that increased exposure to PM2.5 and O3 was associated with decreased AMH levels, indicating reduced ovarian reserve. Notably, the effects of O3 exposure on ovarian reserve were different from those of PM2.5 exposure.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tingting Ma, Yanjuan Ding, Fengjiao Xu, Chen Zhang, Min Zhou, Ya Tang, Yanrong Chen, Yating Wen, Rufei Chen, Bin Tang, Shigui Wang
Summary: The dragonfly species Orthetrum albistylum can accumulate heavy metals, and its heat shock protein genes have the potential to serve as biomarkers for monitoring environmental pollutants.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Naoto Ishiwaka, Koya Hashimoto, Masayoshi K. Hiraiwa, Francisco Sanchez-Bayo, Taku Kadoya, Daisuke Hayasaka
Summary: Systemic insecticides and rising temperatures have combined effects on the abundance of Odonata nymphs in paddy fields. The standalone effect of insecticide exposure decreased the Odonata community, while nymphs decreased synergistically with temperature rise in paddy water. However, the impacts of each stressor alone varied among species.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Marco Vecchiato, Carlo Barbante, Elena Barbaro, Francois Burgay, Warren R. L. Cairns, Alice Callegaro, David Cappelletti, Federico Dallo, Marianna D'Amico, Matteo Feltracco, Jean-Charles Gallet, Andrea Gambaro, Catherine Larose, Niccolo Maffezzoli, Mauro Mazzola, Ivan Sartorato, Federico Scoto, Clara Turetta, Massimiliano Varde, Zhiyong Xie, Andrea Spolaor
Summary: The Arctic region is facing contamination from long-range pollution and local human activities. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are used as environmental indicators for emission, transport, and deposition processes. Research conducted in the Arctic surface snow in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard from October 2018 to May 2019 shows that long-range inputs of PAHs mainly occur in winter, while the most abundant analyte retene exhibits opposite seasonal trends.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2024)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Maoshui Zhuo, Zhijie Chen, Xiaoqing Liu, Wei Wei, Yansong Shen, Bing-Jie Ni
Summary: This paper discusses the application of three catalytic processes (photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, and biocatalysis) in the management of microplastic pollution, and introduces the efficiency and catalytic mechanisms of different catalysts. It also proposes the development prospects for sustainable management of microplastic pollution.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shiyu Chen, Zhenzhen Shi, Qiang Zhang
Summary: In this study, a human physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model of diethyl phthalate (DEP) was developed to assess its toxicity. The model considers the distribution and metabolism of DEP and its active metabolite monoethyl phthalate (MEP) in different tissue compartments. Sensitivity analysis and Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulations were performed to evaluate the uncertainty and variability of the model parameters. The results suggest that dermal absorption is an important route of exposure to DEP in the environment.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bangguo Wang, Lijing Wang, Wenxi Cen, Tao Lyu, Peter Jarvis, Yang Zhang, Yuanxun Zhang, Yinghui Han, Lei Wang, Gang Pan, Kaili Zhang, Wei Fan
Summary: This study investigates the feasibility and mechanisms of a chemical-free nanobubble-based AOP for treating organic micropollutants in water. The results show that the oxygen nanobubble AOP has a significantly higher removal efficiency compared to air and nitrogen nanobubbles. The treatment performance is not affected by pH and the presence of ions. Higher initial concentrations of the micropollutant lead to slower treatment processes, but similar removal performance is achieved in the end. The presence of organic matter reduces the removal rate of the micropollutant. The results have practical feasibility for water and wastewater treatment.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yingmei Huang, Jicai Yi, Yao Huang, Songxiong Zhong, Bin Zhao, Jing Zhou, Yuxuan Wang, Yiwen Zhu, Yanhong Du, Fangbai Li
Summary: This study investigates the impact of biochar on methylmercury (MeHg) accumulation in rice. The results show that biochar reduces MeHg levels in paddy soils by decreasing bioavailable Hg and microbial Hg methylation. Additionally, biochar decreases the uptake and translocation of MeHg in rice plants, resulting in a reduction of MeHg accumulation in rice grains.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nengde Zeng, Fei Huang, Jiani Du, Chenghao Huang, Qian Yang, Xinhua Zhan, Baoshan Xing
Summary: This study investigates the protein targets and protein-ligand interactions related to PAH contamination in crop xylem sap using computational tools. The results show that phenanthrene has a more pronounced effect on the xylem sap proteins of maize and wheat, with maize DEPs associated with lipid biosynthesis and wheat DEPs exhibiting an increase in ABC transporters. This study provides insights into the regulation and movement of PAHs within plant xylem.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xinwei Chen, Hao Ma, Run Wang, Man Wang, Binbin Zhu, Yanqing Cong, Xiayue Zhu, Guoqin Wang, Yi Zhang
Summary: Co3O4/TiO2-NRs electrodes with excellent photoresponse were prepared via plasma-assisted modification of Co3O4 on TiO2. The combination of Co3O4 and TiO2 improved the light utilization efficiency and showed potential for degradation of pollutants.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wenjing Ji, Liying Song, Jing Wang, Hongqing Song
Summary: This study conducted a life-cycle assessment to examine the correlation between natural gas consumption and carbon emissions in different end uses in China. The results showed that both natural gas consumption and life-cycle carbon emissions have been increasing since 2017. Significant variations in NG life-cycle carbon emissions were found across different provinces and sectors, highlighting the need for targeted efforts to reduce carbon emissions.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Youyi Chen, Boxuan Zhang, Pojun Zhang, Guogui Shi, Hao Liang, Wu Cai, Jingyu Gao, Sumin Zhuang, Kaiyin Luo, Jiaqi Zhu, Chaoxiang Chen, Kunyu Ma, Jinrong Chen, Chun Hu, Xueci Xing
Summary: The synergistic effects of trace sulfadiazine and cast-iron corrosion scales on the formation of disinfection by-products in drinking water distribution systems were investigated. The presence of magnetite resulted in increased concentrations of DBPs due to the higher microbial activity and enhanced microbial extracellular electron transport pathway. The study highlights the importance of considering trace antibiotics pollution and corrosion scales in water sources for DBP control.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2024)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Bishwa Raj Pokharel, Vijay Sheri, Manoj Kumar, Zhiyong Zhang, Baohong Zhang
Summary: This review summarizes the interactions, uptake, and transport of aluminum nanoparticles (Al-NPs) in plants, highlighting their negative effects on plant growth and development, as well as their potential to alter plant defense systems and gene expression.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yonglu Wang, Fengsong Zhang, Xiaoyong Liao, Xiao Yang, Guixiang Zhang, Liyun Zhang, Chaojun Wei, Pengge Shi, Jiongxin Wen, Xiaorong Ju, Can Xu, Yang Liu, Ying Lan
Summary: This study aims to explore the effects of thiencarbazone-methyl center dot isoxaflutole on soil microflora and the potential mitigation mechanisms to bacterial communities. It was found that increasing the application of thiencarbazone-methyl center dot isoxaflutole resulted in increased stress on soil bacterial community structure and diversity. Increasing soil pH was recognized as a key factor in improving the diversity and structure of soil microflora. Supplemental use of nitrapyrin or modified attapulgite can increase soil pH and improve bacterial diversity.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2024)
