Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aleksander Braczkowski, Ralph Schenk, Dinal Samarasinghe, Duan Biggs, Allie Richardson, Nicholas Swanson, Merlin Swanson, Arjun Dheer, Julien Fattebert
Summary: Robust measures of animal densities are essential for wildlife management. However, there is a lack of credible population estimates for leopards and spotted hyenas in East Africa and Uganda. This study provides the first robust population estimate for these species in Uganda, with leopard densities estimated at 6.31 individuals/100 km(2) and spotted hyena densities at 10.99 individuals/100 km(2). The study also highlights the importance of impala densities and the absence of competition from African lions in determining the densities of these predators.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Lev Kolinski, Krista M. Milich
Summary: The attitudes of community members living around protected areas, specifically Kibale National Park in Uganda, are crucial for effective conservation strategies. By implementing sustainable human-wildlife conflict mitigation strategies, such as digging trenches, installing beehive fences, planting tea, and growing garlic, it is possible to improve relationships between communities and wildlife while reducing crop destruction. Results showed a positive correlation between participation in the project and perceived benefits of living near the park, as well as improved attitudes towards the Uganda Wildlife Authority. This research will inform future conservation initiatives in similar areas where human-animal conflicts occur.
Article
Zoology
Mingzhang Liu, Yiqing Wang, Fan Xia, Hongliang Bu, Yanlin Liu, Xiaoli Shen, Sheng Li
Summary: This study investigated the impact of livestock on the habitat use and activity patterns of the endangered North Chinese leopard and its prey species. The results showed that roe deer avoided areas frequented by cattle, while wild boar did not. Leopards shared habitats with cattle and increased their diurnal activities where cattle were present. Livestock depredation frequency was positively correlated with the detection rates of cattle and wild prey.
INTEGRATIVE ZOOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Charlotte E. Hacker, Matthew Jevit, Shafqat Hussain, Ghulam Muhammad, Bariushaa Munkhtsog, Bayaraa Munkhtsog, Yuguang Zhang, Diqiang Li, Yanlin Liu, John D. Farrington, Farida Balbakova, Azat Alamanov, Omurbek Kurmanaliev, Chimeddorj Buyanaa, Gantulga Bayandonoi, Munkhtogtokh Ochirjav, Xuchang Liang, Xiaoxing Bian, Byron Weckworth, Rodney Jackson, Jan E. Janecka
Summary: The study applied next-generation sequencing technology to analyze the diet of snow leopards using DNA metabarcoding, revealing a diverse range of prey species consumed, including both wild and domestic animals. Results showed that regionally specific wild prey play a crucial role in sustaining snow leopard populations, although livestock also make up a significant portion of their diet in certain areas.
BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Faraz Akrim, Neelum Khursheed, Jerrold L. Belant, Tahir Mehmood, Tariq Mahmood, Aamish Rafique, Siddiqa Qasim, Alina Mushtaq, Sanwal Aslam, Zahid Ahmed Subhani, Uzma Habib, Shafqaat Ahmed Hashmi, Asad Aslam, Nadeem Munawar
Summary: Human-leopard conflicts in Banna Valley, Pakistan have contributed significantly to the decline in leopard populations. Attacks by leopards are most frequent during the afternoon and evening, especially outside of protected areas. The livestock depredation by leopards results in substantial economic losses, but measures such as constructing corrals, increasing guarding efforts, and changing the types of livestock kept can reduce the frequency of depredations and promote coexistence.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2023)
Review
Biodiversity Conservation
Cassandre C. Venumiere-Lefebvre, Stewart W. Breck, Kevin R. Crooks
Summary: This study provides a global perspective on human-carnivore coexistence by analyzing literature published between 1987 and 2020. It found that the term coexistence is often used without a clear definition, with a focus on carnivore ecology and a lack of attention to social conflict. The study also revealed the dominance of European and North American authors and a bias towards larger carnivores. The authors propose a simplified definition of coexistence and encourage researchers to explore the social dimensions and broaden their study scope.
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Raj Kumar Sijapati, Hari Prasad Sharma, Sandhya Sharma, Janak Raj Subedi, Jerrold L. Belant
Summary: Livestock depredations by large carnivores, such as leopards and tigers, are increasing in rural Nepal. Factors influencing livestock depredations include carnivore species, animal husbandry practices, season, and deterrent techniques. Wildlife attacks on livestock near human settlements are severe and affecting livelihoods, with leopards killing more livestock than tigers.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Ben Ma, Zhen Cai, Yilei Hou, Yali Wen
Summary: Human-wildlife conflict leads to significant losses for communities living within protected areas, and it is crucial to establish a compensation system for these losses. This study conducted surveys within and around China's Giant Panda National Park to measure the costs of human-wildlife conflict. The results reveal that the visible costs per household, including crop loss, livestock depredation, property damage, and human fatalities and injury, amounted to 2185.6 Yuan ($316.9). The study also shows that human-wildlife conflict reduced per capita net income by 15.3% and had a significant impact on household well-being, with the average cost of well-being loss being 38.5% of per capita net income.
JOURNAL FOR NATURE CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Xiang Feng, Qian Peng, Yunnan Chen, Weiyue Li
Summary: This paper uses remote sensing data to examine the divergence between national park boundaries and natural habitat distribution. The study finds that this divergence is influenced by global warming and has a significant impact on the living conditions of local people. The authors propose the establishment of cooperative conservation areas to address these issues.
Article
Zoology
D. Lham, G. Cozzi, S. Sommer, S. Wangchuk, K. Lham, A. Ozgul
Summary: This study in Bhutan used snow leopard scat samples and prey hair structure analysis to reveal the snow leopard's diet and ecological determinants of livestock depredation, finding that snow leopards mainly prey on wild ungulates, and that livestock depredation is more common in summer and varies among protected areas with different wildlife densities. These findings will help in developing site-based management plans to ensure the long-term survival of snow leopards in Bhutan.
JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jason S. Hagani, Sara M. Kross, Michael Clark, Rae Wynn-Grant, Mary Blair
Summary: Black bears are a common and iconic species in the US, but negative interactions with humans can hinder conservation efforts. In the Catskills region of New York, over 400 conflicts between people and bears are reported each year, primarily due to poor trash management. Research shows that conflicts are more likely to occur in residential areas at the urban-wildland interface.
Article
Zoology
Francis Lesilau, Stijn Verschueren, Maarten van't Zelfde, Kees C. J. M. Musters, Geert R. de Snoo, Hans H. de Iongh
Summary: Lions near Nairobi National Park exhibit restricted movements with small home ranges. Male lions have larger ranges than females, but both sexes show similar avoidance behavior towards disturbed areas. Lions take advantage of times with low human activity, such as at night, to extend their ranging behavior in search of resources. However, during the wet season when lions roam longer and more frequently, the risk for livestock depredation increases.
Article
Ecology
Mahmood Soofi, Mobin Soufi, Andy Royle, Matthias Waltert, Igor Khorozyan
Summary: Using dogs can reduce predation on livestock, although complete elimination is not possible. The presence of shepherds and the number of dogs can significantly decrease predation rates by wolves in corrals at night.
BASIC AND APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bindu Pant, Hari Prasad Sharma, Bhagawan Raj Dahal, Sandeep Regmi, Jerrold L. Belant
Summary: Human-wildlife interactions occur in areas where humans and wildlife coexist, leading to conflicts such as human injuries, livestock and crop damage, and property loss. A study conducted in the buffer zone of Shuklaphanta National Park found that wild boar, leopard, and Asian elephants were the main species causing conflicts. Electric fencing and mesh wire fencing were recommended as effective deterrents for large herbivores. Collaboration among various stakeholders is crucial in mitigating human-wildlife conflicts in the region.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaoyu Zhang, Xiaogang Ning, Hao Wang, Xiaoyuan Zhang, Yafei Liu, Weiwei Zhang
Summary: This study constructed a risk assessment methodology to quantify the risk of human activities on landscape fragmentation in a nature reserve. The study found that different human activity factors had different impact patterns on landscape fragmentation and showed variations in impact risk areas over time.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Tariq Mahmood, Faraz Akrim, Nausheen Irshad, Riaz Hussain, Hira Fatima, Shaista Andleeb, Ayesha Aihetasham
Article
Zoology
Abid Hussain, Tariq Mahmood, Faraz Akrim, Shaista Andleeb, Hira Fatima, Abdul Hamid, Muhammad Waseem
Article
Zoology
Tariq Mahmood, Ijaz Ahmad, Faraz Akrim, Abdul Hamid, Muhammad Waseem, Abid Hussain, Muhammad Sajid Nadeem
PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tariq Mahmood, Ayesha Younas, Faraz Akrim, Shaista Andleeb, Abdul Hamid, Muhammad Sajid Nadeem
Article
Ecology
Fatima Hira, Tariq Janjua Mahmood, Ali Sakhawat, Akrim Faraz, Farooq Muhammad, Andleeb Shaista
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Muhammad Waseem, Barkatullah Khan, Tariq Mahmood, Hafiz Sajid Hussain, Rizwana Aziz, Faraz Akrim, Tariq Ahmad, Rabia Nazir, Mirza Wajid Ali, Muhammad Naeem Awan
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tariq Mahmood, Tuong Thuy Vu, Ahimsa Campos-Arceiz, Faraz Akrim, Shaista Andleeb, Muhammad Farooq, Abdul Hamid, Nadeem Munawar, Muhammad Waseem, Abid Hussain, Hira Fatima, Muhammad Raza Khan, Sajid Mahmood
Summary: The study highlights the decline and range contraction of large mammals in Asia due to human impacts. Defaunation maps reveal the disappearance of megafauna from parts of Asia, with some protected areas losing up to eight out of ten megafaunal species. These maps can aid in developing conservation policies to save the remaining distribution ranges of large mammals.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Faraz Akrim, Tariq Mahmood, Jerrold L. Belant, Muhammad Sajid Nadeem, Siddiqa Qasim, Tashi Dhendup, Hira Fatima, Syed Afaq Bukhari, Asad Aslam, Humera Younis, Zahid Ahmed Subhani, Shafqaat Ahmed Hashmi, Nadeem Munawar
Summary: Research found that Asian palm civets and small Indian civets in Pakistan have low spatial and temporal overlap, but high dietary overlap, indicating strong interspecific competition.
Article
Zoology
Nausheen Irshad, Maria Akhter, Tariq Mahmood, Faraz Akrim, Muhammad Rafique Khan, Muhammad Sajid Nadeem
Summary: This study investigated the presence and diet of the Near Threatened Altai weasel in the Bunjosa Game Reserve, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. The research confirmed the occurrence of the species through field sightings and analyzed fecal samples to determine its diet. The Altai weasel primarily consumes insects and small mammals, with some plant matter.
PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Zoology
Tariq Mahmood, Shakeela Ismail, Faraz Akrim, Muhammad Farooq, Nadeem Munawar, Muhammad Raza Khan
Summary: The grey wolf and the Tibetan wolf are two wolf species reported in Pakistan. There is limited scientific data and research on the grey wolf's ecology and conservation, and the species is also facing persecution due to predation on livestock in many areas.
PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
A. Saman'T Mahmood, A. Razaq, N. Munawar, A. Baig, F. Akrim, M. Farooq
Summary: The short tailed mole rat is a rodent species found in croplands of the Pothwar Plateau. It primarily feeds on wheat and groundnut, but also consumes other fodder crops and wild vegetation, especially during non-cropping seasons.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND PLANT SCIENCES-JAPS
(2022)
Article
Zoology
Hira Fatima, Tariq Mahmood, Lauren Mae Hennelly, Muhammad Farooq, Faraz Akrim, Muhammad Sajid Nadeem
Summary: The study investigated the distribution and dietary habits of leopard cats in Margalla Hills National Park in Pakistan, finding that they mainly feed on wild animal prey and plant species, with an increase in consumption of domestic prey in winter.
ZOOLOGICAL STUDIES
(2021)
Article
Zoology
Muhammad Waseem, Tariq Mahmood, Abid Hussain, Abdul Hamid, Faraz Akrim, Shaista Andleeb, Hira Fatima
PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Zoology
Muhammad Raza Khan, Tariq Mahmood, Hira Fatima, Faraz Akrim, Shaista Andleeb, Abdul Hamid
PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
(2020)