Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yonghui Han, Jinlong Wang, Daliang Xu, Jialin Song, Hesong Wang, Xuewu Zhu, Xinsheng Luo, Liu Yang, Guibai Li, Heng Liang
Summary: The application of ultrafiltration technology in algae-laden water is limited due to membrane fouling. However, a Ferrate/FeSO4 pretreatment can improve the UF performance by increasing the agglomerative tendency of algal foulants and enhancing the removal effect of algal organics through in-situ generated Fe(III). This strategy effectively mitigates algal-source membrane fouling and improves the UF performance.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Wenkai Liu, Kaihan Yang, Fangshu Qu, Bin Liu
Summary: In this study, a moderate oxidation strategy using in-situ pretreatment with ferrous activated sulfite was found to be effective in reducing membrane fouling and improving the rejection of organic matter in algae-laden water. The sulfite-based pretreatment also showed good removal of disinfection byproducts and increased the proportion of hydrophilic substances.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiaoxiang Cheng, Jinchuan Lian, Bin Liu, Xuewu Zhu, Yan Jin, Lijie Zhang, Fengxun Tan, Daoji Wu, Heng Liang
Summary: To alleviate severe algal-source membrane fouling in the UF process, a combination of calcium sulfite (CaSO3) and ferrate (Fe(VI)) pre-treatment was proposed. The integrated pre-treatment improved the removal rate of algae cells and generated larger flocs with better settleability. The oxidation capacity was strengthened during the Fe(VI)/CaSO3 process, leading to enhanced fouling alleviation and in-situ coagulation efficiency.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhijun Ren, Siyang Wang, Qiuwen Wang, Longyi Lv, Dongyu Xu, Yilin Dong, Jinlong Han, Mathias Ulbricht, Li Sun, Xiaoyang Liu
Summary: Moderate KMnO4/Fe(II) pre-oxidation is a promising technique to alleviate membrane fouling and minimize environmental risks caused by the breakage of algae cells. This study investigates the performances of various components and their influences on fouling characteristics.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Tingting Zhu, Zhun Zhou, Fangshu Qu, Bin Liu, Bart Van der Bruggen
Summary: The study demonstrated that natural surfactants can enhance the hydrophilicity of algae interface and stability of algae-laden water, reducing algae aggregation. While SDS or LAS aggravated membrane fouling in the initial filtration process, it alleviated fouling later on due to a looser cake layer formation. Surfactants led to more pore blocking in the early stage, resulting in a significant decrease in total flux. Additionally, SDS or LAS reduced disinfection byproduct formation potential by degrading free available chlorine, but increased algal toxins concentration in ultrafiltration effluent, indicating a high impact on separation performance.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tingting Zhu, Fangshu Qu, Bin Liu, Heng Liang
Summary: With the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of people's living standards, more chemicals that humans rely on are entering the city and surrounding water bodies. Anionic surfactants, one of the essential products for human beings, are also one of the inducements that cause eutrophication. To solve the problem, the influence of typical anionic surfactants (SDS and LAS) on coagulation-enhanced ultrafiltration for algae-laden water treatment was investigated. The presence of these surfactants interfered with the ultrafiltration process and resulted in more organic compounds penetrating the membrane pores and blocking them.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jinchuan Lian, Xiaoxiang Cheng, Xuewu Zhu, Xinsheng Luo, Jingtao Xu, Fengxun Tan, Daoji Wu, Heng Liang
Summary: In this study, ferrate (Fe(VI)) and calcium sulfite (CaSO3) were combined to improve ultrafiltration (UF) performance in surface water treatment. The combination of Fe(VI) and CaSO3 generated various active species, effectively eliminating fluorescent components. Dissolved organic carbon and UV254 were significantly reduced with Fe(VI)/CaSO3 = 0.05/0.15 mM. After UF, the removal rate for these parameters were further improved. The UF stage also resulted in reduced fouling and improved membrane performance.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zhiwei Zhou, Chunjiao Liu, Liping Tian, Huiping Wang, Yanling Yang, Xiaobo Wang, Xiaoxiang Cheng
Summary: Moderate pre-photocatalysis-enhanced coagulation can effectively remove algal contaminants and mitigate ultrafiltration membrane fouling, while reducing the dosage of coagulant.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wenxin Song, Zhimin Gao, Chengsi Hou, Xiaoxiang Cheng, Jinchuan Lian, Tao Yang, Zhiwei Zhou, Daoji Wu, Heng Liang
Summary: A strategy of pre-oxidation with sodium percarbonate (SPC) enhanced by chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (HTCC) coagulation was proposed to improve the performance of ultrafiltration (UF) for algae removal. The results showed that the SPC-HTCC treatment had a significant effect on the removal of algal pollutants, reducing their concentration and alleviating membrane fouling.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Tingting Zhu, Bin Liu
Summary: In this study, peracetic acid (PAA), ultraviolet (UV)/PAA, and ultrasonic (US)/PAA pre-oxidation were used to improve the ultrafiltration (UF) performance for algae-laden water treatment. The results showed that PAA at a dosage of 10 mg/L achieved the best performance with a 76.26% reduction in membrane fouling resistance. Low dosage of UV/PAA effectively controlled fouling by enhancing the degradation of dissolved organics. The study also revealed that moderate oxidation, with high organic degradation and low cell rupture, was the key principle for algae-laden water treatment.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Peng Tang, Baicang Liu, Wancen Xie, Panpan Wang, Qiping He, Jin Bao, Yongli Zhang, Zhenghua Zhang, Jing Li, Jun Ma
Summary: The study demonstrates that Fe(VI) pretreatment can significantly reduce membrane fouling in treating SGW with UF membrane, improving effluent quality mainly by oxidizing organic matters and enhancing the interaction forces between membrane and foulants.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Y. Lin, Y. Lou, A. Li, Y. Wei, H. Li, M. Zhou, Y. Li
Summary: Pre-oxidation of organic compounds before coagulation in drinking water treatment can improve carbon removal but also increase the generation of disinfection byproducts. The concentration of oxidants shows a trend where the removal of turbidity, dissolved organic carbon, and dissolved organic matter initially decreases and then increases. The major disinfection byproducts identified were chloroform, trichloroacetaldehyde, and dichloroacetonitrile, with the nitrogen-containing disinfection byproducts contributing the most to cytotoxicity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jun Yin, Maria Fidalgo, Baolin Deng
Summary: This study evaluates the application of oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes/polysulfone nanocomposite hollow fiber membranes in removing natural organic matters and reducing disinfection by-products formation after water chlorination. The results show that the fabricated nanocomposite membranes have improved fouling resistance, solute rejection rate, and can significantly reduce the levels of organic matters and trihalomethane formation potential in water samples.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jing Zhao, Wei Jiang, Hesong Wang, Han Zhang, Jinlong Wang, Jiaxuan Yang, Dachao Lin, Heng Liang
Summary: This study presents a ferrate-enhanced electrocoagulation/ultrafiltration (fECUF) system for superior water production, excellent fouling control, and outstanding environmental risk reduction. The system effectively reduces rapid membrane fouling and maintains membrane flux by forming a unique bilayer cake layer. The fECUF system achieves higher removal efficiency of organic substances and antibiotic resistance genes compared to the UF control system.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Feilong Dong, Qiufeng Lin, Cong Li, Liping Wang, Andreina Garcia
Summary: The combination of UV and chlorination effectively inhibits algal growth and reduces the formation of DBPs in algal-impacted surface waters. Higher UV doses, longer oxidation time, and neutral to acidic pH conditions are beneficial in controlling DBPs formation. UV/chlorination can promote brominated DBPs formation while reducing chlorinated DBPs in algal solutions containing bromide, making it a feasible treatment method for algal-rich water.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Tao Yang, Sisi Wu, Chunping Liu, Yulei Liu, Haochen Zhang, Haijun Cheng, Lu Wang, Lin Guo, Yuying Li, Minchao Liu, Jun Ma
Summary: ROX can be efficiently degraded by UV/chlorine, with the highest degradation rate at pH 7.5, and over 98% of total As can be removed by ferrous after UV/chlorine treatment; cytotoxicity significantly increases during the degradation of ROX, but can be greatly reduced by the combination of UV/chlorine and adsorption.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shi-Qi Tian, Jing-Yao Qi, Yun-Peng Wang, Yu-Lei Liu, Lu Wang, Jun Ma
Summary: Biochar loaded with manganese and iron showed excellent catalytic ozonation activity, effectively removing atrazine with hydroxyl radicals as the main oxidant. The enhanced adsorption and decomposition of O-3 on the loaded biochar led to improved degradation pathways of atrazine, reducing toxicity of oxidation products significantly. This research indicates the great potential of Mn-loaded and Fe-loaded biochar for heterogeneous catalytic ozonation in water pollution treatment.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zhuo-Yu Li, Lu Wang, Yu-Lei Liu, Pei-Nan He, Xin Zhang, Jia Chen, Hai-Teng Gu, Hao-Chen Zhang, Jun Ma
Summary: This study compared the degradation efficiency of two hydroxylamine salts on dimethyl phthalate and found that Cl- significantly improved the production of hydroxyl radicals, affecting the oxidation intermediates. It was revealed for the first time that Cl- could shift reactive species from Fe(IV) to radicals in the PMS/Fe(II) system.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xian-Shi Wang, Heng Song, Jing Zhang, Yu-Lei Liu, Jun Ma, Lu Wang
Summary: HOCl was found to effectively convert iodinated phenolic disinfection byproducts into non-toxic iodate and less toxic chlorinated aliphatic DBPs, reducing the acute toxicity of water samples containing iodophenols. Further investigations on the transformation and toxicity alteration of emerging DBPs during chlorination/booster chlorination are warranted due to the widespread use of chlorine as a disinfectant.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zhuo-Yu Li, Yu-Lei Liu, Pei-Nan He, Xin Zhang, Lu Wang, Hai-Teng Gu, Hao-Chen Zhang, Jun Ma
Summary: Hydroxylamine has been found to transform Fe(IV) into radicals (SO4 center dot- and center dot OH) during potential pollutants oxidation in Fe(II)/hydroxylamine/PDS system. Experimental results indicate that hydroxylamine promotes the production of SO4 center dot- significantly, while inhibiting the production of Fe(IV) as its concentration increases from 0.2 to 1.4 mM.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xian-Shi Wang, Yu-Lei Liu, Li-Xu Xue, Heng Song, Xiang-Rui Pan, Zhe Huang, Shu-Yue Xu, Jun Ma, Lu Wang
Summary: Up to 15 disinfection byproducts (DBPs) were found in anthracite-filtered water, while DBPs were undetectable in water filtered with other materials. New anthracite-filtered water contained lower levels of dissolved organic carbon, dissolved organic nitrogen, and ammonia nitrogen compared to aged anthracite-filtered water. Organic carbon was released into the filtered water, with a small percentage being toxic and carcinogenic aromatic carbons.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiao-Na Zhao, Zhuang-Song Huang, Gui-Jing Wang, Yu-Lei Liu, Wei-Wei Song, Jun Ma, Lu Wang
Summary: Manganese ion (Mn(II)) in groundwater, caused by the contamination of molybdenum mining, inhibited the oxidation of organic pollutants by Fe(VI). However, it was found that the Fe(VI)/Mn(II) system significantly improved the oxidation efficiency of bisphenol compounds (BPA, BPF, AAP, and 4-tBP) at pH 7.0.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Qingliang Liu, Jinan Zhu, Lu Wang, Xianshi Wang, Zhuangsong Huang, Feng Zhao, Jing Zou, Yulei Liu, Jun Ma
Summary: Microbes play a dominant role in the degradation of organic contaminants in the environment, yet there is still a lack of understanding regarding the degradation mechanism and the function of different species. This study explores the possible biodegradation of triclosan in a microbial fuel cell, investigating degradation kinetics, microbial community, and possible degradation products. Triclosan at a concentration of 5 mg/L could be degraded within 3 days, with an intermediate degradation product (2,4-dichlorophen) further degraded in the system. A total of 32 dominant bacteria (relative intensity >0.5%) were identified in the biofilm, and 10 possible degradation products were identified. By analyzing the potential bioreactions and degradation pathway based on the identified products, the biodegradation mechanism and function of the bacteria involved in triclosan degradation were clarified. This study provides valuable information for understanding the degradation mechanism of organic pollutants in mixed flora through analysis of the microbiome community and degradation pathway.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Wei Shi, Xiaojing Liu, Yulei Liu, Dong Li, Xili Tong, Jun Ma, Lu Wang
Summary: The effect of a robust and easy-recovery catalyst, Fe2O3/Al2O3-SiC, for catalytic ozonation of hardly biodegradable COD in coking wastewater was explored. The catalyst showed a higher removal ratio of hard COD and generation speed of hydroxyl radical compared to ozonation alone. In a full-scale application, Fe2O3/Al2O3-SiC catalytic ozonation decreased ozone consumption and operation cost.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yunpeng Wang, Zijun Xiao, Yulei Liu, Wenjie Tian, Zhuangsong Huang, Xiaona Zhao, Lu Wang, Shaobin Wang, Jun Ma
Summary: This study found that carbon quantum dots (CQDs) played a significant role in the water purification process using Fe(VI) as a catalyst. CQDs facilitated direct electron transfer (DET) from organic pollutants to Fe(VI), improving the oxidation efficiency and alleviating the negative impact of solution pH and background constituents.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xian-Shi Wang, Heng Song, Yu-Lei Liu, Xiang-Rui Pan, Hao-Chen Zhang, Zhi Gao, De-Zhen Kong, Rui Wang, Lu Wang, Jun Ma
Summary: The study developed a method for evaluating the removal of micrometer-sized microplastics in water treatment, and found that FeCl3 and polyaluminum chloride were the most effective coagulants for microplastic removal. Filtration and ferrate oxidation also showed some removal efficiency.
ACS ES&T ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hai-Yang He, Wei Qiu, Yu-Lei Liu, Shu-Yue Xu, Jun Ma, Lu Wang
Summary: In the ultrafiltration of river water, a hydrophilic layer composed of ferrate can effectively attenuate membrane fouling, improve membrane flux, and reduce membrane fouling resistance. This layer is also beneficial for rejecting transphilic dissolved organic carbon and alleviating internal membrane fouling.
ACS ES&T ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yu-Lei Liu, Yan-Ting Li, Lu Wang, Wei Wang, Jun Ma
Summary: Adding a low dosage of Mn(II) to the Fe(VI) oxidant significantly improved the removal efficiency of Tl. The formation of floc in the presence of Fe(VI) and Mn(II) facilitated the adsorption and removal of trace Tl efficiently.
ACS ES&T ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Rong-Gui Zhu, Chang-Gui Pan, Feng-Jiao Peng, Chao-Yang Zhou, Jun-Jie Hu, Kefu Yu
Summary: This comprehensive survey investigated the occurrence, bioaccumulation, and trophic magnification of parabens and their metabolite 4-HB in a marine food web. Results showed that parabens were the predominant pollutants in marine organisms, with significant bioaccumulation from sediments. The estimated trophic magnification factor indicated biomagnification for MeP and trophic dilution for 4-HB. Overall, the risks for humans consuming marine organisms were found to be low.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Andres F. Torres-Franco, Deborah Leroy-Freitas, Cristina Martinez-Fraile, Elisa Rodriguez, Pedro A. Garcia-Encina, Raul Munoz
Summary: Anaerobic and microalgae-based technologies have emerged as sustainable alternatives for municipal wastewater treatment. However, the presence of viruses in the treated wastewater is a major concern for reuse applications. This study assessed the ability of these technologies to reduce viruses during secondary wastewater treatment. The results showed that all technologies were effective in reducing the concentration of viruses, with microalgae-based treatment exhibiting the highest potential for reducing the disinfection requirements of treated wastewater.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Young Gwang Kim, Sae Yun Kwon, Spencer J. Washburn, Scott C. Brooks, Ji Won Yoon, Lucien Besnard
Summary: The study uses Hg isotope ratios to identify the sources and exposure pathways of mercury in bivalves, finding that dissolved Hg phases in the water column are the primary source and exposure pathway to bivalves. This provides new insights into using bivalves as bioindicators for sediment quality monitoring.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hui Geng, Ying Xu, Rui Liu, Dianhai Yang, Xiaohu Dai
Summary: This study investigates the effect of cation exchange resin (CER) on the sequential recovery of hydrogen and methane from anaerobic digestion (AD) and the corresponding mechanisms. The results show that CER can simultaneously enhance the production of hydrogen and methane by promoting the solubilisation, hydrolysis, and acidification of organic matter. Additionally, CER facilitates effective contact between bacteria and organic particulates and reduces the energy barrier for mass transfer during methane production. The study also reveals changes in the microbial community structure and metagenomics during the AD process.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiaojing Lin, Zhan Jin, Shunfeng Jiang, Zhiquan Wang, Suqing Wu, Ke Bei, Min Zhao, Xiangyong Zheng
Summary: Dehumidification combined with addition of absorbent resin supplement (ARS) was used to achieve rapid evaporation of non-pretreated urine, resulting in high water evaporation efficiency and nutrient recovery.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yangli Che, Chaoran Lin, Shen Li, Jiao Liu, Longhai Zhu, Shilei Yu, Nan Wang, Haoshuai Li, Mutai Bao, Yang Zhou, Tonghao Si, Rui Bao
Summary: Hydrodynamic processes play a crucial role in the transmission of sediments, microbial assembly, and organic carbon redistribution in the ocean. Through experiments and analysis, we found that hydrodynamics shape the assembly of microbial communities and control the redistribution of different sourced organic carbon, thereby influencing microbial-mediated biogeochemical transformation.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Chao Chen, Yu Yang, Nigel J. D. Graham, Zhenyu Li, Xingtao Yang, Zhining Wang, Nadia Farhat, Johannes S. Vrouwenvelder, Li -an Hou
Summary: The fouling of seawater reverse osmosis membranes is a persistent challenge in desalination. This study monitored the operational performance of a desalination plant for 7 years and the fouling development in different areas of membrane modules. The findings showed that operational performance declined over time and fouling mainly occurred at the feed side of the modules, with the highest microbial diversity. Keystone species like Chloroflexi and Planctomycetes played an important role in maintaining community structure and biofilm maturation. Polysaccharides, soluble microbial products, marine humic acid-like substances, and inorganic substances contributed to fouling. Overall, biofouling had a significant impact on membrane fouling after 7 years of operation.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Dan Li, Jieyi Sun, Yibo Fu, Wentao Hong, Heli Wang, Qian Yang, Junhong Wu, Sen Yang, Jianhui Xu, Yunfei Zhang, Yirong Deng, Yin Zhong, Ping'an Peng
Summary: Sulfidation-oxidation treatment of magnetite (Fe3O4) enhances the production of dark center dot OH, which can efficiently degrade dissolved organic matter (DOM) and accelerate carbon cycling.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Cheng Yu, Kaijun Wang, Kaiyuan Zhang, Ruiyang Liu, Pingping Zheng
Summary: This study implemented a microaerobic-aerobic configuration in a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment facility and investigated the effects on sludge characteristics, pollutant removal, microbial community, and granulation mechanisms. The results showed successful transition from flocculent-activated sludge to well-defined AGS after two months of operation. The primary pathways for pollutant removal were simultaneous nitrification, denitrification, and phosphorus removal. Moreover, the incorporation of internal separators induced shifts in the flow pattern, which promoted granulation.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zhe Zhang, Shaoyang Hu, Guangrong Sun, Wei Wang
Summary: Halogenated aromatic disinfection byproducts (DBPs), such as halogenated phenols, have garnered widespread attention due to their high toxicity and prevalence. This study reports on the analysis, occurrence, and cytotoxicity of a group of emerging halogenated aromatic DBPs, known as halogenated polyhydroxyphenols (HPPs), in drinking water.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shengyue Chen, Jinliang Huang, Peng Wang, Xi Tang, Zhenyu Zhang
Summary: Accurate prediction of river water quality is crucial for sustainable water management. This study introduces wavelet analysis and transfer learning techniques to assist LSTM modeling, proposing a newly coupled modeling approach that improves short-term prediction of river water quality.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Bang Du, Xinmin Zhan, Piet N. L. Lens, Yifeng Zhang, Guangxue Wu
Summary: Efficient anaerobic digestion relies on the cooperation of different microorganisms with different metabolic pathways. This study investigated the effects of different operational modes and the addition of powdered activated carbon (PAC) on ethanol metabolic pathways. The results showed that the SBR mode and the presence of CO2 facilitated ethanol metabolism towards propionate production, while the CFR mode with extended solids retention time enriched Geobacter. Adjusting operational modes and PAC addition can modulate anaerobic ethanol metabolism and enrich Geobacter.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Wanfa Wang, Si-Liang Li, Jun Zhong, Yuanbi Yi, Fujun Yue, Zenglei Han, Qixin Wu, Ding He, Cong-Qiang Liu
Summary: This study compares the carbon biogeochemical processes in karst and non-karst regions within large thermal stratified river-reservoir systems. The results demonstrate that karst reservoirs have a reduced potential for carbon emissions and highlight the importance of considering geologic settings to improve accuracy in regional and global CO2 emission estimates.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Chunxia Jiang, Zelong Zhao, Dong Zhu, Xiong Pan, Yuyi Yang
Summary: This study analyzed the occurrence and distribution of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in different environmental media of the Yangtze River using metagenomics. Core resistome dominated by multidrug resistance genes was found in all samples, while rare resistome dominated by various resistance genes was more prevalent in plasmids. Specific bacteria were identified as hosts for both core and rare resistomes, with high clinical concern ARGs found in the rare resistome. Particle-associated environment provided the most ideal conditions for resistome hosts. This study provided insights into the genetic locations of ARGs and the community assembly mechanisms of ARG hosts in freshwater environments.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yu Zhang, Yongtao He, Linchun Jia, Lei Xu, Zheng Wang, Yueling He, Ling Xiong, Xumeng Lin, Hong Chen, Gang Xue
Summary: By synergizing organic carbon source, thiosulfate, and zero-valent iron, efficient mixotrophic denitrification of oligotrophic secondary effluent can be achieved. Thiosulfate plays a vital role in promoting TN removal efficiency, while corrosion of Fe0 releases OH- to neutralize H+ from thiosulfate-driven denitrification, creating a suitable environment for denitrification. The coordination of thiosulfate and Fe0 maintains the dominance of Thiobacillus for denitrification.
