Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Camelia Alexandra Coada, Giulia Dondi, Gloria Ravegnini, Antonio De Leo, Donatella Santini, Eugenia De Crescenzo, Marco Tesei, Alessandro Bovicelli, Susanna Giunchi, Ada Dormi, Marco Di Stanislao, Alessio G. Morganti, Dario De Biase, Pierandrea De Iaco, Anna Myriam Perrone
Summary: Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy. Risk stratification should be based on the integration of histologic, clinical, and molecular parameters.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alessandro Del Ponte, Lina Ang, Lianjun Li, Noah Lim, Wilson Wai San Tam, Wei Jie Seow
Summary: This study aimed to develop a reliable scale to assess public knowledge about air quality and test it in the United States, India, and China. The findings indicated that participants from India had the highest knowledge about air quality. Additionally, the pruned scales showed stronger associations between socioeconomic status and air quality knowledge compared to the original 10-item scale.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
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Endocrinology & Metabolism
Claire Rodier, Blandine Courbiere, Sara Fernandes, Marie Vermalle, Bretelle Florence, Noemie Resseguier, Thierry Brue, Thomas Cuny
Summary: PCOS and hPRL commonly coexist, with a quarter of cases attributed to microprolactinoma. The metoclopramide test can be helpful in distinguishing etiologies and potentially avoiding unnecessary pituitary MRI.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Kamila Sroka, Agata Binienda, Diana Jurk, Jakub Fichna, Michal Sienkiewicz
Summary: Cellular senescence plays a crucial role in aging and age-related diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). This review explores the connection between cellular senescence, telomeres, and IBD, highlighting the presence of senescence markers in IBD patients and the involvement of macrophages and telomere dysfunction. Targeting senescence and telomere dysfunctions may offer innovative therapeutic approaches for managing and treating IBD.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Bo Hu, Teng-Fei Meng, Yuan Li, Dao-Zhong Li, Long Chen
Summary: The study found that strain rate has a significant influence on the failure modes, compressive load-deformation curves, absorption energy, and splitting tensile bond strength of concrete interfaces, while surface roughness and interface age have minimal effects on the splitting tensile bond strength. Existing formulas for the dynamic increase factor of tensile strength of concrete-like materials cannot be applied to concrete interfaces, leading to the proposal of a new formula for the dynamic increase factor of the splitting tensile bond strength of concrete interfaces.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Varvara Lukyanchikova, Miroslav Nuriddinov, Polina Belokopytova, Alena Taskina, Jiangtao Liang, Maarten J. M. F. Reijnders, Livio Ruzzante, Romain Feron, Robert M. Waterhouse, Yang Wu, Chunhong Mao, Zhijian Tu, Igor Sharakhov, Veniamin Fishman
Summary: This study comprehensively profiles the genome organizations of five Anopheles mosquito species and demonstrates the influence of chromatin architecture at different levels. The study reveals the conservation of chromatin architecture over millions of years and the causal relationship between gene density and chromatin structure.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Psychology
C. J. Brainerd, D. M. Bialer, M. Chang, P. Upadhyay
Summary: The study found that there was no equivalent recognition accuracy between new and old judgments in recognition memory tasks. In fact, new judgments were more accurate for old items, while old judgments were more accurate for new items. Additionally, response latencies were found to depend on the extent to which judgments or items slant retrieval toward accessing verbatim traces.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-LEARNING MEMORY AND COGNITION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Selcuk Simsek, Savas Kaya, K. P. Katin, Ali Ozer, Nail Altunay, Ameni Brahmia, Zeynep Mine Senol, Halil Ibrahim Ulusoy
Summary: A new polyacrylamide-vermiculite composite was synthesized and characterized. The adsorption of uranyl ions on the composite material was investigated, and the adsorption process was found to follow pseudo-second-order kinetics. The composite material shows potential as an effective adsorbent for the removal of uranyl ions.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2022)
News Item
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David A. Hiller, Scott A. Strobel
Summary: Natural self-cleaving RNAs and artificial ribozymes differ in catalytic strategies, and new structures of a methyltransferase ribozyme reveal the potential diversity of RNA reactions and mechanisms.
NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medical Informatics
Michael Beil, P. Vernon van Heerden, Dylan W. de Lange, Wojciech Szczeklik, Susannah Leaver, Bertrand Guidet, Hans Flaatten, Christian Jung, Sigal Sviri, Leo Joskowicz
Summary: This study used the framework of information theory to evaluate the uncertainty in decision-making about life-sustaining treatment (LST) in the intensive care unit (ICU). The results showed that information about the severity of the acute illness was the most important, while age, gender, and geriatric characteristics contributed to a lesser degree. This suggests that there is still a gap in fully understanding decision-making about LST and further research is needed.
BMC MEDICAL INFORMATICS AND DECISION MAKING
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Dan Jiang, Lianlian (Dorothy) Jiang, Jackie London, Varun Grover, Heshan Sun
Summary: The theory borrowing practices in IS research have been criticized for being workmanlike and lacking innovation, especially in the midst of digital transformation. An investigation of the field's borrowing of transaction cost economics theory reveals that current IS research largely focuses on theory testing within the IS context, develops uninspiring models that reflect the borrowed theory, and treats the IS as an external actor. This article proposes an alternative approach inspired by conceptual blending theory, which takes into account the structural nature of IS phenomena and borrowed theories, in order to increase the capacity for developing innovative explanations of emerging phenomena.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniil N. Olennikov, Vyacheslav M. Nikolaev, Nadezhda K. Chirikova
Summary: The study conducted metabolomic analysis and biological experiments on Rhododendron adamsii, identifying over 170 compounds and determining their biological activity through seasonal content investigations; both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated the antioxidant capability and stimulating effects of Rhododendron adamsii, indicating its potential as an adaptogenic plant.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alejandro Morales-Bayuelo, Jesus Sanchez-Marquez
Summary: This study investigates a series of electrocyclic reactions to gain new insights into the reaction process along IRCs. Energy variation, transition states, and charge transfers during delocalization have been calculated and analyzed. Results show that the reaction path with the lowest energy barrier is determined by charge donations and non-covalent interactions. Lon pair interactions with the breaking bond also play a significant role in determining the reaction pathway.
Article
Polymer Science
Guido Raos, Bruno Zappone
Summary: Polymer adhesion is a complex multiscale phenomenon that requires a convergence of chemistry, physics, and engineering to solve problems. Recent research has focused on theories and simulations, experimental methods, and strategies inspired by living organisms.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Neil Savage
Summary: Chemical processes can recycle cellulose from textile waste into renewed fibers for garment production.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Daniel J. Weiss, Amelia Bertozzi-Villa, Susan F. Rumisha, Punam Amratia, Rohan Arambepola, Katherine E. Battle, Ewan Cameron, Elisabeth Chestnutt, Harry S. Gibson, Joseph Harris, Suzanne Keddie, Justin J. Millar, Jennifer Rozier, Tasmin L. Symons, Camilo Vargas-Ruiz, Simon I. Hay, David L. Smith, Pedro L. Alonso, Abdisalan M. Noor, Samir Bhatt, Peter W. Gething
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of disruptions to malaria control on malaria incidence and mortality in Africa. Findings show that reductions in access to effective antimalarial drug treatment and insecticide-treated net coverage could lead to increased malaria burden, potentially doubling malaria mortality in 2020.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Steven W. Lindsay, Michael Davies, Graham Alabaster, Hector Altamirano, Ebrima Jatta, Musa Jawara, Majo Carrasco-Tenezaca, Lorenz von Seidlein, Fiona C. Shenton, Lucy S. Tusting, Anne L. Wilson, Jakob Knudsen
Summary: The transmission of mosquito-borne diseases in sub-Saharan Africa mainly occurs within or around houses. By implementing simple changes to the built environment, such as screening doors and windows, closing eaves, using insecticide-treated nets, and maintaining environmental cleanliness, the risk of exposure to these diseases can be greatly reduced. The DELIVER package provides a combination of interventions to effectively combat mosquito-transmitted diseases and prevent their re-emergence after elimination.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jessica Briggs, Alison Kuchta, Max Murphy, Sofonias Tessema, Emmanuel Arinaitwe, John Rek, Anna Chen, Joaniter I. Nankabirwa, Chris Drakeley, David Smith, Teun Bousema, Moses Kamya, Isabel Rodriguez-Barraquer, Sarah Staedke, Grant Dorsey, Philip J. Rosenthal, Bryan Greenhouse
Summary: Genetic diversity of malaria parasites was high in a moderate transmission area, but fine-scale population structure and spatial clustering of related infections were detectable. Even in areas with relatively low differences in malaria incidence, genetic data revealed differences in multiplicity of infection and relatedness patterns within households.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Henry Ddumba Mawejje, Maxwell Kilama, Simon P. Kigozi, Alex K. Musiime, Moses Kamya, Jo Lines, Steven W. Lindsay, David Smith, Grant Dorsey, Martin J. Donnelly, Sarah G. Staedke
Summary: This study in Uganda found that LLINs and IRS had differential impacts on Anopheles species composition and density in areas with different transmission intensities. The combination of LLINs and multiple rounds of IRS in high transmission areas nearly eliminated An. gambiae s.s. and An. funestus s.l., leading to a shift in predominant vector species. Developing interventions targeted at outdoor biting remains a priority for malaria control efforts.
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lucy S. Tusting, Sandy Cairncross, Ramona Ludolph, Raman Velayudhan, Anne L. Wilson, Steven W. Lindsay
Article
Infectious Diseases
John M. Henry, Austin Carter, David L. Smith
Summary: Accurate estimation of the burden of malaria is crucial for strategic planning. This study reexamined historic data and found that infection age can be used as a predictor for malaria patterns. The predicted data based on infection age showed good agreement with the actual data. This research provides a new method for predicting malaria-related indicators.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ryan Fitzgerald, Helena Manguerra, Michael B. Arndt, William M. Gardner, Ya-Yin Chang, Bethany Zigler, Heather Jean Taylor, Kelly Bienhoff, David L. Smith, Christopher J. L. Murray, Simon Hay, Robert C. Jr Jr Reiner, Nicholas J. Kassebaum
Summary: The traditional thresholding approach fails to comprehensively assess child growth failure and obscures trends in populations with the highest rates of CGF. Our analysis presents the first ever estimates of complete distributions of child growth for different age groups and sexes, revealing hidden trends.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Oliver J. Watson, Bo Gao, Tran Dang Nguyen, Thu Nguyen-Anh Tran, Melissa A. Penny, David L. Smith, Lucy Okell, Ricardo Aguas, Maciej F. Boni
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of high levels of partner-drug resistance on the early emergence of artemisinin-resistant genotypes, finding that higher frequencies of pre-existing partner-drug resistance genotypes lead to earlier establishment of artemisinin resistance. It highlights the importance of continued investment in molecular surveillance of partner-drug resistant genotypes to guide the choice of first-line ACTs.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Joaniter I. Nankabirwa, Emmanuel Arinaitwe, Jessica Briggs, John Rek, Philip J. Rosenthal, Moses R. Kamya, Peter Olwoch, David L. Smith, Isabel Rodriguez-Barraquer, Grant Dorsey, Bryan Greenhouse
Summary: Highly effective vector control can significantly reduce malaria burden, but individuals with parasitemia may contribute to onward transmission. A simulation based on data from Tororo District, Uganda, showed that mass drug administration (MDA) and test-and-treat interventions can accelerate decline in parasite prevalence. However, sustained benefits require repeated interventions or additional measures.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Joaniter I. Nankabirwa, John Rek, Emmanuel Arinaitwe, Jane Frances Namuganga, Sam L. Nsobya, Victor Asua, Henry D. Mawejje, Adrienne Epstein, Bryan Greenhouse, Isabel Rodriguez-Barraquer, Jessica Briggs, Paul J. Krezanoski, Philip J. Rosenthal, Melissa Conrad, David Smith, Sarah G. Staedke, Chris Drakeley, Teun Bousema, Chiara Andolina, Martin J. Donnelly, Moses R. Kamya, Grant Dorsey
Summary: The Program for Resistance, Immunology, Surveillance, and Modeling of Malaria (PRISM) has conducted malaria research in Uganda since 2010, providing key findings on the malaria burden and opportunities for improved control and elimination. Key findings include the significant impact of combined distribution of long-lasting insecticidal-treated nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) on reducing malaria burden, the importance of submicroscopic infections in malaria transmission, changing markers of drug resistance, and high levels of insecticide resistance.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Justin M. Cohen, Deepika Kandula, David L. Smith, Arnaud Le Menach
Summary: This investigation examines historical data to assess the timelines for achieving malaria elimination based on successful elimination programs in various countries. The study finds that the median timeline from the start of elimination efforts to the year with zero local cases is 12 years, with a median decline rate of 54% per year. It also identifies certain territory characteristics that are associated with faster elimination. These findings can help countries set feasible milestones towards malaria elimination.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Sean L. Wu, John M. Henry, Daniel T. Citron, Doreen Mbabazi Ssebuliba, Juliet Nakakawa Nsumba, C. Hector M. Sanchez, Oliver J. Brady, Carlos A. Guerra, Guillermo A. Garcia, Austin R. Carter, Heather M. Ferguson, Bakare Emmanuel Afolabi, Simon Hay, Robert C. Reiner Jr, Samson Kiware, David L. Smith
Summary: This article introduces a patch-based differential equation modeling framework for malaria transmission dynamics. The framework extends the Ross-Macdonald model and allows for planning, monitoring, and evaluation of malaria control. New algorithms are presented to simulate mosquito demography, dispersal, and egg laying, as well as parasite dispersal and spatial dynamics. The framework can be applied to other mosquito-borne pathogens.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
