Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Himanshu Saxena, Deepika Sahoo, Sipai Nazirahmed, Deepak Kumar Rai, Mohammad Atif Khan, Niharika Sharma, Sanjeev Kumar, Arvind Singh
Summary: Dark carbon fixation in the ocean twilight zone plays a crucial role in carbon sink. This study analyzed the rates of dark carbon fixation in the Arabian Sea twilight zone and found that the rates were higher in suboxic oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) waters compared to hypoxic OMZ waters, due to the presence of chemoautotrophic ammonium oxidizers and anammox bacteria. The extrapolation of these rates to the global ocean suggests that dark carbon fixation contributes significantly to the sinking carbon fluxes.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Tatsuro Tanioka, Katsumi Matsumoto, Michael W. Lomas
Summary: The strength of the biological soft tissue pump in the ocean depends on the production and transfer efficiency of organic carbon, an increase in C:P ratio can strengthen this pump and lead to a significant drawdown of atmospheric pCO(2).
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ling-Fen Kong, Yan-Bin He, Zhang-Xian Xie, Xing Luo, Hao Zhang, Sheng-Hui Yi, Zhi-Long Lin, Shu-Feng Zhang, Ke-Qiang Yan, Hong-Kai Xu, Tao Jin, Lin Lin, Wei Qin, Feng Chen, Si-Qi Liu, Da-Zhi Wang
Summary: This study used a metaproteomic approach to analyze POC samples from three contrasting sites in the Northwest Pacific Ocean, revealing Alteromonadales, Rhodobacterales, and Enterobacterales as the primary POC remineralizers with hydrolytic enzymes playing a key role, and temperature being the main factor influencing bacterial groups and metabolic processes.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yixue Zhang, Ying Wu, Jing Zhang, Yi Xu, Ke Huang, Jie Jin, Jinlong Dai, Qi Ye, Jian Li, Zhenqiu Zhang
Summary: Through in situ observations and incubation experiments in the Central Indian Ocean and Bay of Bengal, the complexity of marine organic matter (OM) pools and the impact of different regulators on carbon storage are revealed in the tropical eastern Indian Ocean.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Qiangqiang Zhong, Tao Yu, Hui Lin, Jing Lin, Jianda Ji, Jialin Ni, Jinzhou Du, Dekun Huang
Summary: Estimating POC fluxes using Po-210-Pb-210 disequilibria in seawater samples from the western North Pacific Ocean, researchers found different distributions of Po-210 and Pb-210 in the euphotic zone and deep ocean regions.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Emma L. Cavan, Simeon L. Hill
Summary: Plankton play a crucial role in sequestering carbon in the global oceans, helping to regulate the climate by reducing atmospheric CO2 levels. However, fishing activities may disrupt ocean ecosystems, potentially affecting the carbon sink, though the extent of this impact remains uncertain.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Sebastiaan J. van de Velde, Dominik Hulse, Christopher T. Reinhard, Andy Ridgwell
Summary: The coupled biogeochemical cycles of iron and sulfur are crucial for the long-term evolution of Earth's oceans, impacting the cycling and bioavailability of iron and phosphate. Even with modern-like oxygen levels, the ocean episodically develops euxinic or ferruginous conditions.
GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gianmarco Ingrosso, Michele Giani, Martina Kralj, Cinzia Comici, Paola Rivaro, Giorgio Budillon, Pasquale Castagno, Luca Zoccarato, Mauro Celussi
Summary: The Antarctic continental shelf is an important sink for anthropogenic carbon dioxide, but climate change is altering its carbon cycle. Summer biological activity plays a key role in the sequestration of anthropogenic carbon.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Colette L. Kelly, Nicole M. Travis, Pascale A. Baya, Karen L. Casciotti
Summary: By analyzing N2O concentration and isotopologues in the eastern tropical North Pacific (ETNP), it was found that high N2O levels observed at some stations may be due to unique conditions supporting high rates of N2O production. Additionally, the study revealed different sources and potential mechanisms contributing to N2O cycling in oxygen deficient zones.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Anja Engel, Carolina Cisternas-Novoa, Helena Hauss, Rainer Kiko, Frederic A. C. Le Moigne
Summary: This study provides evidence of hypoxia-tolerant zooplankton feeding on sinking particles in the extensive Oxygen Minimum Zone (OMZ) off Peru, and shows significant control of carbon export by these organisms. These findings challenge the assumption of consistently efficient biological carbon pump in OMZs and highlight the importance of considering mesopelagic organisms in studying oceanic carbon sequestration.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Oceanography
T. M. Burgers, L. A. Miller, S. Rysgaard, J. Mortensen, B. Else, J. -E Tremblay, T. Papakyriakou
Summary: In August 2014, we characterized the physico-chemical properties of water masses entering Nares Strait. We used an extended OMP analysis to estimate mixing fractions and determine the role of physical and biological processes in the distribution of DIC. Our observations include evidence of Siberian shelf waters and diluted Pacific-origin upper halocline layer entering Nares Strait. These mixed-origin water masses drive phytoplankton bloom in Kane Basin, leading to decreased surface pCO(2) concentrations. The positioning of the Transpolar Drift and the balance of Atlantic and Pacific water delivered to Nares Strait play an important role in regional biological productivity and carbon uptake.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pierre Damien, Daniele Bianchi, James C. McWilliams, Faycal Kessouri, Curtis Deutsch, Ru Chen, Lionel Renault
Summary: This study examines the biogeochemical cycles along the U.S. West Coast and finds that the rates and fluxes in the coastal areas are about twice as large as offshore. The interactions with sediment exchanges, submesoscale shelf currents, bottom boundary layer transport, and intensified cross-shelf export of shelf-produced materials further impact the coastal and open-ocean balances.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2023)
Review
Oceanography
Joseph R. Crosswell, Francisco Bravo, Ivan Perez-Santos, Geoffrey Carlin, Nagur Cherukuru, Cassie Schwanger, Rob Gregor, Andrew D. L. Steven
Summary: This study examines the functional differences between three major fjords in the Chiloe Inland Sea (CIS) in northern Patagonia and identifies the external forcing and local geomorphology as key factors shaping biogeochemical cycling in fjords. The findings have important implications for the sustainable management of fjords and adaptation to climate change and anthropogenic stressors.
PROGRESS IN OCEANOGRAPHY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Katherine A. Crichton, Jamie D. Wilson, Andy Ridgwell, Flavia Boscolo-Galazzo, Eleanor H. John, Bridget S. Wade, Paul N. Pearson
Summary: Paleontological reconstructions show that plankton in the deep-dwelling 'twilight zone' during warm periods of the last 66 million years were less abundant and diverse, and lived closer to the surface. This is due to temperature's effect on the rate of organic matter breakdown, which is faster at warmer temperatures. Our study using an Earth system model reveals that anthropogenic warming could have significant impacts on carbon cycling and twilight zone ecology, leading to widespread ecological disruption by 2100 without strong emissions mitigation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Robert J. W. Brewin, Shubha Sathyendranath, Trevor Platt, Heather Bouman, Stefano Ciavatta, Giorgio Dall'Olmo, James Dingle, Steve Groom, Bror Jonsson, Tihomir S. Kostadinov, Gemma Kulk, Marko Laine, Victor Martinez-Vicente, Stella Psarra, Dionysios E. Raitsos, Katherine Richardson, Marie-Helene Rio, Cecile S. Rousseaux, Joe Salisbury, Jamie D. Shutler, Peter Walker
Summary: Carbon plays a central role in Earth's climate and life, with the ocean's biological carbon pump crucial for regulating atmospheric CO2 concentration. Satellite remote sensing is essential for monitoring the ocean carbon cycle, providing high temporal and spatial resolution views of the surface ocean. Integrating satellite observations with ecosystem models and field measurements can lead to a more comprehensive understanding of the ocean carbon cycle.
EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Maria Grigoratou, Fanny M. Monteiro, Jamie D. Wilson, Andy Ridgwell, Daniela N. Schmidt
Summary: Research indicates that the ecology and global distribution of non-spinose planktonic foraminifera may be affected by future climate change, with increases projected in subpolar regions of the North Atlantic and the Southern Ocean, and decreases elsewhere.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
R. Zammit, C. H. Lear, E. Samankassou, L. J. Lourens, A. Micallef, P. N. Pearson, O. M. Bialik
Summary: This article examines the alternating humid and arid intervals in North Africa during the Miocene, focusing on the impact of the restriction of the Mesopotamian Seaway and the global climate. It provides valuable insights into the regional hydroclimate and highlights the importance of tectonic forcing and ocean circulation patterns in the evolution of the West African Monsoon system.
PALEOCEANOGRAPHY AND PALEOCLIMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geology
David J. King, Bridget S. Wade, C. Giles Miller
Summary: Planktonic foraminifera exhibit either sinistral or dextral coiling. The prevalence of coiling direction can change within morphospecies over time. Despite known preferential coiling directions in many species, no coiling shifts have been applied beyond the late Miocene. This study investigates selected Miocene species and confirms a coiling shift in the mid Miocene at approximately 15 Ma.
NEWSLETTERS ON STRATIGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Paul N. Pearson, Michela Botticelli, Jesper Ericsson, Jacek Olender, Liene Spruzeniece
Summary: Non-destructive imaging and spectroscopic analysis of Sponsian coins reveal features indicative of authenticity, including deep micro-abrasion patterns and superficial patches of soil minerals. These observations force a re-evaluation of Sponsian as a historical figure, suggesting he was a military commander in the Roman Province of Dacia during the 260s CE and his crudely manufactured coins supported a local monetary economy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Katherine A. Crichton, Jamie D. Wilson, Andy Ridgwell, Flavia Boscolo-Galazzo, Eleanor H. John, Bridget S. Wade, Paul N. Pearson
Summary: Paleontological reconstructions show that plankton in the deep-dwelling 'twilight zone' during warm periods of the last 66 million years were less abundant and diverse, and lived closer to the surface. This is due to temperature's effect on the rate of organic matter breakdown, which is faster at warmer temperatures. Our study using an Earth system model reveals that anthropogenic warming could have significant impacts on carbon cycling and twilight zone ecology, leading to widespread ecological disruption by 2100 without strong emissions mitigation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuyang Wu, Ying Cui, Daoliang Chu, Haijun Song, Jinnan Tong, Jacopo Dal Corso, Andy Ridgwell
Summary: By incorporating reconstructions of atmospheric PCO2 and carbonate δ13C into an Earth system model, this study reveals that the source and rate of carbon emissions during the end-Permian mass extinction (EPME) changed over time, transitioning from a slower emission rate with a thermogenic carbon isotopic signature to a faster emission rate with a heavier, more mantle-dominated volcanic source. This finding is supported by geochemical proxy records. The study also suggests that feedbacks from terrestrial ecosystem disturbances contributed to the warming and severity of marine extinctions during the EPME.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexandre Pohl, Richard G. Stockey, Xu Dai, Ryan Yohler, Guillaume Le Hir, Dominik Huelse, Arnaud Brayard, Seth Finnegan, Andy Ridgwell
Summary: The study finds that during the Early Paleozoic, climate and continental configuration led to a much higher extinction susceptibility compared to other periods in the Phanerozoic. This higher susceptibility is mainly due to the limited geographical range of marine organisms, and it is not necessarily linked to increasing oxygenation.
Article
Paleontology
Marcin Latas, Paul N. Pearson, Christopher R. Poole, Alessio Fabbrini, Bridget S. Wade
Summary: In this study, a new morphospecies of fossil planktonic foraminifera, Globigerinoides rublobatus n. sp., is described from Pleistocene sediments of the Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean. The new morphospecies shows morphological variability and is found to occur in two variants, a pigmented (pink) form and a non-pigmented (white) form. This finding of pink pigmentation is rare among fossil planktonic foraminifera, with only two previous instances reported.
JOURNAL OF MICROPALAEONTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Paleontology
Paul N. Pearson, Eleanor John, Bridget S. Wade, Simon D'haenens, Caroline H. Lear
Summary: This study presents evidence that radially orientated crystalline spine-like structures occur in the centre of muricae in various species of Acarinina and Morozovella, suggesting they may have similar functions as spines in modern species.
JOURNAL OF MICROPALAEONTOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Flavia Boscolo-Galazzo, Amy Jones, Tom Dunkley Jones, Katherine A. Crichton, Bridget S. Wade, Paul N. Pearson
Summary: The fossil record of marine microplankton provides insights into the evolutionary drivers behind the origin of modern deep-water plankton. Research over the past 15 million years shows that global cooling and increased efficiency of the biological pump have favored the evolution of deep-water organisms.
