Review
Ecology
Jon Alexander Harper, Tim Janicke, Edward H. Morrow
Summary: A review found that there are 22 genes in humans with sex-opposite effects, which may increase disease risk or severity in one sex but protect the other, with genes having net positive effects occurring at higher frequencies. The communication barriers between fields due to discipline-specific terminology are significant.
Review
Zoology
Zhiwei Peng, Lixia Zhang, Xin Lu
Summary: Individual age and population age composition are important topics for researchers, particularly in the study of amphibians using skeletochronology. However, there is still a significant lack of age data for many amphibian species, with a higher proportion of males being studied compared to females. Additionally, temperate species and semi-aquatic species are more likely to be studied, highlighting the need for more comprehensive research in this area.
INTEGRATIVE ZOOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Alihan Katlav, James M. Cook, Markus Riegler
Summary: The study found that larger eggs are more likely to be fertilized and develop into female offspring, while smaller eggs are more likely to remain unfertilized and become male offspring. Mating increases female investment in egg size, enhancing fertilization success and female offspring survival but reducing lifetime fecundity. This suggests a reproductive strategy favoring increased daughter production, potentially conflicting with the optimal offspring sex ratio.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Lei Shi, Yunlei Li, Jingwei Yuan, Hui Ma, Panlin Wang, Aixin Ni, Pingzhuang Ge, Chao Chen, Dongli Li, Yanyan Sun, Jilan Chen
Summary: The study found that early photostimulation can advance sexual maturation in rooster breeders, but it does not affect semen quality or hatching performance in adulthood.
Article
Reproductive Biology
A. L. Earnhardt, D. A. Neuendorff, C. R. Long, T. H. Welsh, R. D. Randel
Summary: This study found that the calving group of the sire had a significant impact on the age at first calving and calving group of Brahman heifers, while the calving group of the dam did not have an effect. Additionally, the year of birth had an effect on the age at first calving and calving group of daughters, while the season of birth did not show a significant effect.
Article
Fisheries
Katsuya Araki, Katsunori Tachihara
Summary: The five-lined snapper, Lutjanus quinquelineatus, has been studied to have characteristics of longevity, small size, and early maturity. Research on this species revealed that the oldest age for females is 24 years with a standard length of 192.1 mm, and for males is 27 years with a standard length of 197.7 mm. The spawning season ranges from May to September, with the peak season being from June to August.
Article
Ecology
Jane M. Reid
Summary: Sex-specific dominance reversals (SSDRs) can simultaneously maintain genetic variation in fitness and resolve sexual conflict, shaping evolutionary outcomes. Recent studies show the possibility of SSDRs in threshold traits, which could promote their emergence. Under certain genetic architectures and competitive reproductive systems, SSDRs can easily emerge in threshold traits. Further research is needed to understand the basis and occurrence of SSDRs in nature, as well as their impact on sexual conflict.
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Sun Kyeong Choi, Yun Hee Kang, Kyeonglim Moon, In-Soo Seo, Sanghee Kim, Sang Rul Park
Summary: This study investigated the size frequency structure, shell height, and gonadosomatic index of the Antarctic scallop Adamussium colbecki. The results showed that the growth rate of young individuals was low and the age of sexual maturity was delayed, which may have negative effects on population growth.
ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Md Mizanur Rahman, Yu-Young Lee, Seung-Min Park, Choong-Ho Ham, Ha-Cheol Sung
Summary: Despite limitations, the use of skeletochronology in amphibians is increasing. This study validates skeletochronology for the age determination of Kaloula borealis and provides accurate information on its life history traits and age structure, which are important for assessing population dynamics and setting conservation priorities. The study also reveals sexual size dimorphism in this species.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Y. G. Tan, X. L. Xu, H. Y. Cao, W. Zhou, Z. Z. Yin
Summary: The study found that age at first egg is significantly associated with the reproduction performance of hens. There were differences in reproduction performance and hormone levels between precocious, late-maturing, and normal age at first egg hens, with the normal age at first egg hens having advantages in the reproduction regulation system.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paul Debes, Nikolai Piavchenko, Annukka Ruokolainen, Outi Ovaskainen, Jacqueline E. Moustakas-Verho, Noora Parre, Tutku Aykanat, Jaakko Erkinaro, Craig R. Primmer
Summary: Sexual maturation timing is influenced by factors such as growth and body condition, with complex interactions between environmental and genetic effects. The causality between male and female maturation processes may differ, and the vgll3 gene has a significant impact on maturation and body condition.
Article
Zoology
Tomas Bartonicka, Jana Kremenova, Ondrej Balvin, Zdenek Simek, Oliver Otti
Summary: Understanding the number of mates an animal has in its lifetime is crucial for sexual selection. Differences in an organism's ecology can affect mating rates. Mating rate significantly impacts female fitness, but laboratory measurements might not accurately reflect the situation in the wild.
FRONTIERS IN ZOOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rachel Blow, Beatriz Willink, Erik I. Svensson
Summary: This study presents the first time-calibrated phylogeny of the Ischnura genus, revealing insights into the origin, evolutionary history, and evolution of female color polymorphism. The research found a significant positive relationship between female polymorphism incidence and current geographic range size.
MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Sarah J. Richardson, James K. Mccarthy, Andrew J. Tanentzap, Gary J. Houliston, Anne-Gaelle Ausseil, Aaron D. Wilton, Mike J. Clearwater, Olivia R. Burge, George L. W. Perry, Matthew S. Mcglone
Summary: This study investigates the drivers of flowering time strategy in a species. The results show that gender dimorphic species flower earlier than cosexual species by an average of 31 days, while abiotically pollinated species flower earlier than biotically pollinated species by an average of 19 days. Additionally, woody species and species with fleshy-fruits also flower earlier compared to herbaceous species and species with dry fruits. Furthermore, species in warmer and drier climates exhibit earlier flowering times.
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Deepa R. Camenga, Zhenxun Wang, Haitao Chu, Sarah Lindberg, Siobhan Sutcliffe, Sonya S. Brady, Tamera Coyne-Beasley, Colleen M. Fitzgerald, Sheila Gahagan, Lisa Kane Low, D. Yvette LaCoursiere, Missy Lavender, Ariana L. Smith, Ann Stapleton, Bernard L. Harlow
Summary: This study examined the impact of antecedent sexual health factors on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in adolescent women. The findings indicated that the use of oral contraceptives, history of sexual intercourse, number of sexual partners, and condom use were associated with LUTS reported at age 19. However, these associations were attenuated after adjusting for condom use and number of sexual partners. The associations between sexual intercourse and number of sexual partners with LUTS were stronger among women with >= 3 sexual partners.
JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Paul Bai Bangura, Katriina Tiira, Petri T. Niemela, Jaakko Erkinaro, Petra Liljestrom, Anna Toikkanen, Craig R. Primmer
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between vgll3 gene and behavior in Atlantic salmon by measuring aggressiveness and feeding activity in juveniles with different vgll3 genotypes. Contrary to expectations, individuals with the genotype associated with later maturation were found to be more aggressive. Higher aggression was also associated with lighter coloration and higher feeding activity, indicating a potential energetic cost. No direct association was found between feeding activity and vgll3 genotype. These findings have implications for individual fitness and aquaculture practices.
JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Y. Czorlich, T. Aykanat, J. Erkinaro, P. Orell, C. R. Primmer
Summary: This study identifies the drivers of evolution towards early maturation in Atlantic salmon through two types of fisheries-induced evolution (indirect and direct effects), demonstrating the potential impact of aquaculture on wild salmon populations.
Editorial Material
Ecology
Giulio Formenti, Kathrin Theissinger, Carlos Fernandes, Iliana Bista, Aureliano Bombarely, Christoph Bleidorn, Claudio Ciofi, Angelica Crottini, Jose A. Godoy, Jacob Hoglund, Joanna Malukiewicz, Alice Mouton, Rebekah A. Oomen, Sadye Paez, Per J. Palsboll, Christophe Pampoulie, Maria J. Ruiz-Lopez, Hannes Svardal, Constantina Theofanopoulou, Jan de Vries, Ann-Marie Waldvogel, Guojie Zhang, Camila J. Mazzoni, Erich D. Jarvis, Miklos Balint
Summary: Progress in genome sequencing has enabled the generation of large-scale reference genomes, representing global biodiversity. These genomes provide unique insights into genomic diversity and architecture, allowing comprehensive analyses in population and functional genomics, and are expected to revolutionize conservation genomics.
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Ines Klemme, Paul Vincent Debes, Craig Robert Primmer, Laura Sofia Harkonen, Jaakko Erkinaro, Pekka Hyvarinen, Anssi Karvonen
Summary: In this study, the role of developmental stage in resistance and tolerance in Atlantic salmon was investigated. The results showed that developmental transition is associated with reduced resistance but does not affect tolerance. Additionally, it was observed that tolerance slopes can be largely independent of infection. These findings suggest that the relative importance of different defense types may vary with host development.
AMERICAN NATURALIST
(2022)
Article
Biology
Petri T. Niemela, Ines Klemme, Anssi Karvonen, Pekka Hyvarinen, Paul Debes, Jaakko Erkinaro, Marion Sinclair-Waters, Victoria L. Pritchard, Laura S. Harkonen, Craig R. Primmer
Summary: Research shows that there are differences in activity expression among Atlantic salmon life-history genotypes. The vgll3*E allele is associated with increased activity in females, while the vgll3*L allele is associated with increased activity in males. These sex-dependent effects may contribute to maintaining genetic life-history variation within populations.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ehsan Pashay Ahi, Marion Sinclair-Waters, Jacqueline Moustakas-Verho, Shadi Jansouz, Craig R. Primmer
Summary: Age at maturity is important for diversity in life history strategies among organisms, but the factors leading to variations in maturation timing are poorly understood. Previous research has found a strong association between different alleles of the vgll3 gene and maturation timing in Atlantic salmon. This study provides evidence for the strong vgll3 genotype-dependent transcriptional regulation of reproductive axis genes prior to sexual maturation.
GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ehsan Pashay Ahi, Marion Sinclair-Waters, Iikki Donner, Craig R. Primmer
Summary: Age at maturity is an important life history trait influenced by genetic and environmental factors. The maturation process and timing in Atlantic salmon is regulated by gnrh3 and other factors, as it lacks the gnrh1 gene. Previous research has shown a strong association between vgll3 alleles and maturation timing. In this study, a gene regulatory network involving c-jun and sf1 in the pituitary was identified, suggesting a potential regulatory connection between vgll3 genotypes and these regulators.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Samuel A. May, Jeffrey J. Hard, Michael J. Ford, Kerry A. Naish, Eric J. Ward
Summary: Quantitative models can predict the effects of environmental or anthropogenic factors on the dynamics of wild populations by simulating the inheritance and evolution of fitness-linked traits. Non-random mating is underestimated in wild populations and plays a significant role in diversity-stability relationships. A novel individual-based quantitative genetic model is introduced, incorporating assortative mating for reproductive timing, and demonstrates its utility by simulating a salmonid lifecycle and comparing model outputs to theoretical expectations. The simulations show that assortative mating can result in more resilient and productive populations compared to random mating, and factors such as trait correlations, environmental variability, and strength of selection also impact population growth.
EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Marion Sinclair-Waters, Torfinn Nome, Jing Wang, Sigbjorn Lien, Matthew P. Kent, Harald Saegrov, Bjorn Floro-Larsen, Geir H. Bolstad, Craig R. Primmer, Nicola J. Barson
Summary: This study investigates the mutational composition of sea age at maturation in Atlantic salmon and finds that the genetic architecture may involve multiple loci with simple alleles and a locus with potentially more complex alleles. It provides a useful multi-SNP framework for characterizing genetic variation underlying phenotypes in wild populations using sequencing data.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ashok Aspatwar, Alessandro Bonardi, Heidi Aisala, Ksenia Zueva, Craig R. Primmer, Jaakko Lumme, Seppo Parkkila, Claudiu T. Supuran
Summary: The inhibitory effects of a beta-class carbonic anhydrase (CA) from the fish parasite Gyrodactylus salaris were investigated. Several effective inhibitors were identified, including simple heterocyclic sulphonamides and clinically used agents. This preliminary investigation provides insights into the inhibition profile of the parasite enzyme and potential development of more effective and selective inhibitors.
JOURNAL OF ENZYME INHIBITION AND MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Katja S. Maamela, Eirik R. Asheim, Paul V. Debes, Andrew H. House, Jaakko Erkinaro, Petra Liljestrom, Craig R. Primmer, Kenyon B. Mobley
Summary: The environment, including temperature and diet, affects reproductive traits in female fish. In this study, the effect of temperature and diet on maturation and egg traits in Atlantic salmon was investigated. A temperature difference of 2 degrees Celsius delayed maturation in female salmon, while a reduction in dietary energy content had no effect. Diet did not impact body size, condition, fecundity, egg size, or protein content, but a higher energy diet increased egg lipid content. These findings suggest that the nutritional quality of the female's diet can impact the energy provisioning of eggs and potentially affect the fitness of offspring.
JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Eirik R. asheim, Paul Debes, Andrew House, Petra Liljestrom, Petri T. Niemela, Jukka P. Siren, Jaakko Erkinaro, Craig R. Primmer
Summary: Age at maturity in Atlantic salmon is greatly influenced by temperature and an age-at-maturity gene. The effect of temperature differs between populations, but the gene has a similar effect in both temperatures and populations. Age at maturity is important for population structures and involves a trade-off between survival risk and reproductive investment.
CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Andrew H. House, Paul V. Debes, Johanna Kurko, Jaakko Erkinaro, Craig R. Primmer
Summary: Organisms utilize resource allocation strategies to adapt to seasonal changes and life stage transitions. A transcription cofactor, vgll3, has been found to have an impact on maturation timing and body condition in mice and juvenile salmon. This study investigates the influence of larval and juvenile temperatures, vgll3 genotype, and their interactions with body condition and maturation rate in Atlantic salmon. The results suggest that vgll3 influences resource allocation strategies, with early maturing individuals having a higher maturation rate and body condition in the spring.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Eric B. Rondeau, Kris A. Christensen, David R. Minkley, Jong S. Leong, Michelle T. T. Chan, Cody A. Despins, Anita Mueller, Dionne Sakhrani, Carlo A. Biagi, Quentin Rougemont, Eric Normandeau, Steven J. M. Jones, Robert H. Devlin, Ruth E. Withler, Terry D. Beacham, Kerry A. Naish, Jose M. Yanez, Roberto Neira, Louis Bernatchez, William S. Davidson, Ben F. Koop
Summary: The coho salmon populations in North America have significantly declined, and analysis of genomic data suggests bottleneck events after glacial retreat as a possible cause. A chromosome-level genome assembly and genome resequencing of 83 coho salmon were performed to aid in stock management and conservation efforts.
G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS
(2023)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Kathrin Theissinger, Carlos Fernandes, Giulio Formenti, Iliana Bista, Paul R. Berg, Christoph Bleidorn, Aureliano Bombarely, Angelica Crottini, Guido R. Gallo, Jose A. Godoy, Sissel Jentoft, Joanna Malukiewicz, Alice Mouton, Rebekah A. Oomen, Sadye Paez, Per J. Palsboll, Christophe Pampoulie, Maria J. Ruiz-Lopez, Simona Secomandi, Hannes Svardal, Constantina Theofanopoulou, Jan de Vries, Ann-Marie Waldvogel, Guojie Zhang, Erich D. Jarvis, Miklos Balint, Claudio Ciofi, Robert M. Waterhouse, Camila J. Mazzoni, Jacob Hoglund
Summary: The availability of public genomic resources can greatly assist biodiversity assessment, conservation, and restoration efforts. Reference genomes play a key role in facilitating biodiversity research and conservation. Integrating the use of reference genomes as a best practice in conservation genomics is essential.
TRENDS IN GENETICS
(2023)