Prevalence and predictors of vaccine hesitancy in an urbanized agglomeration of New Delhi, India

Background The immunization program has been an important part of Indian public health policy for three decades; yet only 62% of children are being fully immunized. Vaccine hesitancy is a major contributor to the immunization gap that needs to be addressed. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study of prevalence and predictors of vaccine hesitancy was conducted in 350 households having at least one child in the age group of 13-24 months. Statistical analysis was done using chi-square test and logistic regression. Results The prevalence of vaccine hesitancy was 28.9%. Fear of needles, concern about pain during vaccination, lack of family support, and apprehension regarding side effects were ascertained as reasons for vaccine hesitancy. The type of family, time taken to reach the health facility and antenatal care received by the mother were significant predictors of vaccine hesitancy. Conclusion The prevalence of vaccine hesitancy was found to be high. In 2019, the World Health Organization earmarked vaccine hesitancy as one of the major roadblocks to better global health. A better understanding of the subject can help public health agencies enhance vaccination coverage, not just in children but also as a tool to protect entire populations in this age of re-emerging epidemics.

Automated summary

The study found a high prevalence of vaccine hesitancy in India, citing reasons such as fear of needles, concern about pain, lack of family support, and apprehension regarding side effects. Family type, time taken to reach health facilities, and antenatal care received by the mother were identified as significant predictors of vaccine hesitancy.