Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Avnish Kumar, Bijoy Biswas, Komal Saini, Adarsh Kumar, Jitendra Kumar, Bhavya B. Krishna, Thallada Bhaskar
Summary: In the current study, Py-GC/MS analysis was used to characterize the structure and composition of evolving gas from prot lignin. Different catalysts showed significant impact on the type and yield of pyrolysis products, with Co/CeO2 promoting the formation of S-type phenolics at 300 degrees C and Co/TiO2 enhancing the production of H-type phenolics at 600 degrees C.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Silawan Sangthong, Worasak Phetwarotai, Muhammad Saifullah Abu Bakar, Benjamas Cheirsilp, Neeranuch Phusunti
Summary: This study comparatively analyzed the potential of palm kernel shell and its isolated lignin for the production of phenol and phenolic compounds via the pyrolysis process. The experimental results showed that the isolated lignin had a higher bio-oil yield and total fraction of phenol and phenolic compounds.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Qingru Shen, Zewu Fu, Rui Li, Yulong Wu
Summary: In this study, a lignin β-O-4 type dimer model compound was chosen and analyzed using density functional theory (DFT) method combined with Py-GC/MS to investigate its pyrolysis behavior. 9 reasonable reaction paths were studied by DFT, revealing that the main products of the lignin dimer model compound pyrolysis are 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol and 2-methoxyphenol.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Liqiang Zhang, Shanshan Li, Zhengda Yang, Xinwei Wang, Dawei Li, Riyi Lin
Summary: By studying the effects of the first step pyrolysis temperature and residence time on the two-step pyrolysis of lignin, it was found that higher pyrolysis temperature promoted the break of lignin structure and removal of side chains, significantly affecting the product distribution. Two-step pyrolysis of lignin can improve the selectivity of value-added chemicals.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yan Zhao, Hao Zhang, Peijie Zong, Haifeng Zhou, Yuanyu Tian
Summary: In this study, the pyrolysis behaviors, kinetics, and product distribution of black liquor solid (BLS) and precipitated lignin (PL) were investigated. Results showed that BLS exhibited a more complex pyrolysis process with lower residue and higher activation energy compared to PL. BLS also had lower content of aromatic monomers in bio-oil products. Furthermore, alkali catalysis in BLS promoted the removal of phenolic hydroxyl groups, leading to differences in product distribution between BLS and PL.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tae Uk Khang, Min-Jae Kim, Jee In Yoo, Yu Jung Sohn, Sang Goo Jeon, Si Jae Park, Jeong-Geol Na
Summary: This study developed an analysis method using Py-GC/MS to determine PHA contents and monomer composition in microbial cells, providing a rapid and reliable approach for such analysis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David O. Usino, Paeivi Ylitervo, Tobias Richards
Summary: This study investigates the effects of different blend ratios of palm kernel shell and woody biomass on co-pyrolysis, revealing that the blend ratio and biomass composition can influence the yield of co-pyrolysis products.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yuan Jiang, Peijie Zong, Bin Tian, Xue Ming, Fanfan Xu, Yuanyu Tian, Yingyun Qiao, Dawei Li, Qingshuo Song, Qiankun Yu
Summary: Studying the pyrolysis behavior of the saturate component in coal, which mainly consists of volatile substances, through the combined utilization of TG-FTIR and Py-GC/MS revealed a free radical reaction mechanism. The research provides a methodological model for exploring other group components and reveals specific details about the pyrolysis of coal.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Weijie Xu, Jingyong Liu, Ziyi Ding, Jiawei Fu, Fatih Evrendilek, Wuming Xie, Yao He
Summary: This study characterized and verified the pyrolysis mechanisms and volatiles products of medical mask belts, mask faces, and infusion tubes. The results are important for the treatment of medical wastes.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Avnish Kumar, Bijoy Biswas, Ramandeep Kaur, Bhavya B. Krishna, Bhaskar Thallada
Summary: Utilization of biomass for energy production has gained attention for its environmental importance. In Loktak lake in India, the growth of paragrass, phumdi, and water hyacinth has a negative impact on ecological stability, prompting the need for effective conversion processes. Analysis showed that the pyrolysis of water hyacinth and paragrass mixture yielded the highest carbonyls, while phumdi had the highest amount of heterocyclic compounds and phenolics.
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ryan D. Merckel, Mike D. Heydenrych, Bruce B. Sithole
Summary: The study presents an advancement in Py-GC/MS with EGA-MS, allowing prediction of elemental composition and calorific content of pyrolysis products. It reduces the need for other analytical methods and demonstrates the impact of various catalysts on pyrolysis oil. Different dominant mechanisms, changes in elemental composition, and effects on calorific value were observed.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Jiaxing Song, Kai Sun, Qunxing Huang
Summary: This study investigated the influence of thermal aging on the pyrolysis oil fuel components of typical waste plastics, showing that the impact varies depending on the type of plastic. After thermal aging, PE and PP exhibited more significant changes in heavy oil fraction compared to light oil and diesel oil fractions, while PVC samples showed structural defects and a color change.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Fangfang Lou, Jun Wang, Chen Sun, Jiaxing Song, Wanli Wang, Yuhan Pan, Qunxing Huang, Jianhua Yan
Summary: Accurate identification and quantification of microplastics (MPs) is challenging yet crucial. This study used pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) to detect five common types of MPs and investigated the thermochemical interactions during co-pyrolysis of different plastics. The results showed that previous indicators for quantitative analysis may lead to high uncertainty, but new indicators were proposed in this study to improve accuracy. The maximum quantification uncertainties of PE, PP, and PS were successfully reduced.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Iara Fontes Demuner, Fernando Jose Borges Gomes, Marcela Ribeiro Coura, Jessica Silva Gomes, Antonio Jacinto Demuner, Ana Marcia Macedo Ladeira Carvalho, Claudio Mudadu Silva
Summary: This study evaluates the effect of thermal treatment on the chemical composition of extracted kraft lignin from eucalypt kraft black liquor. The thermal treatment increased demethylation and demethoxylation on the eucalypt kraft lignin, resulting in a reduction in soluble lignin, oxygen and hydrogen content, and an increase in insoluble lignin and carbon content. The heat-treated lignin showed a reduction in the S/G ratio and an increase in catechol and methoxycatechol content, making it more reactive and suitable for high value-added lignin-based products.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Salman Raza Naqvi, Muhammad Naqvi, Abrar Inayat, Paula Blanco-Sanchez
Summary: This study investigates the impact of synthetic zeolites with different shapes and properties on the products of microalgae pyrolysis, showing that delaminated zeolites can more effectively promote deoxygenation reactions to produce aromatic compounds.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Pengcheng Zhao, Jingang Wang, Liming Sun, Yun Li, Haiting Xia, Wei He
Summary: The production of green hydrogen through water electrolysis is crucial for renewable energy utilization and decarbonization. This research explores the optimal electrode configuration and system design of compactly-assembled industrial electrolyzer. The findings provide valuable insights for industrial application of water electrolysis equipment.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
V. Baiju, P. Abhishek, S. Harikrishnan
Summary: Thermally driven adsorption desalination systems (ADS) have gained attention as an eco-friendly solution for water scarcity. However, they face challenges related to low water productivity and scalability. To overcome these challenges, integrating ADS with other desalination technologies can create a small-scale hybrid system. This study proposes integrating ADS with a Thermo Electric Dehumidification (TED) unit to enhance its performance.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
C. X. He, Y. H. Liu, X. Y. Huang, S. B. Wan, Q. Chen, J. Sun, T. S. Zhao
Summary: A decentralized centroid multi-path RC network model is constructed to improve the temperature prediction accuracy compared to traditional RC models. By incorporating multiple heat flow paths and decentralizing thermal capacity, a more accurate prediction is achieved.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Chaoying Li, Meng Wang, Nana Li, Di Gu, Chao Yan, Dandan Yuan, Hong Jiang, Baohui Wang, Xirui Wang
Summary: There is an urgent need to shift away from heavy dependence on fossil fuels and embrace renewable energy sources, particularly in the energy-intensive oil refining process. This study presents an innovative concept called the Solar Oil Refinery, which applies solar energy in oil refining. A solar multi-energies-driven hybrid chemical oil refining system that utilizes solar pyrolysis and electrolysis has been developed, significantly improving solar utilization efficiency, cracking rate, and hydrogen yield.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Chao Ma, Guanghui Wang, Dingbiao Wang, Xu Peng, Yushen Yang, Xinxin Liu, Chongrui Yang, Jiaheng Chen
Summary: This study proposes a bio-inspired fish-tail wind rotor to improve the wind power efficiency of the traditional Savonius rotor. Through transient simulations and orthogonal experiments, the key factors affecting the performance are identified. A response surface model is constructed to optimize the power coefficient, resulting in an improvement of 9.4% and 6.6% compared to the Savonius rotor.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Sina Bahmanziari, Abbas-Ali Zamani
Summary: This paper proposes a new framework for improving electrical energy harvesting from piezoelectric smart tiles through a combination of magnetic plucking, mechanical impact, and mechanical vibration force mechanisms. Experimental results demonstrate a significant increase in energy yield and average energy harvesting time compared to other mechanisms.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Nanjiang Dong, Tao Zhang, Rui Wang
Summary: This study establishes a multiobjective mixed-variable configuration optimization model for a comprehensive combined cooling, heating, and power energy system, and proposes an efficient generating operator to optimize this model. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm performs better than other state-of-the-art algorithms.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ahmed E. Mansy, Eman A. El Desouky, Tarek H. Taha, M. A. Abu-Saied, Hamada El-Gendi, Ranya A. Amer, Zhen-Yu Tian
Summary: This study aims to convert office paper waste into bioethanol through a sustainable pathway. The results show that physiochemical and enzymatic hydrolysis of the waste can yield a high glucose concentration. The optimal conditions were determined using the Box-Behnken design, and a blended membrane was used for ethanol purification.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Sven Klute, Marcus Budt, Mathias van Beek, Christian Doetsch
Summary: Heat pumps are crucial for decarbonizing heat supply, and steam generating heat pumps have the potential to decarbonize the industrial sector. This paper presents the current state, technical and economic data, and modeling principles of steam generating heat pumps.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Le Zhang, To-Hung Tsui, Yen Wah Tong, Pruk Aggarangsi, Ronghou Liu
Summary: This study investigates the effectiveness of a current-carrying-coil-based magnetic field in promoting anaerobic digestion of chicken manure. The results show that the applied magnetic field increases methane yield, decreases carbon dioxide production, and reduces the concentration of ammonia nitrogen. Microbial community analysis reveals the enrichment of certain methanogenic genera and enhanced metabolic pathways. Pilot-scale experiments confirm the technical effectiveness of the magnetic field assistance in enhancing anaerobic digestion of chicken manure.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Bo Chen, Ruiqing Ma, Yang Zhou, Rui Ma, Wentao Jiang, Fan Yang
Summary: This paper presents an advanced energy management strategy for fuel cell hybrid electric heavy-duty vehicles, focusing on speed planning and energy allocation. By utilizing predictive co-optimization control, this strategy ensures safe inter-vehicle distance and minimizes energy demand. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in reducing fuel cell degradation cost and overall operation cost.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Fabio Fatigati, Roberto Cipollone
Summary: Organic Rankine Cycle-based microcogeneration systems that use solar sources to generate electricity and hot water can help reduce CO2 emissions in residential energy-intensive sectors. The adoption of a recuperative heat exchanger in these systems improves efficiency, reduces thermal power requirements, and saves on electricity costs.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Lipeng He, Renwen Liu, Xuejin Liu, Xiaotian Zheng, Limin Zhang, Jieqiong Lin
Summary: This research proposes a piezoelectric-electromagnetic hybrid energy harvester (PEHEH) for low-frequency wave motion and self-sensing wave environment monitoring. The PEHEH shows promising power output and the ability to self-power and self-sense the wave environment.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Shangling Chu, Yang Liu, Zipeng Xu, Heng Zhang, Haiping Chen, Dan Gao
Summary: This paper studies a distributed energy system integrated with solar and natural gas, analyzes the impact of different parameters on its energy utilization and emissions reduction, and obtains the optimal solution through an optimization algorithm. The results show that compared to traditional separation production systems, this integrated system achieves higher energy utilization and greater reduction in carbon emissions.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Qingpu Li, Yaqi Ding, Guangming Chen, Yongmei Xuan, Neng Gao, Nian Li, Xinyue Hao
Summary: This paper proposes and studies a piston-type thermally-driven pump with a structure similar to a linear compressor, aiming to eliminate the high-quality energy consumption of existing pumps and replace mechanical pumps. The coupling mechanism of working fluid flow and element dimension is analyzed based on force analysis, and experimental data analysis is used to determine the pump operation stroke. Theoretical simulation is conducted to analyze the correlation mechanism of the piston assembly. The research shows that the thermally-driven pump can greatly reduce power consumption and has potential for industrial applications.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)