Article
Hematology
Brandon Metra, Ross Summer, Sandra Elaine Brooks, Gautam George, Baskaran Sundaram
Summary: This study found that black race was associated with a higher risk of pulmonary embolism and mortality after COVID-19. Additionally, black patients with COVID-19 and PE had a higher mortality compared to white patients.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nathan P. Dalva-Baird, Wilson M. Alobuia, Eran Bendavid, Jay Bhattacharya
Summary: The study found that American COVID-19 testing sites were not distributed equitably by race, often underrepresenting minority populations who bear a disproportionate burden of COVID-19 cases and deaths. There was a significant correlation between the underrepresentation of Hispanic populations in testing sites and higher mortality rates among the Hispanic population in the state. These results highlight the importance of considering access and equity when distributing resources for COVID-19 prevention.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Dagoberto Estevez-Ordonez, Moaaz Abdelrashid, Elizabeth Coffee, Nicholas M. B. Laskay, Travis J. Atchley, Rati Chkheidze, John B. Fiveash, James M. Markert, Mina Lobbous, Brandon M. Maveal, Louis Burt Nabors
Summary: This study investigated the impact of racial and socioeconomic disparities on the outcomes of patients with glioblastoma (GBM), and found that African American patients had better survival rates compared to White patients, even after controlling for genetic variations and treatment. Additionally, African American patients with low income, public insurance, or no insurance had worse survival rates compared to White patients with similar conditions.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Fatima Rodriguez, Nicole Solomon, James A. de Lemos, Sandeep R. Das, David A. Morrow, Steven M. Bradley, Mitchell S. Elkind, Joseph H. Williams, DaJuanicia Holmes, Roland A. Matsouaka, Divya Gupta, Ty J. Gluckman, Marwah Abdalla, Michelle A. Albert, Clyde W. Yancy, Tracy Y. Wang
Summary: The study aimed to identify racial and ethnic differences in presentation and outcomes for COVID-19 patients hospitalized in the United States. Despite adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical differences, Black and Hispanic patients had a greater burden of mortality and morbidity compared to non-Hispanic White patients. Although in-hospital mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events did not differ by race/ethnicity after adjustment, disparities in health outcomes still exist among different racial and ethnic groups in COVID-19 hospitalizations.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Rachel D'Amico, Patrick M. Schnell, Randi Foraker, J. Nwando Olayiwola, Daniel E. Jonas, Seuli Bose
Summary: This study aimed to characterize sociodemographic differences in primary care via telehealth compared to in-person office visits before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study found that during the pandemic, patients who self-identified as Asian and Nepali, Medicare-insured patients, and patients living in areas with low socioeconomic status were less likely to use telehealth. These disparities persisted throughout the year. Therefore, it is important to reassess the use of telehealth and advocate for policy changes to improve equity.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Savanah Russ, John Bramley, Yu Liu, Irena Boyce
Summary: A study was conducted in the Finger Lakes region of New York State to determine COVID-19 vaccine uptake among racialized groups. Cross-matching and validation were used to reduce missing race information in vaccine records. The study found that vaccine uptake was highest among individuals identifying as White, followed by those identifying as Black.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Elizabeth Wrigley-Field, Sarah Garcia, Jonathon P. Leider, David Van Riper
Summary: Research shows significant racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 mortality, especially in disadvantaged neighborhoods. In 2020, total mortality increased by 14% for non-Hispanic White people and 41% for BIPOC. Furthermore, statistical data indicates that most of the growth in racial disparity is due to mortality gaps between White people and communities of color.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Felipe Lobelo, Alan Bienyenida, Serena Leung, Armand Mbanya, Elizabeth Leslie, Kate Koplan, Sangmin Ryan Shin
Summary: In this study, sociodemographic, clinical, and behavioral factors affecting racial disparities among COVID-19 patients in Kaiser Permanente Georgia were analyzed. Black and Hispanic patients were found to have higher odds of hospitalization, but not mortality, compared to other race groups. It was suggested that interventions to reduce COVID-19 racial disparities should consider factors beyond sociodemographics and comorbidities, such as quality of care, lifestyle behaviors, and social determinants of health indicators.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
James A. Roberts, Meredith E. David
Summary: Recent CDC data shows higher COVID-19 hospitalization and mortality rates for certain racial/ethnic groups, with African Americans and Hispanics being more affected. A new Sequential Mediation Model was tested on a sample of 483 US adults to explain disparities in preventive behaviors, surpassing the long-used Health Belief Model in explanatory capacity. Study results show higher levels of preventive behaviors and self-efficacy among African Americans compared to Caucasians, with SES potentially playing a more important role than race in explaining differences. The new model was supported across all three racial/ethnic groups with significant differences observed.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
G. Krishnamoorthy, C. Arsene, N. Jena, S. M. Mogulla, R. Coakley, J. Khine, N. Khosrodad, A. Klein, A. A. Sule
Summary: This study evaluated racial disparities in characteristics and comorbidities of COVID-19 patients hospitalized in Michigan, United States. The results showed that Black patients were younger, had higher body mass index and diabetes prevalence, and presented later compared to White patients. However, despite higher obesity rates in young Black patients, hospitalized Black patients did not have worse outcomes compared to White patients.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Md Marufuzzaman Khan, Agricola Odoi, Evah W. Odoi
Summary: This study aimed to identify geographic disparities in COVID-19 testing, incidence, hospitalizations, and deaths in Florida during the early stages of the pandemic. High estimates of all COVID-19 metrics were found in Southern Florida, while other parts of the state had more heterogeneous distributions. These findings provide valuable baseline data for evaluating the effectiveness of preventive interventions in different geographic locations.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Honghyok Kim, Antonella Zanobetti, Michelle L. Bell
Summary: The study found that counties with higher percentage of Black/African Americans and higher Black-White segregation had higher COVID-19 case and mortality rates in the early phase, but these associations decreased over time and even reversed in the third phase. Positive associations between Hispanic population and COVID-19 outcomes were consistent throughout the pandemic, while higher COVID-19 case rates for counties with higher non-Hispanic White population emerged in the third phase.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hudin N. Jackson, Caroline C. Hadley, A. Basit Khan, Ron Gadot, James C. Bayley, Arya Shetty, Jacob Mandel, Ali Jalali, K. Kelly Gallagher, Alex D. Sweeney, Arif O. Harmanci, Akdes S. Harmanci, Tiemo Klisch, Shankar P. Gopinath, Ganesh Rao, Daniel Yoshor, Akash J. Patel
Summary: Minority patients with meningiomas tend to present with more severe symptoms, longer hospital stays, and higher hospitalization costs. This may be due to socioeconomic factors that affect their access to healthcare. Addressing barriers to access, especially to subspecialty care, may improve patient care and outcomes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nadia R. Sutton, Sheria G. Robinson-Lane, Raymond Y. Yeow, Heather A. Chubb, Tae Kim, Vineet Chopra
Summary: Racial and ethnic disparities exist in the outcomes of patients hospitalized with COVID-19. The study found that black patients had higher mortality rates and were less likely to receive certain treatments compared to white patients. It suggests that COVID-19 mortality is influenced by both pre-hospitalization clinical and social factors, as well as in-hospital care.
Article
Gerontology
Tyrone C. Hamler, Ann W. Nguyen, Dawne M. Mouzon, Harry O. Taylor, Weidi Qin, Ryon J. Cobb
Summary: This study examines the psychological effects of COVID-19 on older adults, focusing on the interplay between perceptions of the outbreak, race, and psychological distress. The findings suggest that greater perceptions of COVID-19 as a threat to daily life are associated with higher levels of distress, although Black individuals reported lower distress compared to White individuals. The study also identifies race differences in the association between COVID-19 threat and distress among men. This research contributes to understanding the impact of COVID-19-related stressors on older adults and highlights the importance of considering intersecting identities in mental health during the pandemic.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Gabriel J. Escobar, Lauren Soltesz, Alejandro Schuler, Hamid Niki, Ivana Malenica, Catherine Lee
Summary: An automated predictive model using routinely collected obstetrical data was developed to predict obstetrical complications. The study found that a gradient boosted model slightly outperformed a logistic regression model, detecting 52% of adverse outcomes at an alert threshold of 4.1%.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jennifer O. Lam, Craig E. Hou, J. Carlo Hojilla, Alexandra N. Anderson, Paola Gilsanz, Stacey E. Alexeeff, Tory Levine-Hall, Nicole Hood, Catherine Lee, Derek D. Satre, Michael J. Silverberg
Summary: This study compared the risk of dementia after age 50 between individuals with and without HIV in a primary care setting. The results showed that individuals with HIV had a 58% higher risk of dementia compared to those without HIV, despite receiving ART treatment.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Catherine Lee, Paola Gilsanz, Sebastien Haneuse
Summary: Researchers proposed a modeling framework to assess the impact of covariates on semi-competing risks data, such as incident dementia and death, while accounting for dependence between the outcomes when data are left-truncated.
BMC MEDICAL RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Neha Mantri, Meng Lu, Jonathan G. Zaroff, Neil Risch, Thomas Hoffmann, Akinyemi Oni-Orisan, Catherine Lee, Carlos Iribarren
Summary: The study identified independent predictors of TdP including low potassium concentration, history of atrial fibrillation/flutter, prolonged QTc interval, and prior history of coronary artery disease. Common treatments for TdP included IV magnesium and IV potassium repletion, with in-hospital and 1-year mortality rates of 10.7% and 25.0% respectively. These findings may help in developing risk prediction models and guiding practitioners on patient monitoring and treatment strategies.
ANNALS OF NONINVASIVE ELECTROCARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Jennifer O. Lam, Catherine Lee, Paola Gilsanz, Craig E. Hou, Wendy A. Leyden, Derek D. Satre, Jason A. Flamm, William J. Towner, Michael A. Horberg, Michael J. Silverberg
Summary: This study compared the incidence and prevalence of dementia in individuals aged 50 and older with HIV to individuals without HIV. The researchers found that individuals with HIV had a higher incidence and prevalence of dementia, despite a decrease in recent years.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Catherine Lee, Lawrence H. Kushi, Mary E. Reed, Elizabeth H. Eldridge, Jeffrey K. Lee, Jie Zhang, Donna Spiegelman
Summary: The elimination of cost sharing for colorectal cancer screening due to the Affordable Care Act was associated with a decrease in colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. Removing the financial burden from cost sharing can lead to improved colorectal cancer outcomes.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Carlos Iribarren, Malini Chandra, Catherine Lee, Gabriela Sanchez, Danny L. Sam, Farima Faith Azamian, Hyo-Min Cho, Huanjun Ding, Nathan D. Wong, Sabee Molloi
Summary: Breast arterial calcification (BAC) presence and quantity have been found to be associated with cardiovascular disease outcomes, providing additional risk stratification and potential for primary prevention, especially among postmenopausal women.
CIRCULATION-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2022)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Julie A. Schmittdiel, Alyce S. Adams, Debra Haire-Joshu, Michele Heisler, Gretchen A. Piatt, Ron Ackermann, Marshall H. Chin, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Spero M. Manson, K. M. Venkat Narayan, Dean Schillinger, Angela G. Brega
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mustafa Bseikri, Jie Zhang, Jocelyn Kirley, Catherine Lee, Adrienne Castillo, Elizabeth M. Cespedes Feliciano
Summary: This study evaluated the role of the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire and associated subscales in predicting the severity of obstructive sleep apnea in children. The results showed that the snoring subscale was more predictive than the sleep-related breathing disorders subscale, but further research is needed to improve the effectiveness of the questionnaire.
SLEEP AND BREATHING
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mai N. Nguyen-Huynh, Joseph D. Young, Bruce Ovbiagele, Janet G. Alexander, Stacey Alexeeff, Catherine Lee, Noelle Blick, Bette J. Caan, Alan S. Go, Stephen Sidney
Summary: This study aimed to determine whether a lifestyle coaching intervention or an enhanced pharmacotherapy protocol is more effective than usual care in improving blood pressure control rates in Black adults within an integrated healthcare system.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Stephen Sidney, Catherine Lee, Jennifer Liu, Sadiya S. Khan, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Jamal S. Rana
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthew D. Solomon, Gabriel J. Escobar, Yun Lu, David Schlessinger, Jonathan B. Steinman, Lawrence Steinman, Catherine Lee, Vincent X. Liu
Summary: Susceptibility and severity of COVID-19 infection vary widely. Prior exposure to endemic coronaviruses, common in young children, may protect against SARS-CoV-2. In adults, less exposure to young children is associated with more severe COVID-19 illness.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Allison M. Gustavson, Allison A. Lewinski, Ellen E. Fitzsimmons-Craft, Gloria D. Coronado, Sarah E. Linke, Denalee M. O'Malley, Alyce S. Adams, Russell E. Glasgow, Lisa M. Klesges
Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the rapid scaling of telehealth has limited proactive planning for equitable implementation. However, the deployment of telehealth will continue in the postpandemic era, and it is important to address the unintended consequences and implement corrective measures to ensure equitable access. This paper aims to describe equitable implementation in telehealth and integrate an equity lens into actionable plans.
INTERACTIVE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Monique M. Hedderson, Fei Xu, Olumayowa M. Dayo, Emily Liu, Sneha Sridhar, Catherine Lee, Mara Greenberg
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate racial-ethnic disparities in preterm birth subtypes and the role of maternal cardiometabolic risk factors as mediators. The findings showed that Black, Asian, and Hispanic individuals are at increased risk for preterm birth, and maternal cardiometabolic risk factors partially mediate the associations between race-ethnicity and preterm birth subtypes.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY MFM
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Catherine Lee, Brian L. Lawson, Ariana J. Mann, Vincent X. Liu, Laura C. Myers, Alejandro Schuler, Gabriel J. Escobar
Summary: This study explores the relationship between healthcare delivery strain and imminent discharge and in-hospital mortality. Using retrospective cohort study and data from 21 hospitals, the study found strong associations between several novel predictors and the outcomes. However, these predictors do not simply track patients' severity of illness, but have complex relationships with severity over time.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION
(2022)