Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Claire E. Hastie, Jill P. Pell, Naveed Sattar
Summary: The study investigated over 341,000 UK Biobank participants and found an association between 25(OH)D concentration and COVID-19 infection and mortality, which disappeared after adjusting for confounders. Vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency was also not independently associated with COVID-19 infection or linked mortality.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jamie L. Hanson, Kristen O'Connor, Dorthea J. Adkins, Isabella Kahhale
Summary: This study investigates the association between childhood adversity and COVID-19-related hospitalization and mortality. The results suggest a significant association between childhood adversity and higher likelihood of COVID-19-related hospitalization and death, even after adjusting for potential confounders.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Anesthesiology
Claire E. Hastie, Hamish M. E. Foster, Bhautesh D. Jani, Catherine A. O'Donnell, Frederick K. Ho, Jill P. Pell, Naveed Sattar, Srinivasa V. Katikireddi, Frances S. Mair, Barbara I. Nicholl
Summary: We investigated the association between self-reported chronic pain and COVID-19 hospitalization or mortality. The study found that chronic pain was associated with higher risk of hospitalization for COVID-19, even after adjusting for other variables, with a clear dose-response relationship. However, the association with COVID-19 mortality was unclear.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Joshua Elliott, Barbara Bodinier, Matthew Whitaker, Cyrille Delpierre, Roel Vermeulen, Ioanna Tzoulaki, Paul Elliott, Marc Chadeau-Hyam
Summary: Using data from the UK Biobank cohort, this study investigated factors associated with COVID-19 mortality and found that age, male sex, Black ethnicity, healthcare worker status, smoking, certain comorbidities, and oral steroid use were independently associated with increased risk of COVID-19 death. The study also highlighted the potential contributions of income, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, cystatin C, and oral steroid use to the risk of COVID-19 mortality.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Thanh-Huyen T. Vu, Kelsey J. Rydland, Chad J. Achenbach, Linda Van Horn, Marilyn C. Cornelis
Summary: The study examined the association between specific dietary factors and incident COVID-19 in the UK Biobank, finding that consuming coffee, vegetables, and being breastfed as a baby were associated with reduced odds of COVID-19 positivity, while consuming processed meats was associated with increased odds. Adherence to certain dietary behaviors may be an additional tool in limiting the spread of the virus.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Clare L. Gillies, Alex Rowlands, Cameron Razieh, Vahe Nafilyan, Yogini Chudasama, Nazrul Islam, Francesco Zaccardi, Daniel Ayoubkhani, Claire Lawson, Melanie J. Davies, Tom Yates, Kamlesh Khunti
Summary: This study found that household size is associated with the risk of COVID-19 infection. Individuals living alone and those living with three or more people have a higher odds of severe COVID-19, while individuals living alone have a lower odds of non-severe COVID-19.
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Marcin Paciorek, Carlo Bienkowski, Justyna Dominika Kowalska, Agata Skrzat-Klapaczynska, Agnieszka Bednarska, Dominika Krogulec, Grazyna Cholewinska, Jacek Kowalski, Regina Podlasin, Katarzyna Ropelewska-Lacka, Piotr Wasilewski, Piotr W. Boros, Magdalena M. Martusiewicz-Boros, Piotr Pulik, Andrzej Pihowicz, Andrzej Horban
Summary: This study analyzed the clinical symptoms, abnormalities in laboratory test results, and coexisting chronic diseases in patients with COVID-19. It found that low oxygen saturation, old age, and the presence of cancer, gastric ulcers, and dementia were independent factors that increased the risk of in-hospital mortality. Laboratory test results such as decreased platelet count and bilirubin concentration, and increased levels of LDH and NT-proBNP, also indicated a higher risk of mortality. The SOFA scale was confirmed to be useful in predicting treatment results.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jonathan K. L. Mak, Ralf Kuja-Halkola, Yunzhang Wang, Sara Hagg, Juulia Jylhava
Summary: Frailty and comorbidity measures were found to be associated with COVID-19 mortality risk in a U.K. Biobank cohort study. Concurrent HFRS and CCI were shown to have stronger predictive abilities for COVID-19 mortality, but limited added value in COVID-19 inpatients.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Trieu-Nghi Hoang-Thi, Duc-Tuan Tran, Hai-Dang Tran, Manh-Cuong Tran, Tra-My Ton-Nu, Hong-Minh Trinh-Le, Hanh-Nhi Le-Huu, Nga-My Le-Thi, Cong-Trinh Tran, Nhat-Nam Le-Dong, Anh-Tuan Dinh-Xuan
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of a chest X-ray scoring scale in predicting death and ICU admission among COVID-19 patients. The results showed that the CXR score was a strong predictor of mortality and could accurately identify high-risk patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Virology
He Yan, Shanshan Lu, Liangpei Chen, Yufang Wang, Qiaomei Liu, Dongsheng Li, Xisheng Yan, Jie Yan
Summary: Multiorgan injury in COVID-19 patients is associated with an increased risk of mortality, with the number of affected organs correlating with higher levels of inflammatory markers and complications. Patients with three organ injuries had the highest mortality rate, highlighting the importance of assessing organ damage for prognosis in COVID-19 cases.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Tabea Schoeler, Doug Speed, Eleonora Porcu, Nicola Pirastu, Jean-Baptiste Pingault, Zoltan Kutalik
Summary: While volunteer-based studies in genetic epidemiology have become popular, the participants often do not represent the target population. This study used UK Biobank data and a representative sample to calculate participation probabilities and conducted weighted genome-wide association analysis on 19 traits. The findings showed that increasing representativeness led to changes in SNP effect sizes, identified new SNP associations, and had significant impact on genetic correlations and Mendelian randomization estimates for socio-behavioural traits.
NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lamiece Hassan, Niels Peek, Karina Lovell, Andre F. Carvalho, Marco Solmi, Brendon Stubbs, Joseph Firth
Summary: People with severe mental illness, including schizophrenia/psychosis and bipolar disorder, have higher risks of COVID-19 infection, hospitalisation, and mortality. These disparities were not fully accounted for by demographic characteristics or comorbidities. Prioritizing vaccination and preventive measures for these vulnerable groups is important.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Baldev M. Singh, James Bateman, Ananth Viswanath, Vijay Klaire, Sultan Mahmud, Alan Nevill, Simon J. Dunmore
Summary: This study explores variations in COVID-19 outcomes in relation to local risks and found associations between ethnicity, age, comorbidities, and poverty with COVID-19 hospital admissions and mortality. Results showed significant differences in outcomes for South Asians and in relation to deprivation. Therefore, locally focused public health strategies should consider the diverse risk factors among different ethnic groups.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
H. Larvin, S. Wilmott, J. Kang, V. R. Aggarwal, S. Pavitt, J. Wu
Summary: This study found that overweight and obesity are associated with increased risk of COVID-19 infection, while periodontal disease does not affect infection rates. Hospitalization and mortality rates are higher in obese individuals with periodontal disease, increasing with higher BMI categories.
JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Olayinka Gbolahan, Vasileios Bonatsos, Subhabrata Mukherjee, Asif Raza
Summary: The risk of contracting COVID-19 as a urology emergency inpatient is very low, with no related mortality. Most patients were afraid to seek medical help during the pandemic, but were unwilling to seek medical advice through self-treatment.
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Jing Kang, Jasper Palmier-Claus, Jianhua Wu, David Shiers, Harriet Larvin, Tim Doran, Vishal R. Aggarwal
Summary: The study finds that periodontal disease is more prevalent in people with a history of psychosis compared to the general population. Older age, female gender, smoking, and comorbidities are associated with periodontal disease among people with a history of psychosis.
COMMUNITY DENTISTRY AND ORAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Suleman Aktaa, Gorav Batra, Stefan K. James, Daniel J. Blackman, Peter F. Ludman, Mamas A. Mamas, Mohamed Abdel-Wahab, Gianni D. Angelini, Martin Czerny, Victoria Delgado, Giuseppe De Luca, Agricola Eustachio, Dan Foldager, Christian W. Hamm, Bernard Iung, Norman Mangner, Julinda Mehilli, Gavin J. Murphy, Darren Mylotte, Radoslaw Parma, Anna Sonia Petronio, Bodgan A. Popescu, Lars Sondergaard, Rui C. Teles, Manel Sabate, Christian J. Terkelsen, Luca Testa, Jianhua Wu, Aldo P. Maggioni, Lars Wallentin, Barbara Casadei, Chris P. Gale
Summary: The EuroHeart project aims to create pan-European data standards for cardiovascular diseases and interventions, including TAVI, to quantify quality of care and patient outcomes.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-QUALITY OF CARE AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Adam C. Jowett, Simon J. Littlewood, Trevor M. Hodge, Harmeet K. Dhaliwal, Jianhua Wu
Summary: This study compared different types of bonded retainers in terms of stability, retainer failures, and patient satisfaction. The results showed that the upper Memotain (R) retainers had a higher failure rate compared to the upper Ortho-FlexTech (TM) retainers.
JOURNAL OF ORTHODONTICS
(2023)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Harriet Larvin, Jing Kang, Vishal R. Aggarwal, Susan Pavitt, Jianhua Wu
Summary: This review examines and quantifies the long-term risk of immune-mediated systemic conditions in people with periodontitis compared to those without. The results show that people with periodontitis have an increased risk of developing diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoporosis.
COMMUNITY DENTISTRY AND ORAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Anastasios Kanatas, Emma G. Walshaw, Jianhua Wu, Gillon Fabbroni, Preetha Chengot
Summary: This prospective longitudinal study found that oral cancer surgery is complicated due to the diverse clinical and histopathological presentations. Surgical margin status plays a significant role in patient survival, while the importance of other histopathological factors varies in the literature.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Harriet Larvin, Chenyi Gao, Jing Kang, Vishal R. Aggarwal, Susan Pavitt, Jianhua Wu
Summary: The study found that there is an association between periodontal disease and cognitive disorders. The risk of cognitive decline is higher in individuals with severe periodontal disease and a higher proportion of females. Additionally, self-reported periodontal disease is associated with a lower risk of cognitive disorders compared to clinically diagnosed cases.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Laurence Duquenne, Elizabeth M. Hensor, Michelle Wilson, Leticia Garcia-Montoya, Jacqueline L. Nam, Jianhua Wu, Kate Harnden, Innocent Chidi Anioke, Andrea Di Matteo, Rahaymin Chowdhury, Navkiran Sidhu, Frederique Ponchel, Kulveer Mankia, Paul Emery
Summary: This study developed two scores for predicting inflammatory arthritis (IA) using multidimensional biomarkers. The simple score can identify low-risk individuals, while the comprehensive score is suitable for identifying high-risk individuals. These scores may be useful in both clinical care and clinical trials.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Chenyi Gao, Harriet Larvin, David Timothy Bishop, David Bunce, Susan Pavitt, Jianhua Wu, Jing Kang
Summary: This study comprehensively investigates the bidirectional association between oral diseases and cognitive function. The results show associations between various oral diseases and global cognitive score, and a significant correlation between these oral diseases and cognitive function is also found using structural equation modeling.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Christopher J. Hayward, Jonathan A. Batty, David R. Westhead, Owen Johnson, Chris P. Gale, Jianhua Wu, Marlous Hall
Summary: By analyzing large-scale health records data, we found that there are various disease trajectories following myocardial infarction (MI), with multiple circulatory diagnoses and neuro-psychiatric diagnoses being more common and associated with increased mortality. Early intervention, particularly focusing on psychological and behavioral pathways, for MI survivors can help mitigate adverse disease trajectories, multimorbidity, and premature mortality.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yoko M. Nakao, Kazuhiro Nakao, Ramesh Nadarajah, Amitava Banerjee, Gregg C. Fonarow, Mark C. Petrie, Kazem Rahimi, Jianhua Wu, Chris P. Gale
Summary: This study investigated the association between the accuracy of heart failure (HF) phenotype in electronic health records (EHRs) and prognosis and care provision. The findings suggest that the absence of specification of HF phenotype in routine EHRs is associated with lower rates of clinical investigations, treatments, and survival, highlighting the need for improvement in this area to reduce prognostic and healthcare resource burden.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Ramesh Nadarajah, Maryum Farooq, Keerthenan Raveendra, Yoko M. Nakao, Kazuhiro Nakao, Chris Wilkinson, Jianhua Wu, Chris P. Gale
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases are a prominent cause of death and disability in Europe, with inequalities in care and outcomes. Women and older people tend to receive less guideline-recommended treatment, and there is limited research on ethnicity. Variations between healthcare providers in cardiovascular care contribute to differing patient outcomes. The UK NHS is well-positioned to address these inequalities and implement strategies for equitable care.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE
(2023)
Article
Rheumatology
H. L. Gul, A. Di Matteo, K. Mankia, J. Wu, F. Ponchel, P. Emery
Summary: Specific guidelines for managing RA patients in clinical remission for >= 6 months on cs-DMARDs are lacking. This study aimed to assess the rate of sustained remission and identify predictors of outcome in patients who either followed structured cs-DMARD tapering or continued therapy. The combination of clinical, PRO, US, and T-cell parameters demonstrated added value in predicting sustained remission compared with clinical parameters alone.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RHEUMATOLOGY
(2023)