Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sarah P. Short, Jennifer M. Pilat, Caitlyn W. Barrett, Vishruth K. Reddy, Yael Haberman, Jared R. Hendren, Benjamin J. Marsh, Cody E. Keating, Amy K. Motley, Kristina E. Hill, Anne E. Zemper, M. Kay Washington, Chanjuan Shi, Xi Chen, Keith T. Wilson, Jeffrey S. Hyams, Lee A. Denson, Raymond F. Burk, Michael J. Rosen, Christopher S. Williams
Summary: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) often have nutritional selenium deficiencies and are at higher risk of developing colon cancer. Research has shown that reduction of the antioxidant protein SELENOP can increase tumor development in colitis-associated cancer models, with epithelial-specific deletion of SELENOP leading to elevated oxidative stress and tumor initiation. This suggests that colonic SELENOP levels may serve as a biomarker for disease severity and cancer predisposition in IBD patients.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Meyli Claudia Escobar-Ramirez, Gabriela Mariana Rodriguez-Serrano, Eduardo Zuniga-Leon, Mario Adolfo Garcia-Montes, Emmanuel Perez-Escalante, Luis Guillermo Gonzalez-Olivares
Summary: Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) exhibit resistance to sodium selenite concentrations above 100 mg/L. This study confirmed the presence of selenocysteine in Enterococcus faecium ABMC-05. The microorganism was cultured in a medium with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 184 mg/L sodium selenite, and the absorption of selenium and its conversion into selenocysteine were determined using ICP-OES and RP-HPLC, respectively. PCR analysis revealed the presence of the cysK gene and the absence of the selD and selA genes. The results demonstrate that this microorganism produces selenocysteine through a pathway independent of SelA and SelD, unlike other LAB.
FERMENTATION-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kavitej Samra, Mathun Kuganesan, William Smith, Anna Kleyman, Robert Tidswell, Nishkantha Arulkumaran, Mervyn Singer, Alex Dyson
Summary: Metabolically active gasotransmitters like nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen sulfide are important signalling molecules with therapeutic potential in oxidative pathologies. Sodium hydroselenide (NaHSe), a simple selenide salt, has shown significant metabolic activity by inhibiting cytochrome C oxidase and impacting selenoprotein expression. The oxidation status of selenium plays a crucial role in protein expression and the use of NaHSe as a potential therapeutic agent warrants further research and clinical implications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carmen Beatrice Dogaru, Corina Muscurel, Carmen Duta, Irina Stoian
Summary: This review discusses the identity and functions of several less-known selenoproteins, which play important roles in various physiological and pathogenic processes, including antioxidant defense, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, and immune and inflammatory response.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Filippo Biscarini, Giulia Masetti, Ilaria Muller, Hedda Luise Verhasselt, Danila Covelli, Giuseppe Colucci, Lei Zhang, Mohd Shazli Draman, Onyebuchi Okosieme, Pete Taylor, Chantal Daumerie, Maria-Cristina Burlacu, Michele Marino, Daniel George Ezra, Petros Perros, Sue Plummer, Anja Eckstein, Mario Salvi, Julian R. Marchesi, Marian Ludgate
Summary: This study compared the fecal microbiota in patients with hyperthyroidism caused by Graves disease (GD) and varying severity of Graves orbitopathy (GO) with healthy controls. The results showed an increase in Actinobacteria and a decrease in Bacteroidetes in GD/GO patients compared to controls. A higher Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio was observed in GD/GO. Longitudinal analysis revealed a correlation between the presence of certain bacteria (Clostridiales) at diagnosis and the persistence of thyroid antibodies even after antithyroid drug treatment.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kaitlin Day, Lucia A. Seale, Ross M. Graham, Barbara R. Cardoso
Summary: Observational studies suggest that selenium may be involved in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), with the possibility of lower selenium levels in the liver of NAFLD patients due to increased consumption. Variations in gene expression may be associated with the progressive risk of NAFLD, with differences in gene expression levels in certain selenoprotein pathways between NAFLD patients and healthy individuals.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Penny M. Kremer, Daniel J. Torres, Ann C. Hashimoto, Marla J. Berry
Summary: Selenium is an essential micronutrient that plays a crucial role in antioxidant defense and supporting various biological functions. Mice with genetic deficiencies related to selenium display sexual dimorphic neurological deficits, with females showing signs of hyper-adiposity, a metabolic phenotype that can be reversed by restricting selenium intake at specific periods.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
S. Ippolito, C. Cusini, P. Lasalvia, F. Gianfagna, G. Veronesi, D. Gallo, E. Masiello, P. Premoli, J. Sabatino, A. Mercuriali, A. Lai, E. Piantanida, M. L. Tanda, L. Bartalena
Summary: Recent studies suggest that the clinical phenotype of Graves' disease (GD) has become milder in terms of hyperthyroidism, goiter, and Graves' Orbitopathy at onset. Biochemical data showed lower levels of free thyroxine (FT4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) in patients diagnosed after 2000 compared to those diagnosed before. Factors contributing to this change may include iodoprophylaxis, decrease in smoking rates, contraceptive pill and micronutrient use, as well as improved early diagnosis and management.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Waldemar B. Minich
Summary: Selenium is an essential trace element that plays a significant role in human health. It is involved in the synthesis of selenoproteins, which have diverse functions such as antioxidant activity and participation in thyroid hormone synthesis. Optimizing selenium intake is crucial for preventing diseases associated with selenium deficiency or excess.
BIOCHEMISTRY-MOSCOW
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Pablo Rodriguez de Vera Gomez, Mariola Mendez Muros, Alberto Torres Cuadro, Francisco Javier Toyos Saenz de Miera, Rocio Lopez Ruiz, Raquel Guerrero Vazquez, Juan Jesus Garcia Gonzalez, Antonio Manuel Garrido Hermosilla, Tomas Martin Hernandez
Summary: This study describes the clinical and biochemical characteristics of GD-ALZ and the clinical course of GO-ALZ cases in patients treated with Alemtuzumab for RRMS. GD-ALZ was observed in 32.6% of the cases, mainly affecting women with an average age of 41.9 years. Having first-degree relatives with hypothyroidism was identified as a risk factor. GO-ALZ was diagnosed in 13.6% of the cases, with 3 cases requiring anti-IL-6 treatment.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Junyan Ma, Yaoyu Xu, Wen Zhao, Beibei Wang, Chunhuan Zhang, Zhenxing Zhang
Summary: Researchers have developed a Tag-Sec fluorescent probe that can detect both thioredoxin reductase and selenocysteine with high sensitivity and selectivity, along with broad pH tolerance and good water solubility. This concept may serve as a useful guide for designing probes for detecting Sec-containing proteins in clinical diagnosis.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
M. Zarkovic, W. Wiersinga, P. Perros, L. Bartalena, S. Donati, O. Okosieme, D. Morris, N. Fichter, J. Lareida, C. Daumerie, M-C Burlacu, G. J. Kahaly, S. Pitz, B. Beleslin, J. Ciric, G. Ayvaz, O. Konuk, F. B. Toruner, M. Salvi, D. Covelli, N. Curro, L. Hegedus, T. Brix
Summary: The study found that the "Titration" (T) regimen was more advantageous in maintaining biochemical euthyroidism during ATD therapy compared to the "Block and Replace" (B + R) regimen, with a higher proportion of effectively treated patients within 18 months. However, there was no significant difference in the development of Graves' Orbitopathy between the two treatment regimens, and it remains unclear which regimen is clinically more advantageous.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Naser Owji, Fatemeh Moradi, Mohammad Reza Khalili, Hamidreza Jahanbani-Ardakani
Summary: This study found a reverse association between serum selenium levels and thyroid hormones in patients with Graves disease, with differences observed between the groups with and without orbitopathy. However, there were no significant differences in serum selenium levels between the GO and GD groups compared to the control group.
ENDOCRINE PRACTICE
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Kainat Ahmed, Ghayoor Abbas Chotana, Amir Faisal, Rahman Shah Zaib Saleem
Summary: This article summarizes the synthetic methodologies of selenium-containing peptides and provides a brief description of their chemistry and biological activities. These methodologies enable the access to various natural and unnatural selenium-containing peptides that have been used in a range of applications, from modulating protein characteristics to structure-activity relationship studies for applications in nutraceuticals and drug development.
MINI-REVIEWS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julie Craps, Virginie Joris, Lelio Baldeschi, Chantal Daumerie, Alessandra Camboni, Antoine Buemi, Benoit Lengele, Catherine Behets, Antonella Boschi, Michel Mourad, Marie-Christine Many, Chantal Dessy
Summary: This study investigates the metabolic pathways and signaling pathways involved in oxidative stress and angiogenesis in Graves' disease and Graves' orbitopathy. It identifies NOX4/HIF-1 alpha/VEGF-A as critical factors and provides evidence for the downregulation of miR-199a and activation of STAT-3 signaling in these conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
F. Nicoli, G. Lanzolla, M. Mantuano, I. Ionni, B. Mazzi, M. Leo, A. Sframeli, C. Posarelli, M. N. Maglionico, M. Figus, M. Nardi, C. Marcocci, M. Marino
Summary: The study found a direct correlation between serum TRAb levels and the clinical activity score (CAS) in untreated Graves' orbitopathy (GO) patients. However, there were no relationships between TRAbs and other eye features such as exophthalmometry, eyelid aperture, degree of diplopia, visual acuity, and NOSPECS score.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Giovanna Rotondo Dottore, Marenza Leo, Roberta Ricciardi, Michelangelo Maestri, Ilaria Bucci, Marco Lucchi, Franca Melfi, Melania Guida, Anna De Rosa, Loredana Petrucci, Ilaria Ionni, Giulia Lanzolla, Francesca Nicoli, Michele Mantuano, Debora Ricci, Francesco Latrofa, Stefano Mariotti, Claudio Marcocci, Michele Marino
Summary: This study investigated the role of the thymus in thyroid autoimmunity and found that the prevalence of serum anti-thyroid autoantibodies significantly decreased in patients who underwent thymectomy, suggesting a potential role of the thymus in maintaining humoral thyroid autoimmunity.
EUROPEAN THYROID JOURNAL
(2021)
Letter
Endocrinology & Metabolism
G. Lanzolla, C. Marcocci, M. Marino
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
L. Bartalena, G. J. Kahaly, L. Baldeschi, C. M. Dayan, A. Eckstein, C. Marcocci, M. Marino, B. Vaidya, W. M. Wiersinga
Summary: Graves' orbitopathy is the main extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves' disease, and treatment should be based on clinical activity and severity assessment. Early referral to specialized centers is crucial for most patients. Treatment plans should be tailored to individual patients based on their specific conditions and risk factors.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
G. Rotondo Dottore, L. Torregrossa, G. Lanzolla, S. Mariotti, F. Menconi, P. Piaggi, L. Cristofani Mencacci, C. Posarelli, M. N. Maglionico, I. Dallan, M. Figus, M. Nardi, C. Marcocci, F. Basolo, M. Marino
Summary: The majority of GO patients have mononuclear cell infiltrates in the orbit, with a small percentage exclusively represented by plasmacells. CD4 cells play a major role in GO activity. These findings may contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of GO.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Giulia Lanzolla, Elena Sabini, Marenza Leo, Francesca Menconi, Roberto Rocchi, Angela Sframeli, Paolo Piaggi, Marco Nardi, Claudio Marcocci, Michele Marino
Summary: The addition of oral atorvastatin to an ivGC regimen improved Graves' orbitopathy outcomes in patients with moderate-to-severe, active eye disease who were hypercholesterolaemic.
By 24 weeks, 51% of patients in the ST group were responders in the composite evaluation of Graves' orbitopathy, higher than the 28% in the NST group.
Future phase 3 studies are needed to confirm this association and may recruit patients regardless of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration.
LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Iacopo Dallan, Lodovica Cristofani-Mencacci, Giacomo Fiacchini, Giacomo Benettini, Miriana Picariello, Giulia Lanzolla, Francesco Lazzerini, Roberto Rocchi, Mario Turri-Zanoni, Francesca Menconi, Stefano Sellari-Franceschini, Michele Marino
Summary: In this study, three different surgical protocols for the management of dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON) were evaluated and the functional outcomes were assessed. The results showed that the extended endonasal approach and the three walls decompression were effective in the treatment of DON.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
G. Lanzolla, M. N. Maglionico, S. Comi, F. Menconi, P. Piaggi, C. Posarelli, M. Figus, C. Marcocci, M. Marino
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of sirolimus as a second-line treatment for Graves' orbitopathy. The results showed that sirolimus had a better overall outcome at 24 weeks compared to methylprednisolone, improving quality of life, reducing proptosis and clinical activity score, with no serious adverse events observed.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Daniela Gallo, Lorenzo Mortara, Giovanni Veronesi, Simona A. M. Cattaneo, Angelo Genoni, Matteo Gallazzi, Carlo Peruzzo, Paolo Lasalvia, Paola Moretto, Antonino Bruno, Alberto Passi, Andrea Pini, Andrea Nauti, Maria Antonietta Lavizzari, Michele Marino, Giulia Lanzolla, Maria Laura Tanda, Luigi Bartalena, Eliana Piantanida
Summary: This study explores whether the addition of selenium (Se) and vitamin D (VitD) to methimazole (MMI) treatment helps to more promptly control hyperthyroidism. Combination therapy can significantly reduce thyroid hormone levels and improve patients' quality of life during the early stages of treatment.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
G. Lanzolla, L. Puccinelli, M. Giudetti, S. Comi, F. Menconi, M. N. Maglionico, C. Posarelli, M. Figus, C. Marcocci, M. Marino
Summary: This study investigated the association between anti-nuclear antibodies (ANAs) and Graves' orbitopathy (GO). The results showed that the prevalence of ANAs did not differ between GO and non-GO patients, but higher ANA titers were more common in GO patients. Additionally, ANA-positive patients had lower proptosis and were associated with eyelid aperture and clinical activity score.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Giovanna Rotondo Dottore, Giulia Lanzolla, Simone Comi, Francesca Menconi, Lodovica Cristofani Mencacci, Iacopo Dallan, Claudio Marcocci, Michele Marino
Summary: This study found that DNA methylation in orbital fibroblasts is associated with Graves orbitopathy (GO), leading to differential gene expression and functional alterations, ultimately contributing to the development of the GO phenotype.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
G. Lanzolla, L. Di Matteo, S. Comi, G. Cosentino, F. Menconi, M. N. Maglionico, C. Posarelli, M. Figus, M. Marino
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Elena Sabini, Lorenzo Arboit, Mohd Parvez Khan, Giulia Lanzolla, Ernestina Schipani
Summary: The role of energy metabolism in bone cells, specifically the production of ATP through glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, is critical for their function and differentiation. ATP generation is driven by an electrochemical gradient and requires the presence of oxygen. In addition to ATP, energy metabolism also generates reactive oxygen species and intermediate metabolites that regulate cellular functions. This review provides insights into the importance of oxidative phosphorylation and the cross-talk between oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis in the differentiation process of bone cells.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
S. Comi, G. Lanzolla, G. Cosentino, M. N. Maglionico, C. Posarelli, F. Menconi, F. Santini, R. Elisei, M. Marino
Summary: Our study suggests that there is no association between serum IgG4 and Graves' orbitopathy (GO) within Graves' disease (GD).
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Review
Ophthalmology
Giulia Lanzolla, Simone Comi, Giada Cosentino, Farzad Pakdel, Michele Marino
Summary: Statin drugs have a preventive and therapeutic role in moderate-to-severe active Graves orbitopathy (GO). They can lower cholesterol, have pleiotropic actions, and interact with methylprednisolone. The role of cholesterol and cholesterol-lowering medications has been extensively investigated, showing that statins not only protect against the development of GO in patients with Graves disease, but they can also be used for the treatment of moderate-to-severe GO.
OPHTHALMIC PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY
(2023)