Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Ji Wang, Meihe Li, Yawen Gao, Hongmei Li, Li Fang, Chunlei Liu, Xiaoting Liu, Weihong Min
Summary: This study investigated the effects of EPS103 on the intestinal immune response, oxidative stress, intestinal mucosal barrier, and microbial community in immunosuppressed mice. The results showed that EPS103 enhanced the intestinal immune response, protected against oxidative stress, improved the intestinal barrier function, and modulated the gut microbiota in mice.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Liyun Liu, Mingchao Xu, Ruiting Lan, Dalong Hu, Xianping Li, Lei Qiao, Suping Zhang, Xiaoying Lin, Jing Yang, Zhihong Ren, Jianguo Xu
Summary: B. vulgatus Bv46 can significantly alleviate DSS-induced colitis symptoms, modify the gut microbiota community, reduce the expression levels of inflammatory factors, and increase the content of fecal SCFAs, especially butyric acid and propionic acid, showing promising potential for colitis prevention.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Meng-Meng Niu, Huan-Xin Guo, Jun-Wu Cai, Bo-Fan Duan, Yu-Han Chen, Xiang-Chen Meng
Summary: This study found that an exopolysaccharide (BBE) from Bifidobacterium breve could restore intestinal injury caused by colitis by increasing the survival ability of intestinal epithelial cells. BBE also inhibited oxidative protein expression, restored abnormal inflammatory factor production, and replenished short-chain fatty acids. Moreover, BBE regulated the imbalance of intestinal flora. Therefore, BBE has the potential to be used as an anti-inflammatory substance.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marijke M. Faas, Yuanrui Liu, Lieske Wekema, Gisela A. Weiss, Carolien A. van Loo-Bouwman, Luis Silva Lagos
Summary: This study found that inducing gut dysbiosis during pregnancy by antibiotic treatment alters the maternal immune response, which may affect fetal and placental weight.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Meiling Liu, Qingyi Li, Na Wang, Yuye Liu, Lili Wang, Jiurui Wang, Mengjun Liu, Zhihui Zhao
Summary: This study found that acetylated jujube polysaccharide (Ac-JP) enhanced the immune response and altered the composition of intestinal microbiota in immunosuppressed mice. These results suggest that Ac-JP has the potential to be a promising immunomodulator.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Magdalena Druszczynska, Magdalena Godkowicz, Jakub Kulesza, Sebastian Wawrocki, Marek Fol
Summary: Cytokine receptors play a critical role in regulating immune response against mycobacteria by recognizing and binding specific cytokines and activating intracellular signaling pathways. Mutations in cytokine receptor genes may lead to increased susceptibility to mycobacteria and impaired immune surveillance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Madjid Djouina, Cecile Vignal, Alexandre Dehaut, Segolene Caboche, Nell Hirt, Christophe Waxin, Charlotte Himber, Delphine Beury, David Hot, Laurent Dubuquoy, David Launay, Guillaume Duflos, Mathilde Body-Malapel
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of intestinal exposure to polyethylene (PE) microplastics on gut homeostasis. Mice were orally exposed to PE microbeads of two different sizes, and it was found that ingestion of PE microbeads led to intestinal disturbances and significant alterations of crucial intestinal markers. This highlights the need for further research on the health impact of microplastic exposure in humans.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hui Wang, Xinyuan Zhang, Xinfang Kou, Zhengyuan Zhai, Yanling Hao
Summary: This study found that the EPS-producing strain Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum Bi-OTA128 has significant anti-inflammatory effects on DSS-induced colitis. It improves colitis symptoms, maintains intestinal barrier integrity, reduces oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, and regulates gut dysbiosis.
Article
Immunology
Yunping Tang, Qiuyan Pu, Qiaoling Zhao, Yafeng Zhou, Xiaoxia Jiang, Tao Han
Summary: The study found that Laminaria japonica fucoidan (LF) can enhance immunity and regulate the composition of intestinal microflora in mice.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Meng-Meng Niu, Huan-Xin Guo, Jun-Wu Cai, Xiang-Chen Meng
Summary: This study explores the intestinal barrier repair mechanisms of Bifidobacterium breve (B. breve) strains H4-2 and H9-3 with different exopolysaccharide (EPS) production in mice with colitis. The results demonstrate that both strains of B. breve can regulate cytokine levels and repair intestinal damage caused by colitis. H4-2, with higher EPS output, is more effective at repair than H9-3. These findings are important for clinical applications and the development of probiotic products for colitis treatment.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xiaolan Chen, Bingyan Cai, Jing Wang, Zhicun Sheng, Haifeng Yang, Dada Wang, Jiahao Chen, Qingqing Ning
Summary: Mulberry leaf polysaccharide (MLP) can restore immune function and alleviate inflammatory response by impacting the distribution and characteristics of the gut microbiota, as well as protecting the liver from oxidative damage.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qi'an Wang, Bensheng Jiang, Min Wei, Yao He, Yujie Wang, Qimeng Zhang, Hua Wei, Xueying Tao
Summary: Exopolysaccharide (EPS-09) from L. plantarum WLPL09 was found to have antitumor effects in B16F10 melanoma bearing mice. It inhibited tumor growth, promoted lymphocyte proliferation, increased the number of T cells and cytokine content in tumor tissue. EPS-09 also regulated the composition of intestinal microbiota. These findings suggest that EPS-09 induces tumor cell apoptosis, inhibits tumor angiogenesis, improves immunity, and exhibits positive antitumor activity against melanoma.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2024)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Salila Pradhan, Pratikshya Ray, Palok Aich
Summary: The study investigated the effects of cecal microbiota transplantation (CMT) from younger to older mice and found that the CMT recipient mice showed altered expressions of immune and tight junction protein genes. The results also indicated that mice who received CMT showed more efficient restoration of gut microbiota. Additionally, CMT alleviated Salmonella infection and promoted the recovery of the cecal index in mice following antibiotics treatment.
Review
Immunology
Carmine Petruzziello, Angela Saviano, Veronica Ojetti
Summary: Acute appendicitis is a common reason for admission to the Emergency Department (ED), affecting a large portion of the population. Traditionally, surgical appendectomy has been the main treatment option, but recent studies have explored the use of probiotics as an adjunctive therapy for uncomplicated cases. This review aims to summarize the findings of clinical studies on probiotics in acute appendicitis and discuss the limitations and future directions of this research.
Article
Microbiology
Sandra Wydau-Dematteis, Johanne Delannoy, Anne-Claire Teolis, Agnes Giuseppi, Florence Campeotto, Alexandre Lapillonne, Marie-Jose Butel, Julio Aires
Summary: The study investigates the dynamics of bifidobacterial population in the gut of preterm neonates at species and strain levels, showing variation within an individual and clone-related strains between twins.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Teresa D. Rebaza-Cardenas, Kenneth Silva-Cajaleon, Carlos Sabater, Susana Delgado, Nilda D. Montes-Villanueva, Patricia Ruas-Madiedo
Summary: In this study, lactic acid bacteria were isolated and identified from two traditional Peruvian beverages. The strain Lac. plantarum Ch13 showed potential as a probiotic candidate with better resistance to gastrointestinal conditions and higher adhesion ability compared to a commercial probiotic strain.
PROBIOTICS AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROTEINS
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Gabriel D. Saez, Carlos Sabater, Agustina Fara, Gabriela Zarate
Summary: This study aims to improve the nutri-functional quality of chickpea flour through fermentation with selected lactic acid bacteria. The results show that fermentation with LAB significantly increased LAB population, acidity, total phenolic contents, and removed antinutritional factors. Fermented doughs were used to make crackers with higher TPC and antioxidant activity. Fermentation is a better method than other processing methods for enhancing the properties of chickpea flour.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Felipe Gonzalez-Gonzalez, Susana Delgado, Lorena Ruiz, Abelardo Margolles, Patricia Ruas-Madiedo
Summary: Fermentation has traditionally been used for food preservation, but modern industrial processes aim to improve the functional characteristics of the final product. Starter cultures, adjunct cultures, and probiotics play essential roles in achieving high-quality foods with improved nutritional and health-promoting properties. This review focuses on the functional characteristics of these cultures, including their synthesis of metabolites for preservation and safety, their impact on organoleptic properties, and their contributions to nutrition and health improvement.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Raquel Marcos-Fernandez, Borja Sanchez, Lorena Ruiz, Abelardo Margolles
Summary: Flow cytometry is a powerful tool for analyzing cell populations, and in recent years, it has emerged as an important technique in microbiology for studying microbes and their interactions with host cells.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Cristina Jimenez-Arroyo, Alba Tamargo, Natalia Molinero, M. Victoria Moreno-Arribas
Summary: Plastic debris has a global impact on the environment, plants, animals, and human health, with a particular focus on micro(nano)plastics (MNPs). MNPs are frequently found in the food chain, leading to increased human intake. They have been detected in various types of consumed foods, drinking water, and human feces. The gastrointestinal tract, especially the gut, constantly interacts with MNPs as oral ingestion becomes the main source of exposure. Although the consequences of human exposure to MNPs remain unclear, studies have shown that MNPs of different types and sizes can affect gut intestinal bacteria, leading to dysbiosis, frequent pathogen outbreaks, and metabolic disorders. Furthermore, the presence of micro- and nano-plastic particles in animal tissues raises the question of whether human gut bacteria play a role in the bio-transformation of ingested MNPs. This article discusses these issues and reveals the complex interplay between MNPs and the human gut microbiome, highlighting the need for further research on the biological consequences of this interaction.
MICROBIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Raquel Marcos-Fernandez, Sabino Riestra, Rebeca Alonso-Arias, Lorena Ruiz, Borja Sanchez, Abelardo Margolles
Summary: This study developed a strategy to modify the relative abundance of F. prausnitzii in fecal microbiotas and assessed its contribution to the immunomodulatory effect of intestinal microbiotas using a PBMC model. The results showed that reduction in the abundance of F. prausnitzii is related to several human disorders.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Pilar Lumbreras-Iglesias, Carlos Sabater, Ainhoa Fernandez Moreno, Paula Lopez de Ugarriza, Ana Fernandez-Verdugo, Abelardo Margolles, Maria Rosario Rodicio, Teresa Bernal, Javier Fernandez
Summary: Patients diagnosed with acute leukemia often have a weakened immune system, making infections a major concern. This study used shotgun metagenomics to screen the gut of recovered leukemia patients for ESBL- and/or carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales. The results showed no presence of these bacteria, indicating successful decolonization and positive implications for future clinical management. Further studies are needed to validate the utility of metagenomics in routine screening of multidrug-resistant bacteria in onco-hematological patients.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ines Calvete-Torre, Carlos Sabater, Susana Delgado, Patricia Ruas-Madiedo, Alicia Ruperez-Garcia, Antonia Montilla, F. Javier Moreno, Abelardo Margolles, Lorena Ruiz
Summary: Arabinoxylan (AX) and arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) are prebiotics that promote beneficial species in the human gut, such as bifidobacteria. Bifidobacterium longum and B. longum subsp. longum have the highest capability to metabolize complex AX substrates, while B. longum subsp. infantis also possesses some machinery related to AXOS metabolization. A differential carbohydrate free medium (CFM) supplemented with AX and AXOS was developed to selectively isolate novel probiotic bifidobacteria that can metabolize structurally complex AX-derived prebiotics.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jose D. D. Puentes-Pardo, Sara Moreno-SanJuan, Jorge Casado, Julia Escudero-Feliu, David Lopez-Perez, Paula Sanchez-Uceta, Paula Gonzalez-Novoa, Julio Galvez, Angel Carazo, Josefa Leon
Summary: Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is involved in various physiological processes. Elevated PARP-1 expression is found in several tumors, associated with stemness and tumorigenesis. In colorectal cancer patients, PARP-1 expression correlated with differentiation grade, with a significant association only in tumors with wild-type p53. Additionally, PARP-1 and cancer stem cell markers were positively correlated in these tumors. In vitro studies showed that PARP-1 regulates cancer stem cell phenotype depending on p53 status, with overexpression increasing marker expression and sphere forming ability in wild-type p53 cells, while reducing these features in mutated p53 cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Natalia Molinero, Alejandro Anton-Fernandez, Falix Hernandez, Jesus Avila, Begona Bartolome, M. Victoria Moreno-Arribas
Summary: Gut microbiota is a diverse population of microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract that influences host health and disease. Age is a conditioning factor for the vitality of the gut microbiota, and aging is a primary risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD). This paper summarizes the emerging evidence on the link between the oral and gut microbiome and neurodegeneration, with a focus on AD.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Enrique Guillamon, Nuria Mut-Salud, Maria Jesus Rodriguez-Sojo, Antonio Jesus Ruiz-Malagon, Antonio Cuberos-Escobar, Antonio Martinez-Ferez, Alba Rodriguez-Nogales, Julio Galvez, Alberto Banos
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects of onion-derived metabolites PTS and PTSO on various human tumor lines. These compounds have the ability to induce apoptosis and reduce the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, suggesting their promising role in cancer prevention and/or treatment.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jorge Garcia-Garcia, Patricia Diez-Echave, Maria Eugenia Yuste, Natalia Chueca, Federico Garcia, Jose Cabeza-Barrera, Emilio Fernandez-Varon, Julio Galvez, Manuel Colmenero, Maria Elena Rodriguez-Cabezas, Alba Rodriguez-Nogales, Rocio Moron
Summary: The number of ICU patients and antibiotic treatments has increased due to SARS-CoV-2 infection, leading to a rise in multi-drug resistant bacteria (MDRB) colonization. As these bacteria mainly come from gut microbiota, studying its composition is crucial. This pilot study aims to identify bacteria biomarkers for predicting MDRB colonization risk in SARS-CoV-2 patients in ICUs.