Article
Environmental Sciences
Yun-Chung Hsiao, Chih-Wei Liu, Carole Robinette, Noelle Knight, Kun Lu, Meghan E. Rebuli
Summary: This study developed a high resolution LC-MS untargeted method to analyze non-invasively collected nasal epithelial lining fluid (NELF). Baseline profiling of 27 samples detected 2002 unknown molecules, including environmental pollutants and endogenous metabolites. The analytical pipeline has high potential for future respiratory health studies.
JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Akash Gupta, Janette K. Burgess, Dirk-Jan Slebos, Simon D. Pouwels
Summary: In this study, a cellulose matrix was used as an absorptive probe for bronchial epithelial lining fluid (bELF) sampling. The absorption and elution capacity of the matrix were validated, and the design of the sampling device was optimized. The bELF probe detected higher concentrations of inflammatory proteins compared to bronchial wash samples, indicating its effectiveness for high-precision bELF sampling.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yanping Xu, Yeqing Huang, Zhen Shen, Liping Shi
Summary: In this study, the nasal swabs microbiome of premature infants with BPD were characterized and compared to a control group. The expression of Prevotella was increased and Caulobacter was decreased in the BPD group, and both were correlated with the severity of BPD. Additionally, microbial functional prediction analysis revealed distinct changes in ABC-type transports in the BPD group.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Allergy
Christian Rosas-Salazar, Zheng-Zheng Tang, Meghan H. Shilts, Kedir N. Turi, Qilin Hong, Derek A. Wiggins, Christian E. Lynch, Tebeb Gebretsadik, James D. Chappell, R. Stokes Peebles, Larry J. Anderson, Suman R. Das, Tina Hartert
Summary: The study found that the upper respiratory tract (URT) microbiome during RSV ARI in infancy is associated with the acute local immune response, disease severity, and number of wheezing episodes in the fourth year of life. The diversity of the URT microbiome is related to the course of RSV ARI, and there are complex interactions between the URT microbiome and the immune system.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Ryan C. Murphy, Ying Lai, Matthew Liu, Taha Al-Shaikhly, Matthew C. Altman, William A. Altemeier, Charles W. Frevert, Jason S. Debley, Adrian M. Piliponsky, Steven F. Ziegler, Sina A. Gharib, Teal S. Hallstrand
Summary: This study identified differentially expressed genes associated with exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in individuals with asthma using RNA-sequencing analysis. Experiments suggested that the interactions between airway epithelial cells, mast cells, and eosinophils are closely associated with indirect airway hyperresponsiveness and play a critical role in modulating airway inflammation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jia Yao Phuah, Brian M. Maas, Aimin Tang, Ying Zhang, Luzelena Caro, Radha A. Railkar, Michael D. Swanson, Yu Cao, Hankun Li, Brad Roadcap, Andrew P. Catchpole, Antonios O. Aliprantis, Kalpit A. Vora
Summary: The study found that Clesrovimab has a strong ability to penetrate into the nasal epithelial lining fluid and has higher RSV neutralization activity, which may provide better protection against RSV infection in infants.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Virology
Tony J. F. Guo, Gurpreet K. Singhera, Janice M. Leung, Delbert R. Dorscheid
Summary: The airway epithelium plays a crucial role in the defense and immune response of the lungs against COVID-19. Severe COVID-19 is characterized by an excessive inflammatory response, which can lead to lung injury and organ failure. The immune response of the airway epithelium to SARS-CoV-2 infection may contribute to the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19. This article reviews the barrier and immune functions of the airway epithelium, the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and the epithelium, and the role of epithelial-derived cytokines and chemokines in COVID-19 as well as their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Seong Gyu Lee, Sang-Nam Lee, Junki Baek, Joo-Heon Yoon, Hyungsuk Lee
Summary: The study revealed that compressive stress increased the oscillation speed of cilia in human nasal epithelial cells, leading to enhanced ciliary beating frequency and mucociliary transportability. The reorganization of the cytoskeleton in response to compressive stress plays a role in increasing ciliary beating speed to prevent mucus stagnation in the early stage of airway obstruction.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Conglin Liu, Heidi Makrinioti, Sejal Saglani, Michael Bowman, Lih-Ling Lin, Carlos A. Camargo Jr, Kohei Hasegawa, Zhaozhong Zhu
Summary: Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease with risk factors that emerge during early childhood. Environmental factors and genetic predisposition shape the lung and gut microbiome in early life. Microbial dysbiosis and reduced microbial diversity are associated with asthma development through activation and dysregulation of inflammatory pathways and impact on immune development. This review focuses on the interplay between airway and gut microbial dysbiosis, environmental exposures, host metabolic and immune responses in driving childhood asthma development.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ashmi Mishra, Steven Lelieveld, Ulrich Poeschl, Thomas Berkemeier
Summary: Exposure to ambient air pollution can lead to oxidative stress and damage in the respiratory tract. This study investigates the chemical modification of proteins by reactive species from air pollution and biological sources. Fine particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide synergistically increase the formation of a biomarker of oxidative stress, nitrotyrosine. Ozone affects the antioxidant defense system but does not significantly influence nitrotyrosine concentration.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Sonakshi Rastogi, Sneha Mohanty, Sapna Sharma, Prabhanshu Tripathi
Summary: This review summarizes the recent progress in understanding the effects of dietary metabolites, particularly short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), on the gut-lung axis and its impact on lung health. The role of the gut-lung axis in SARS-CoV-2 mediated inflammation is also highlighted. By analyzing global research progress and knowledge gaps, the study predicts future research directions.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Steven Lelieveld, Jake Wilson, Eleni Dovrou, Ashmi Mishra, Pascale S. J. Lakey, Manabu Shiraiwa, Ulrich Poeschl, Thomas Berkemeier
Summary: Air pollutants such as aerosols and ozone can cause the generation of reactive oxygen species in the human respiratory tract, leading to oxidative stress and adverse health effects.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Andrew R. Connelly, Brian M. Jeong, Mackenzie E. Coden, Jacob Y. Cao, Tatiana Chirkova, Christian Rosas-Salazar, Jacqueline-Yvonne Cephus, Larry J. Anderson, Dawn C. Newcomb, Tina Hartert, Sergejs Berdnikovs
Summary: The study found that RSV infection in infancy leads to lasting metabolic reprogramming of airway epithelial cells, characterized by significant increase in glucose uptake and altered preferences for metabolism of several carbon and energy sources, with male epithelium showing the most pronounced changes.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Natsumi Saito, Akiko Kikuchi, Mutsuo Yamaya, Xue Deng, Mitsuru Sugawara, Shin Takayama, Ryoichi Nagatomi, Tadashi Ishii
Summary: Kakkonto extract can reduce the production of specific pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to rhinovirus (RV) infection, suggesting its potential as an effective therapy to inhibit inflammation caused by RV and subsequent airway inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Keith A. Rodvold, Justin Bader, Jon B. Bruss, Kamal Hamed
Summary: SPR206, a next-generation polymyxin, shows promise for treating multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative infections. A Phase 1 bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) study was conducted to evaluate SPR206's safety and pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers. The study demonstrates the pulmonary penetration of SPR206 and supports its further development for the treatment of serious infections caused by MDR Gram-negative pathogens.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Meghan H. Shilts, Christian Rosas-Salazar, Kedir N. Turi, Devi Rajan, Seesandra V. Rajagopala, Megan F. Patterson, Tebeb Gebretsadik, Larry J. Anderson, R. Stokes Peebles, Tina V. Hartert, Suman R. Das
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Samadhan J. Jadhao, Binh Ha, Courtney McCracken, Tebeb Gebretsadik, Christian Rosas-Salazar, James Chappell, Suman Das, Tina Hartert, Larry J. Anderson
Summary: RSV infection plays a major role in respiratory tract diseases in infants and throughout life. The RSV antibody enzyme-linked immunoassay is sensitive for detecting infant infection, and the two G EIAs can indicate the group of an earlier primary infection.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Rachel Bernard, Irtiqa Fazili, Seesandra V. Rajagopala, Suman R. Das, Girish Hiremath
Summary: Further research is necessary to uncover the mechanisms by which the oral microbiome impacts the development and progression of esophageal diseases, as well as to explore if changes in the oral microbiome can influence the natural course of different esophageal conditions.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Allergy
Christian Rosas-Salazar, Zheng-Zheng Tang, Meghan H. Shilts, Kedir N. Turi, Qilin Hong, Derek A. Wiggins, Christian E. Lynch, Tebeb Gebretsadik, James D. Chappell, R. Stokes Peebles, Larry J. Anderson, Suman R. Das, Tina Hartert
Summary: The study found that the upper respiratory tract (URT) microbiome during RSV ARI in infancy is associated with the acute local immune response, disease severity, and number of wheezing episodes in the fourth year of life. The diversity of the URT microbiome is related to the course of RSV ARI, and there are complex interactions between the URT microbiome and the immune system.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Charles R. Esther, Kyle S. Kimura, Yu Mikami, Caitlin E. Edwards, Suman R. Das, Michael H. Freeman, Britton A. Strickland, Hunter M. Brown, Bronson C. Wessinger, Veerain C. Gupta, Kate Von Wahlde, Quanhu Sheng, Li Ching Huang, Daniel R. Bacon, Adam J. Kimple, Agathe S. Ceppe, Takafumi Kato, Raymond J. Pickles, Scott H. Randell, Ralph S. Baric, Justin H. Turner, Richard C. Boucher
Summary: This study assessed the efficacy of a detergent-based virucidal agent in SARS-CoV-2-infected subjects and found that it had no impact on viral load or symptom scores in the clinical trial. Complementary in vitro studies confirmed this lack of efficacy, indicating a failure in drug absorption.
INTERNATIONAL FORUM OF ALLERGY & RHINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Meghan H. Shilts, Christian Rosas-Salazar, Britton A. Strickland, Kyle S. Kimura, Mohammad Asad, Esha Sehanobish, Michael H. Freeman, Bronson C. Wessinger, Veerain Gupta, Hunter M. Brown, Helen H. Boone, Viraj Patel, Mali Barbi, Danielle Bottalico, Meaghan O'Neill, Nadeem Akbar, Seesandra V. Rajagopala, Simon Mallal, Elizabeth Phillips, Justin H. Turner, Elina Jerschow, Suman R. Das
Summary: This study aims to investigate the association between COVID-19 severity and the upper respiratory tract microbiome. The study found that as the severity of COVID-19 increased, the bacterial load, bacterial richness, and within-group microbiome composition dissimilarity in the upper respiratory tract also increased, while the relative abundance of a specific amplicon sequence variant decreased.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jesse O. Wrenn, Suman B. Pakala, Grant Vestal, Meghan H. Shilts, Hunter M. Brown, Sara M. Bowen, Britton A. Strickland, Timothy Williams, Simon A. Mallal, Ian D. Jones, Jonathan E. Schmitz, Wesley H. Self, Suman R. Das
Summary: The clinical outcomes of infections caused by the Omicron variant were compared to those caused by the Delta variant. It was found that infections caused by the Omicron variant were less severe, with significantly lower morbidity and mortality rates, compared to those caused by the Delta variant.
INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES
(2022)
Article
Allergy
Christian Rosas-Salazar, Meghan H. Shilts, Zheng-Zheng Tang, Qilin Hong, Kedir N. Turi, Brittney M. Snyder, Derek A. Wiggins, Christian E. Lynch, Tebeb Gebretsadik, R. Stokes Peebles, Larry J. Anderson, Suman R. Das, Tina V. Hartert
Summary: Exclusive breast-feeding has a protective causal role in reducing the risk of lower respiratory tract infections, asthma, and allergic rhinitis in childhood. This association may be mediated through its impact on the early-life upper respiratory tract and gut microbiome, as well as the immune response in infancy.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Mallory G. McKeon, Jean-Nicolas Gallant, Young J. Kim, Suman R. Das
Summary: Certain viruses, such as human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), are associated with the development of head and neck cancer. This study reviews the mechanisms by which these viruses cause cellular transformation and chronic inflammation, and examines the interplay between viruses, cellular transformation, inflammation, and the local host microbiome in head and neck cancer.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Akihiro Nakajima, Satoru Mitomo, Haruhito Yuki, Makoto Araki, Lena Marie Seegers, Iris McNulty, Hang Lee, David Kuter, Midori Ishibashi, Kazuna Kobayashi, Jouke Dijkstra, Hirokazu Onishi, Hiroto Yabushita, Satoshi Matsuoka, Hiroyoshi Kawamoto, Yusuke Watanabe, Kentaro Tanaka, Shengpu Chou, Toru Naganuma, Masaaki Okutsu, Satoko Tahara, Naoyuki Kurita, Shotaro Nakamura, Suman Das, Sunao Nakamura, Ik-Kyung Jang
Summary: This study identified gut bacteria associated with vulnerable coronary plaque and greater plaque burden, which were also associated with elevated inflammatory or prothrombotic biomarkers.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Virology
Stephanie Goya, Maria Florencia Lucion, Meghan H. Shilts, Maria del Valle Juarez, Angela Gentile, Alicia S. Mistchenko, Mariana Viegas, Suman R. Das
Summary: Globally, the human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in children. This study sequenced the complete genomes of RSV from pediatric patients in Buenos Aires and found that RSV-B was dominant from 2014 to 2016 before being abruptly replaced by RSV-A in 2017. The decrease in RSV genomic diversity observed in Buenos Aires in 2016 may have allowed the RSV-A predominance switch in 2017.