Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Sipei Zhao, Xiaojun Qiu, Ian Burnett, Malcolm Rigby, Anthony Lele
Summary: This study investigates the sound generation in Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) and proposes a lumped-parameter model to predict the sound signals. The research finds that the sound generation is related to the energy release during the arc re-ignition process.
MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Scott Monismith, Jianmin Qu, Remi Dingreville
Summary: In this paper, phase-field simulations are used to investigate fracture and short circuit issues in the Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) solid electrolyte. The study reveals that in the presence of a single crack, the crack propagation threshold exhibits inverse square root scaling with respect to crack length, while the short-circuit potential scales linearly with crack length. For multiple cracks, failure follows the Weibull model, and higher crack density favors failure at lower overpotentials. Additionally, the use of flawless interfacial buffers mitigates failure and allows for larger sustained currents without reaching unstable overpotentials.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiao Guo, Zhiyong Wu, Hai He, Zhengguang Xu
Summary: This study evaluates the potential of different evapotranspiration (ET) datasets in calibrating distributed hydrological model parameters. The results show that the parameters calibrated using all selected ET datasets produced satisfactory results in streamflow simulations, with the scheme calibrated using the temporal dynamics of ET at the grid scale providing better results than the scheme calibrated using the spatial patterns of ET at the basin scale. The study also suggests a high potential for selected ET datasets to improve soil moisture simulations, with the EB-ET and PML datasets providing the best performance in streamflow simulation.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Qing-Hong Cao, Kun Cheng, Changlong Xu
Summary: Using a geometric description of 2HDM, the CP-odd invariants are classified into three independent sectors: scalar potential, Yukawa interaction, and CKM matrix. We calculate the effective thermal potential of 2HDM in a basis invariant way and show that the CP phases in the CKM matrix cannot leak to the effective potential at all orders. In the 2HDM with a softly broken Z2 symmetry, the leading thermal correction to the effective potential tends to restore the CP symmetry at high temperatures.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mingyang Teng, Jiashen Li, Shuailong Lian, Jing Bi, Chaolin Wang
Summary: This study investigated the failure characteristics of self-made rock with internal flaws under shear and conducted a numerical simulation analysis. The results showed that the generation mode of microcracks varied based on the type of shear, and the failure mode was different under different shear conditions.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Hugo Hultman, Stefan Cedergren, Kristina Warmefjord, Rikard Soderberg
Summary: The aerospace industry is facing increasing demands on performance and reliability, particularly in engine development. This paper proposes an approach based on the Digital Twin paradigm to improve geometrical quality in welding processes using a novel SCV method and 3D scanning data. The results show promising potential for accurate and fast welding simulation.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shuxing Xu, Guanlin Liu, Jinbiao Wang, Honggui Wen, Sheng Cao, Huilu Yao, Lingyu Wan, Zhong Lin Wang
Summary: This study reveals the interactions between floating TENGs and water waves, and through experimental data and dynamic calculations, regularities in water-structure interactions associated with TENGs are uncovered, providing guidance for the design of future floating TENGs.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Jian-Nan Chen, Jun-Jie Zhang
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of geometrical parameters, specifically the radius and height of a cylinder, on the SGEMP response using a homemade PIC code. The results show that the electric field increases with radius but decreases with height. The study also identifies the field-height-radius relation and proposes a fitting law to describe it.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Kun Meng, Chunyi Cui, Peng Zhang, Benlong Wang, Hailong Liu, Kunpeng Wang
Summary: A rigorous analytical model for partially embedded large-diameter floating pile (PLFP) is developed based on a three-dimensional continuum pile and soil model. Analytical solutions to the dynamic response of PLFP are obtained using Fourier transformation and variable separation, which are verified by comparing with existing solutions and experimental data. Parameter analyses of dynamic impedance and velocity response are conducted, providing insights into the behavior of PLFP.
SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Thermodynamics
Jie Yang, Shichang Xu, Chuanbao Jia, Yanfei Han, Sergii Maksymov, Chuansong Wu
Summary: In this paper, a non-axisymmetric three-dimensional numerical model was developed to simulate the typical globular repelled transfer process with large droplets in underwater wet flux-cored wire arc welding. The results showed that the droplet movement was affected by multiple forces, including gravity, surface tension, self-induced electromagnetic force, gas flow, and force from metal evaporation. The simulated values from the numerical model were in good agreement with the experimental ones.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Zhaoyang Yu, Ke Yang, Zhichao Hu, Baoliang Peng, Fengwei Gu, Ling Yang, Mingjin Yang
Summary: A floating root cutting mechanism was developed to improve the efficiency and quality of garlic harvesting. Mechanical and mathematical models were used to analyze the forces on the bulb and root, and optimize the parameters of the cutting mechanism. A simulation model and experimental system were used to verify the performance of the cutting mechanism. The study provided valuable references for the design and optimization of garlic harvesters.
COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Ocean
Xu Xiang
Summary: Extensive hydrodynamic and hydro-elastic tests have been conducted for a long floating bridge project, providing validation for numerical analysis, studying hydrodynamics phenomena, and verifying the design under controlled environmental loads. The tests also explored the interaction between wave-current-structure and pontoon hydrodynamics. Correlation between test results and numerical analysis was an important part of the study. The tests have validated analysis methods, enhanced the bridge concept's structural reliability, and informed the next phase of design.
APPLIED OCEAN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ciprian G. Pruteanu, John S. Loveday, Graeme J. Ackland, John E. Proctor
Summary: In this study, a series of neutron scattering experiments were conducted on supercritical krypton, aiming to investigate the Frenkel line crossover in this model monatomic fluid. Through analyzing the experimental data using Empirical Potential Structure Refinement, the short- and medium-range structures of the fluid were determined. The results show the presence of several layers of neighbors surrounding each atom, forming approximately concentric rings of density, with the ratio of second to first shell radius significantly larger than in any crystal structure. The use of Lennard-Jones potential to model krypton was found to have significant errors, indicating the overstructuring of the liquid. The true potential appears to have a longer range and softer core than the 6-12 powerlaws permit.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
N. N. Peng, W. K. Lau, O. W. H. Wai, K. W. Chow
Summary: The interactions between surface gravity waves and a floating rigid body, such as a floating breakwater, are complicated, and studying these phenomena is of great importance for improving offshore structure safety and efficiency. In this study, the wave attenuation performance and motions of a floating breakwater were studied using numerical and experimental methods. The results showed that the transmission and reflection coefficients, energy dissipation rate, and maximum mooring force were influenced by the ratio of breakwater width to wavelength and wave steepness.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Dan Zhang, Jin Zhang, Shuchen Yang, Guoyou Shao, Zhongqiu Liu
Summary: This study investigates the effect of SiO2 level in agglomerated fluxes on the element transfer behavior and proposes a thermodynamic method to predict flux O potential and weld metal composition. It provides insights into the gas-slag-metal equilibrium and reveals the limitations of the existing basicity index model for flux O potential prediction.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Sicheng Jiao, Shixiang Wang, Minge Gao, Min Xu
Summary: This paper presents a non-contact method of thickness measurement for thin-walled rotary shell parts based on a chromatic confocal sensor. The method involves using a flip method to obtain surface profiles from both sides of the workpiece, measuring the decentration and tilt errors of the workpiece using a centering system, establishing a unified reference coordinate system, reconstructing the external and internal surface profiles, and calculating the thickness. Experimental results show that the method can accurately measure the thickness of a sapphire spherical shell workpiece and is consistent with measurements of other materials.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Rajeev Kumar, Sajal Agarwal, Sarika Pal, Alka Verma, Yogendra Kumar Prajapati
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of a CaF2-Ag-MXene-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor at different wavelengths. The results showed that the sensor achieved the maximum sensitivity at a wavelength of 532 nm, and higher sensitivities were obtained at shorter wavelengths at the expense of detection accuracy.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Attilio Di Nisio, Gregorio Andria, Francesco Adamo, Daniel Lotano, Filippo Attivissimo
Summary: Capacitive sensing is a widely used technique for a variety of applications, including avionics. However, current industry standard Capacitive Level Sensors (CLSs) used in helicopters perform poorly in terms of sensitivity and dynamic characteristics. In this study, novel geometries were explored and three prototypes were built and tested. Experimental validation showed that the new design featuring a helicoidal slit along the external electrode of the cylindrical probe improved sensitivity, response time, and linearity.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Kai Yang, Huiqin Wang, Ke Wang, Fengchen Chen
Summary: This paper proposes an effective measurement method for dynamic compaction construction based on time series model, which enables real-time monitoring and measurement of anomalies and important construction parameters through simulating motion state transformation and running time estimation.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Hui Fu, Qinghua Song, Jixiang Gong, Liping Jiang, Zhanqiang Liu, Qiang Luan, Hongsheng Wang
Summary: An automatic detection and pixel-level quantification model based on joint Mask R-CNN and TransUNet is developed to accurately evaluate microcrack damage on the grinding surfaces of engineering ceramics. The model is effectively trained on actual micrograph image dataset using a joint training strategy. The proposed model achieves reliable automatic detection and fine segmentation of microcracks, and a skeleton-based quantification model is also proposed to provide comprehensive and precise measurements of microcrack size.
Review
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Sang Yeob Kim, Da Yun Kwon, Arum Jang, Young K. Ju, Jong-Sub Lee, Seungkwan Hong
Summary: This paper reviews the categorization and applications of UAV sensors in forensic engineering, with a focus on geotechnical, structural, and water infrastructure fields. It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of sensors with different wavelengths and addresses the challenges of current UAV technology and recommendations for further research in forensic engineering.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Anton Nunez-Seoane, Joaquin Martinez-Sanchez, Erik Rua, Pedro Arias
Summary: This article compares the use of Mobile Laser Scanners (MLS) and Aerial Laser Scanners (ALS) for digitizing the road environment and detecting road slopes. The study found that ALS data and its corresponding algorithm achieved better detection and delimitation results compared to MLS. Measuring the road from a terrestrial perspective negatively impacted the detection process, while an aerial perspective allowed for scanning of the entire slope structure.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Nur Luqman Saleh, Aduwati Sali, Raja Syamsul Azmir Raja Abdullah, Sharifah M. Syed Ahmad, Jiun Terng Liew, Fazirulhisyam Hashim, Fairuz Abdullah, Nur Emileen Abdul Rashid
Summary: This study introduces an enhanced signal processing scheme for detecting mouth-click signals used by blind individuals. By utilizing additional band-pass filtering and other steps, the detection accuracy is improved. Experimental results using artificial signal data showed a 100% success rate in detecting obstacles. The emerging concepts in this research are expected to benefit radar and sonar system applications.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jiqiang Tang, Shengjie Qiu, Lu Zhang, Jinji Sun, Xinxiu Zhou
Summary: This paper studies the magnetic noise level of a compact high-performance magnetically shielded room (MSR) under different operational conditions and establishes a quantitative model for magnetic noise calculation. Verification experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Review
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Krzysztof Bartnik, Marcin Koba, Mateusz Smietana
Summary: The demand for miniaturized sensors in the biomedical industry is increasing, and optical fiber sensors (OFSs) are gaining popularity due to their small size, flexibility, and biocompatibility. This study reviews various OFS designs tested in vivo and identifies future perspectives and challenges for OFS technology development from a user perspective.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Yue Wang, Lei Zhou, Zihao Li, Jun Wang, Xuangou Wu, Xiangjun Wang, Lei Hu
Summary: This paper presents a 3-D reconstruction method for dynamic stereo vision of metal surface based on line structured light, overcoming the limitation of the measurement range of static stereo vision. The proposed method uses joint calibration and global optimization to accurately reconstruct the 3-D coordinates of the line structured light fringe, improving the reconstruction accuracy.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jaafar Alsalaet
Summary: Order tracking analysis is an effective tool for machinery fault diagnosis and operational modal analysis. This study presents a new formulation for the data equation of the second-generation Vold-Kalman filter, using separated cosine and sine kernels to minimize error and provide smoother envelopes. The proposed method achieves high accuracy even with small weighting factors.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Tonglei Cao, Kechen Song, Likun Xu, Hu Feng, Yunhui Yan, Jingbo Guo
Summary: This study constructs a high-resolution dataset for surface defects in ceramic tiles and addresses the scale and quantity differences in defect distribution. An improved approach is proposed by introducing a content-aware feature recombination method and a dynamic attention mechanism. Experimental results demonstrate the superior accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Qinghong Fu, Yunxi Lou, Jianghui Deng, Xin Qiu, Xianhua Chen
Summary: Measurement and quantitative characterization of aging-induced gradient properties is crucial for accurate analysis and design of asphalt pavement. This research proposes the composite specimen method to obtain asphalt binders at different depths within the mixture and uses dynamic shear rheometer tests to measure aging-induced gradient properties and reveal internal mechanisms. G* master curves are constructed to investigate gradient aging effects in a wide range. The study finds that the composite specimen method can effectively restore the boundary conditions and that it is feasible to study gradient aging characteristics within the asphalt mixture. The study also observes variations in G* and delta values and the depth range of gradient aging effects for different aging levels.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Min Li, Kai Wei, Tianhe Xu, Yali Shi, Dixing Wang
Summary: Due to the limitations of ground monitoring stations in China for the BDS, the accuracy of BDS Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellite orbits can be influenced. To overcome this, low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites can be used as additional monitoring stations. In this study, data from two LEO satellites were collected to improve the precise orbit determination of the BDS. By comparing the results with GPS and BDS-2/3 solutions, it was found that including the LEO satellites significantly improved the accuracy of GPS and BDS-2/3 orbits.