Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Praveen Dilip Chatani, Sunita Kishore Agarwal, Samira Mercedes Sadowski
Summary: PNETs are classified based on histologic differentiation and proliferative indices, with advances in high-throughput techniques allowing researchers to explore genetic alterations associated with malignant transformation. Clinical aggressiveness stratifies along other genotypic and phenotypic demarcations, impacting the potential molecular signatures, associated trials, and differences in responses to therapies for PNETs.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiangdong Gongye, Ming Tian, Peng Xia, Chengmin Qu, Zhang Chen, Jigang Wang, Qian Zhu, Zhijie Li, Yufeng Yuan
Summary: Liquid biopsy is a rapidly growing research field known for its minimal invasiveness. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), as newly discovered active substance carriers, are expected to play a significant role in diagnostic technology. This article summarizes the recent developments in various omics analysis of EVs and explores their potential role in the early diagnosis of hepatobiliary and pancreatic tumors through multi-omics analysis.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Jose J. G. Marin, Maria J. Monte, Rocio I. R. Macias, Marta R. Romero, Elisa Herraez, Maitane Asensio, Sara Ortiz-Rivero, Candela Cives-Losada, Silvia Di Giacomo, Javier Gonzalez-Gallego, Jose L. Mauriz, Thomas Efferth, Oscar Briz
Summary: Hepatobiliary, pancreatic, and gastrointestinal cancers account for 36% of the approximately 10 million cancer-related deaths worldwide each year. One primary reason for this high mortality is the lack of response of these cancers to pharmacological treatment. More than 100 genes have been identified as responsible for seven mechanisms of chemoresistance, but only a few play a critical role, including ABC proteins (mainly MDR1, MRP1-6, and BCRP), whose expression pattern greatly determines individual tumor sensitivity to pharmacotherapy.
Article
Pathology
Sarah E. Umetsu, Sanjay Kakar, Olca Basturk, Grace E. Kim, Deyali Chatterjee, Kwun Wah Wen, Gillian Hale, Na fis Sha, Soo-Jin Cho, Julia Whitman, Ryan M. Gill, Kirk D. Jones, Pooja Navale, Emily Bergsland, David Klimstra, Nancy M. Joseph
Summary: Distinguishing between grade 3 pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (G3 PanNET) and neuroendocrine carcinoma (PanNEC) is a known diagnostic challenge. In this study, 47 high-grade neoplasms were reviewed, and molecular profiling was performed to improve diagnostic accuracy. The study found that molecular profiling and immunohistochemistry greatly improved the classification of high-grade pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms. Rating: 8/10.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Erika Said Abu Egal, Damian Jacenik, Heloisa Prado Soares, Ellen J. Beswick
Summary: Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors are rare pancreatic cancer formed from islet cells of pancreas. The clinical presentation depends on tumor progression and hormone secretion status, which pose challenges in diagnosis and treatment. Immunotherapy shows promise as a treatment option, although there are still challenges in preclinical and clinical studies.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-REVIEWS ON CANCER
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michele Bevere, Anastasios Gkountakos, Filippo Maria Martelli, Aldo Scarpa, Claudio Luchini, Michele Simbolo
Summary: Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PanNENs) are rare tumors originating from islets of the Langerhans in the pancreas. They can be classified into functioning and nonfunctioning PanNENs based on peptide hormone secretion. Surgery is currently the only curative treatment for PanNENs, despite advancements in therapeutic and molecular aspects. The development of high-throughput techniques has increased understanding of the molecular biology and potential vulnerabilities of PanNENs, but there is still limited knowledge about functioning PanNEN subgroups. Combining high-throughput platforms with new diagnostic tools may help characterize the differences among functioning PanNEN subgroups more efficiently.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ning Li, Xingqing Jia, Zhong Wang, Kaige Wang, Zumin Qu, Dong Chi, Zhubo Sun, Jian Jiang, Yougang Cui, Changmiao Wang
Summary: This study investigated the molecular characteristics and prognostic value of anoikis in pancreatic cancer and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Anoikis-related genes were identified, and a prognostic model based on these genes was constructed and validated. The findings provide new insights into the significance of anoikis in these cancers and contribute to the advancement of precision oncology.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Bor-Shiuan Shyr, Bor-Uei Shyr, Shih-Chin Chen, Yi-Ming Shyr, Shin -E Wang
Summary: This study aimed to assess the impact of tumor grading on prognosis and survival outcomes of patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (P-NETs). The results showed that tumor grade, sex, perineural invasion, tumor size, lymph node involvement, metastasis, and stage were all predictors of survival for P-NETs patients, with tumor grade being the most powerful independent prognostic factor.
ASIAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Chandra K. Maharjan, Po Hien Ear, Catherine G. Tran, James R. Howe, Chandrikha Chandrasekharan, Dawn E. Quelle
Summary: Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) are rare, slow-growing malignancies with incompletely understood molecular pathogenesis. Current therapies can effectively slow disease progression, but resistance often develops, highlighting the need for a better understanding of disease mechanisms to develop new treatments. Research efforts have identified potential therapeutic targets and expanded model systems for investigating pNETs, with advancements expected to improve patient treatments.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Martin A. Walter, Cedric Nesti, Marko Spanjol, Attila Kollar, Lukas Buetikofer, Viktoria L. Gloy, Rebecca A. Dumont, Christian A. Seiler, Emanuel R. Christ, Piotr Radojewski, Matthias Briel, Reto M. Kaderli
Summary: The study evaluates the safety and efficacy of therapies for neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) through a network meta-analysis, providing estimates of relative efficiency of different treatment options. Combination therapies, including somatostatin analogues, were found to be generally superior according to the results.
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Dalvinder Mandair, Mohid S. Khan, Andre Lopes, Luke Furtado O'Mahony, Leah Ensell, Helen Lowe, John A. Hartley, Christos Toumpanakis, Martyn Caplin, Tim Meyer
Summary: The study identified the optimal CTC thresholds of 1 and 2 for predicting survival and progression-free survival in metastatic PanNET and midgut NETs, respectively. These thresholds can assist in patient stratification and clinical trial design.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Yongzheng Li, Zhiyao Fan, Feifei Zhang, Jian Yang, Ming Shi, Shujie Liu, Yufan Meng, Hanxiang Zhan
Summary: Neoadjuvant therapies can decrease the tumor size and stage of some pNENs, providing some patients with the opportunity for radical resection. However, the optimal treatment regimen for neoadjuvant therapy in pNENs remains unknown based on current data.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Tadashi Toyohara, Michihiro Yoshida, Katsuyuki Miyabe, Kazuki Hayashi, Itaru Naitoh, Hiromu Kondo, Yasuki Hori, Akihisa Kato, Kenta Kachi, Go Asano, Hidenori Sahashi, Akihisa Adachi, Kayoko Kuno, Yusuke Kito, Yoichi Matsuo, Hiromi Kataoka
Summary: This study demonstrates the significant elevation of autotaxin (ATX) expression in pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (panNENs) and its association with panNEN progression. Through clinical data, cell lines, and a mouse model, the researchers confirm the involvement of the ATX-LPA axis in promoting cell proliferation and migration in panNENs. These findings suggest the potential of ATX as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for panNENs.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Shao-Long Chen, Guo-Ping Wang, Dan-Rong Shi, Shu-Hao Yao, Ke-Da Chen, Hang-Ping Yao
Summary: Research has shown the importance of RON in cancer pathogenesis, particularly in HBP cancers where abnormal expression and signaling of RON play a crucial role in tumor malignant behaviors. Developing therapeutics targeting RON is significant for the treatment of HBP cancers, with potential for future clinical trials to determine the efficacy of novel anti-cancer biotherapeutics such as antibody-drug conjugates.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jacques A. Greenberg, Nikolay A. Ivanov, Caitlin E. Egan, Yeon Joo Lee, Rasa Zarnegar, Thomas J. Fahey, Brendan M. Finnerty, Irene M. Min
Summary: This study investigated sex-based differences in clinicopathologic features and survival among patients with PNETs, as well as correlations with mutational signatures. Men tended to have larger tumors compared to women, but differences in mutational signatures between the sexes did not significantly impact overall survival.
JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
T. Feola, R. Sa Pirchio, G. Puliani, R. Pofi, M. Crocco, V Sada, F. Sesti, F. Verdecchia, D. Gianfrilli, M. Appetecchia, N. Di Iorgi, M. L. Jaffrain-Rea, R. Pivonello, A. M. Isidori, A. B. Grossman, E. Sbardella
Summary: This study investigated the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, management, and treatment outcomes of sellar/parasellar lesions during the transition age. The results showed that managing these lesions in adolescents requires an integrated and multidisciplinary approach. Hormone and metabolic disorders may occur many years after treatment, highlighting the importance of long-term follow-up.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Pathology
Sylvia L. Asa, Ozgur Mete, Ulrich Schueller, Biswarathan Ramani, Kanish Mirchia, Arie Perry
Summary: The tumor formerly known as cauda equina paraganglioma was recently renamed as cauda equina neuroendocrine tumor (CENET) based on distinct biological and genetic properties. All tumors tested were positive for INSM1, synaptophysin, chromogranin A, SSTR2, and CD56 as well as at least 1 keratin (AE1/AE3, CAM5.2).
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pathology
Yue Xue, Serdar Balci, Burcin Pehlivanoglu, Takashi Muraki, Bahar Memis, Burcu Saka, Grace Kim, Sudeshna Bandyopadhyay, Jessica Knight, Bassel El-Rayes, David Kooby, Shishir K. Maithel, Juan Sarmiento, Olca Basturk, Michelle D. Reid, Volkan Adsay Md
Summary: This study identified 11 medullary-type carcinomas out of 359 ampullary carcinomas, which showed distinct clinical and pathological features compared to non-medullary ACs. Despite their larger size, medullary carcinomas may have a relatively good survival rate. These tumors were strongly associated with DNA mismatch repair deficiency and closely related to PD-L1 expression.
Review
Pathology
Burcin Pehlivanoglu, Gizem Akkas, Bahar Memis, Olca Basturk, Michelle D. Reid, Burcu Saka, Nevra Dursun, Pelin Bagci, Serdar Balci, Juan Sarmiento, Shishir K. Maithel, Sudeshna Bandyopadhyay, Oscar Tapia Escalona, Juan Carlos Araya, Hector Losada, Michael Goodman, Jessica Holley Knight, Juan Carlos Roa, Volkan Adsay
Summary: Conflicting data exist regarding the frequency, prognosis and management of pT1b-gallbladder carcinoma (GBC). A study re-evaluated 473 GBC cases from the USA and Chile and found that only 5% of invasive GBCs were pT1b, with a 5-year survival rate of >90%. The study supports the inclusion of pT1b in the early GBC category and highlights the importance of accurate staging and long-term surveillance.
Article
Oncology
Diana Mandelker, Antonio Marra, Nikita Mehta, Pier Selenica, Zarina Yelskaya, Ciyu Yang, Joshua Somar, Miika Mehine, Maksym Misyura, Olca Basturk, Alicia Latham, Maria Carlo, Michael Walsh, Zsofia K. Stadler, Kenneth Offit, Chaitanya Bandlamudi, Meera Hameed, Ping Chi, Jorge S. Reis-Filho, Ozge Ceyhan-Birsoy
Summary: Traditional genetic testing for GISTs focuses on patients with syndromic features. However, expanded genetic testing revealed that 69% of KIT/PDGFRA-wildtype GIST patients had pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in GIST-associated genes, even without a history of syndromic features. Additionally, somatic variants identified in tumor-only sequencing of GISTs were found to be largely germline in origin.
NPJ PRECISION ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sylvia L. Asa, Ozgur Mete, Nicole D. Riddle, Arie Perry
Summary: This study identified a rare type of pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) that express both PIT1 and SF1 transcription factors. These tumors exhibit variable clinical and morphological features, commonly presenting as large tumors with growth hormone excess and occasionally coexisting with other types of PitNETs.
ENDOCRINE PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sylvia L. Asa, Silvia Uccella, Arthur Tischler
Summary: The assessment of cell differentiation in endocrine neoplasms involves the identification of cell structure, specific transcription factors, hormones, and enzymes. Differentiation status serves as prognostic and predictive factors for endocrine neoplasms. Hormones can act as biomarkers for clinical surveillance and loss of differentiated hormone production can indicate dedifferentiation and aggressiveness of the tumor. Differentiated endocrine cells express targets for therapy, providing opportunities for targeted treatment.
ENDOCRINE PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Arthur S. Tischler, Virginia A. LiVolsi, Sylvia L. Asa
Summary: The pathology of neoplasia not only focuses on the tumor itself but also provides information about the non-tumorous tissue surrounding the lesion, which can reveal pathogenetic mechanisms and confirm the effects of medical therapies. This article reviews clinically relevant features in endocrine neoplasms and emphasizes the importance of assessing and reporting these features to enhance clinical management.
ENDOCRINE PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Carlotta Pozza, Franz Sesti, Marta Tenuta, Matteo Spaziani, Chiara Tarantino, Francesco Carlomagno, Marianna Minnetti, Riccardo Pofi, Roberto Paparella, Andrea Lenzi, Antonio Radicioni, Andrea M. Isidori, Luigi Tarani, Daniele Gianfrilli
Summary: This study describes the natural history of testicular dysfunction in patients with Klinefelter syndrome through the integration of clinical, hormonal, and quantitative ultrasound data. The results show that testicular development progresses until Tanner stage 4, with subsequent regression. Hormonal detection of Sertoli and germ cell impairment is not observed until Tanner stages 3-4. The findings highlight the importance of quantitative testicular ultrasound in infancy, childhood, and during pubertal development and transition age for optimal care of Klinefelter syndrome patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rosa Pirchio, Renata S. Auriemma, Ludovica F. S. Grasso, Nunzia Verde, Francesco Garifalos, Michele Castoro, Alessandro Conforti, Davide Menafra, Claudia Pivonello, Cristina de Angelis, Marianna Minnetti, Carlo Alviggi, Giovanni Corona, Annamaria Colao, Rosario Pivonello
Summary: This retrospective study aimed to investigate gonadal function and fertility rates in 50 acromegalic women with disease onset within reproductive age. The results showed that 58.1% of patients had menstrual disturbances and 100% were diagnosed as infertile at diagnosis. After achieving disease control, the rate of menstrual disturbances decreased but some patients still struggled with infertility.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Francesco Carlomagno, Marianna Minnetti, Francesco Angelini, Riccardo Pofi, Emilia Sbardella, Matteo Spaziani, Alessia Aureli, Antonella Anzuini, Roberto Paparella, Luigi Tarani, Tommaso Porcelli, Maria Angela De Stefano, Carlotta Pozza, Daniele Gianfrilli, Andrea M. Isidori
Summary: This retrospective longitudinal study aimed to describe the HPT axis and thyroid US appearance in patients with KS throughout the life span. The study found that thyroid autoimmunity was more prevalent among individuals with KS at all ages, and signs of thyroid dysfunction were more prominent in KS than in euthyroid controls.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Medicine, Research & Experimental
David Adsay, Rohat Esmer, Ozgur Eren, Ayse Armutlu, Orhun Taskin, Berke Cesur, Ulkem Kasapoglu, Soner Koc, Nuray Tezcan, Berk Kaan Aktas, Ibrahim Kulac, Yersu Kapran, Olca Basturk, Cigdem Gunduz-Demir, Burcu Saka
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mustafa Erdem Arslan, Kerem Ozcan, Hulya Sahin Ozkan, Daniela Allende, Funda Yilmaz, Rondell Graham, Raul Gonzalez, Jiaqi Shi, N. Volkan Adsay, Christopher Fletcher, David Klimstra, Olca Basturk
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Emre Bozkurt, Rohat Esmer, Burcu Saka, Ozgur Eren, Pelin Bagci, Serdar Balci, Ayse Armutlu, Cenk Sokmensuer, Yue Xue, Burcin Pehlivanoglu, Michelle Reid, Shishir Maithel, David Kooby, Juan Sarmiento, Orhun Taskin, Yersu Kapran, Bengi Gurses, Gurkan Tellioglu, Orhan Bilge, Olca Basturk, N. Volkan Adsay
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Correction
Psychiatry
Lorenzo M. Donini, Juan Ramon Barrada, Friederike Barthels, Thomas M. Dunn, Camille Babeau, Anna Brytek-Matera, Hellas Cena, Silvia Cerolini, Hye-hyun Cho, Maria Coimbra, Massimo Cuzzolaro, Claudia Ferreira, Valeria Galfano, Maria G. Grammatikopoulou, Souheil Hallit, Linn Haman, Phillipa Hay, Masahito Jimbo, Clotilde Lasson, Eva-Carin Lindgren, Renee Mcgregor, Marianna Minnetti, Edoardo Mocini, Sahar Obeid, Crystal D. Oberle, Maria-Dolores Onieva-Zafra, Marie-Christine Opitz, Maria-Laura Parra-Fernandez, Reinhard Pietrowsky, Natalija Plasonja, Eleonora Poggiogalle, Adrien Rigo, Rachel F. Rodgers, Maria Roncero, Carmina Saldana, Cristina Segura-Garcia, Jessica Setnick, Ji-Yeon Shin, Grazia Spitoni, Jana Strahler, Nanette Stroebele-Benschop, Patrizia Todisco, Mariacarolina Vacca, Martina Valente, Marta Varga, Andrea Zagaria, Hana Flynn Zickgraf, Rebecca C. Reynolds, Caterina Lombardo
EATING AND WEIGHT DISORDERS-STUDIES ON ANOREXIA BULIMIA AND OBESITY
(2023)