Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Charlotte Oris, Samy Kahouadji, Julie Durif, Damien Bouvier, Vincent Sapin
Summary: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a growing burden worldwide, accounting for approximately 80% of all TBI cases. In recent years, candidate biomarkers have been investigated to improve the management of mTBI patients. Blood biomarker measurement in the acute phase after a traumatic event helps reduce unnecessary CT scans and hospitalizations. S100B protein has emerged as the most widely studied and used biomarker for clinical decision making in patients with mTBI. Besides its diagnostic use, S100B plays a role in the molecular pathogenic processes accompanying acute brain injury, making it a potential therapeutic target.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Debbie Y. Madhok, Robert M. Rodriguez, Jason Barber, Nancy R. Temkin, Amy J. Markowitz, Natalie Kreitzer, Geoffrey T. Manley
Summary: This study found that most patients with mild TBI, with a GCS score of 15 and a negative head CT scan, did not fully recover at 2 weeks and 6 months after the injury. Emergency department clinicians should recommend 2-week follow-up visits to identify patients with incomplete recovery and facilitate rehabilitation.
Article
Emergency Medicine
Gianni Turcato, Alessandro Cipriano, Arian Zaboli, Naria Park, Alessandro Riccardi, Massimo Santini, Roberto Lerza, Giorgio Ricci, Antonio Bonora, Lorenzo Ghiadoni
Summary: Repeat head CT in patients on DOACs with MTBI after an initial negative CT scan is a common clinical practice. In this study, researchers assessed the incidence of delayed ICH and its association with clinical and risk factors presented on patient arrival in the ED. The results showed that delayed ICH is an uncommon event at the 24-hour control CT and does not affect patient outcome.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Gianni Turcato, Arian Zaboli, Norbert Pfeifer, Antonio Maccagnani, Andrea Tenci, Alberto Giudiceandrea, Massimo Zannoni, Giorgio Ricci, Antonio Bonora, Francesco Brigo
Summary: This study identified easily identifiable clinical risk factors at the first medical evaluation in the emergency department that may indicate an increased risk of post-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage in patients on DOACs. The machine-based CHAID model found specific predictors associated with the presence of post-traumatic ICH in these patients, suggesting the potential for risk stratification and patient selection guidance.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sean O. Mahoney, Nahian F. Chowdhury, Van Ngo, Phoebe Imms, Andrei Irimia
Summary: This study reveals that intracortical demyelination after mild traumatic brain injury is significantly more severe than in typical aging, with different regions of the brain affected differently. Occipital regions may be more susceptible to primary injury, while temporal, cingulate, and insular regions are more vulnerable to later manifestations of injury sequelae.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julio Cesar Garcia de Alencar, Flavia Barreto Garcez, Agnes Araujo Sardinha Pinto, Lucas Oliveira Junqueira e Silva, Lucas de Moraes Soler, Shirley Steffany Munoz Fernandez, Victor Van Vaisberg, Luz Marina Gomez Gomez, Sandra Maria Lima Ribeiro, Thiago Junqueira Avelino-Silva, Heraldo Possolo Souza
Summary: Delirium is a common neuropsychiatric emergency characterized by attention and awareness disturbance. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between brain injury biomarkers and delirium in acutely ill older patients. The results showed that levels of S100B on admission did not predict delirium in elderly patients.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Katrina Dunn, Anna Rumbach, Emma Finch
Summary: This study aimed to examine and characterize the language function of individuals following non-traumatic SAH, and found that 18.6% of them had language impairment. Language impairment was associated with increased ICU and hospital length of stay, and manifested as difficulties in auditory comprehension, verbal expression, reading comprehension, and written expression. The findings highlight the importance of early, routine assessment of language function for individuals with non-traumatic SAH.
JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Fleur Lorton, Jeanne Simon-Pimmel, Damien Masson, Elise Launay, Christele Gras-Le Guen, Pauline Scherdel
Summary: The implementation of a modified PECARN rule including the S100B protein assay significantly decreased the proportion of CT scans and in-hospital observations for children with mTBI who were at intermediate risk for ciTBI.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Alexander F. Shida, Roy J. Massett, Phoebe Imms, Ramanand V. Vegesna, Anar Amgalan, Andrei Irimia
Summary: This study compares the rates of regional gray matter volume loss between individuals with recent mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and healthy controls (HCs). The results show that mTBI patients have significantly steeper rates of volume loss in various brain regions, particularly in the prefrontal and temporal structures.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Daniel B. Hier, Tayo Obafemi-Ajayi, Matthew S. Thimgan, Gayla R. Olbricht, Sima Azizi, Blaine Allen, Bassam A. Hadi, Donald C. Wunsch
Summary: Unresolved issues related to blood biomarkers after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) are mainly focused on the pathways of biomarkers entering and exiting the blood, the kinetics of blood biomarkers, and the predictive capacity of blood biomarkers after mTBI. Further research is needed to address these issues.
BIOMARKER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jordee M. Wells, Jean-Michel Galarneau, Nori M. Minich, Daniel M. Cohen, Kameron Clinton, H. Gerry Taylor, Erin D. Bigler, Ann Bacevice, Leslie K. Mihalov, Barbara A. Bangert, Nicholas A. Zumberge, Keith Owen Yeates
Summary: This study found racial differences in recruitment and retention of participants in a prospective, longitudinal cohort study of children with mild traumatic brain injury or orthopedic injury. Black and multi-racial children had higher consent rates, while white children had higher retention rates.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Aleksandra Karolina Gozt, Sarah Claire Hellewell, Jacinta Thorne, Elizabeth Thomas, Francesca Buhagiar, Shaun Markovic, Anoek Van Houselt, Alexander Ring, Glenn Arendts, Ben Smedley, Sjinene Van Schalkwyk, Philip Brooks, John Iliff, Antonio Celenza, Ashes Mukherjee, Dan Xu, Suzanne Robinson, Stephen Honeybul, Gill Cowen, Melissa Licari, Michael Bynevelt, Carmela F. Pestell, Daniel Fatovich, Melinda Fitzgerald
Summary: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a complex injury with heterogeneous outcomes. While many recover within 2 weeks, around 10%-20% experience persistent symptoms. This study aims to establish a predictive model for PPCS by evaluating a wide range of prognostic factors.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Flavia Ismael, Joao C. S. Bizario, Tatiane Battagin, Beatriz Zaramella, Fabio E. Leal, Julio Torales, Antonio Ventriglio, Megan E. Marziali, Silvia S. Martins, Joao M. Castaldelli-Maia
Summary: It remains unclear whether COVID-19 is associated with psychiatric symptoms during or after the acute illness phase. This prospective cohort study found that an increased number of COVID-19 symptoms was associated with clinically significant levels of depressive, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress symptoms approximately two months later. Patients should be monitored for the development of psychiatric symptoms after COVID-19 treatment discharge, and early interventions could benefit these individuals.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Andrew R. Mayer, Timothy B. Meier, Andrew B. Dodd, David D. Stephenson, Cidney R. Robertson-Benta, Josef M. Ling, Sharvani Pabbathi Reddy, Vadim Zotev, Kishore Vakamudi, Richard A. Campbell, Robert E. Sapien, Erik B. Erhardt, John P. Phillips, Andrei A. Vakhtin
Summary: The study aims to investigate the recovery process after pediatric mild traumatic brain injury (pmTBI) by examining the changes in brain structure and the age-at-injury effects. It is hypothesized that there will be reduced cortical thickness and hippocampal volumes up to 4 months postinjury, and these changes will be influenced by the age at injury.
Article
Physiology
Jun Zhu, Yingchi Shan, Yihua Li, Jiaqi Liu, Xiang Wu, Guoyi Gao
Summary: The present study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of the spindle wave morphology in intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. The study found that patients with spindle waves had higher Glasgow Coma Scale scores at discharge, a greater improvement in scores during hospitalization, and better 6-month Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended scores compared to the control group. Furthermore, the occurrence of spindle waves was associated with significant improvements in physiological parameters such as ICP, pulse amplitude, and correlation coefficient.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Rehabilitation
Navindra Baldeo, Andrea D'Souza, Halina (Lin) Haag, Sara Hanafy, Enrico Quilico, Patrick Archambault, Heather Colquhoun, John Lewko, Richard Riopelle, Angela Colantonio, Tatyana Mollayeva
Summary: This study aims to explore perceptions of gender among adult patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and their informal caregivers. The findings indicate that TBI leads to a transformation of understanding and experiences of gender. Gender plays a significant role in giving and receiving care. The results highlight the importance of raising awareness among researchers and practitioners on post-injury gender-related issues, and call for interventions to mitigate gender disparities.
DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION
(2023)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Anna Tran, Clare Wallner, Kerstin de Wit, Caroline Gerin-Lajoie, Kerri Ritchie, Mathew Mercuri, Natasha Clayton, Mary Boulos, Patrick Archambault, Lisa Schwartz, Sara Gray, Teresa Man-Yee Chan
Summary: This study conducted interviews with Canadian emergency physicians to explore their experiences during the early COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the low prevalence of COVID-19 cases at the time, the study found that these physicians experienced emotional and psychological distress. The findings of this study could guide future interventions to support and protect emergency physicians during pandemics.
EMERGENCY MEDICINE JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Emergency Medicine
Tania Marx, Claudia Vincent-Boulay, Laurance Marquis-Gendron, Kathryn Bareil, Samuel Leduc, Gabrielle Lefebvre, Catherine Cote, Myriam Mallet, Emmanuelle Paquette-Raynard, Maurice Boissinot, Michel G. Bergeron, Simon Berthelot
Summary: The objective of this study was to identify tools for predicting the risk of complications in patients with acute infectious diarrhea in outpatient clinics or emergency departments. Five articles reporting on two different tools were identified. The EsVida scale, developed for assessing the risk of hospitalization in children, has not been externally validated. The Clinical Dehydration Scale (CDS), originally developed for assessing dehydration in children, was evaluated as a risk stratification tool.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
R. Bola, J. Sutherland, R. A. Murphy, M. Leeies, L. Grant, J. Hayward, P. Archambault, L. Graves, T. Rose, C. Hohl
Summary: The study aimed to compare the long-term physical and mental health outcomes of matched SARS-CoV-2-positive and SARS-CoV-2-negative patients, controlling for seasonal effects. By using a retrospective cohort study design and propensity score matching, the researchers found that physical health was similar between the two groups, while mental health was worse during a time when access to care was limited.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
E. Matifat, E. Berger Pelletier, R. Brison, L. J. Hebert, J. -S. Roy, L. Woodhouse, S. Berthelot, R. Daoust, M. -J. Sirois, R. Booth, R. Gagnon, J. Miller, Y. Tousignant-Laflamme, M. Emond, K. Perreault, F. Desmeules
Summary: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of an advanced practice physiotherapist (APPT)-led model of care with usual ED physician care for patients with minor musculoskeletal disorders. The trial will be conducted in six Canadian EDs and will recruit 744 adult patients. The main outcome measure will be the Brief Pain Inventory Questionnaire. The study results will contribute to improving resource utilization in EDs and providing efficient care for adult patients with musculoskeletal disorders.
Review
Nursing
Simon Ouellet, Maria Cecilia Galliani, Celine Gelinas, Guillaume Fontaine, Patrick Archambault, Eric Mercier, Fabian Severino, Melanie Berube
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate strategies that influence nurses' behavior to improve triage quality in emergency departments. The study used a realist review approach and examined various types of research to assess the effectiveness of different strategies. The findings will provide important insights for nurses and emergency department decision makers on how to improve triage quality and identify research gaps for future studies.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Dawn Stacey, Claire Ludwig, Patrick Archambault, Maureen Smith, Monica Taljaard, Meg Carley, Karine Plourde, Laura Boland, Amede Gogovor, Ian Graham, Daniel Kobewka, Robert K. D. McLean, Michelle L. A. Nelson, Brandi Vanderspank-Wright, France Legare
Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, Canadians faced numerous new health-related decisions, and many of them reported difficulties in decision-making, resulting in decisional conflict and regret. Interventions should be designed to meet their decisional needs and support patients facing new health-related decisions.
JMIR PUBLIC HEALTH AND SURVEILLANCE
(2023)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Fabrice I. Mowbray, George Heckman, John P. Hirdes, Andrew P. Costa, Olivier Beauchet, Patrick Archambault, Debra Eagles, Han Ting Wang, Jeffrey J. Perry, Samir K. Sinha, Micaela Jantzi, Paul Hebert
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the agreement and discriminative accuracy of three emergency department vulnerability screeners, including the InterRAI ED Screener, ER2, and PRISMA-7. The results showed fair agreement between the screeners and their association with important patient outcomes. The interRAI ED Screener best identified older ED patients at greatest risk, while PRISMA-7 and ER2 were more sensitive instruments.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Biological
Alexandre Marois, Maelle Kopf, Michelle Fortin, Maxime Huot-Lavoie, Alexandre Martel, J. Gordon Boyd, Jean-Francois Gagnon, Patrick M. Archambault
Summary: This scoping review examines the current knowledge of psychophysiological models for hypovigilance detection. Twenty-one records were reviewed, which mainly focused on driving and employed various psychophysiological techniques. However, there were variations in prediction methods and gold standards.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Patrick M. Archambault, Rhonda J. Rosychuk, Martyne Audet, Rajan Bola, Shabnam Vatanpour, Steven C. Brooks, Raoul Daoust, Gregory Clark, Lars Grant, Samuel Vaillancourt, Michelle Welsford, Laurie J. Morrison, Corinne M. Hohl
Summary: This study aimed to determine the accuracy and reliability of self-reported vaccination status. The results showed that self-reported vaccination status had high accuracy for adult patients who could self-report their vaccination data.
JMIR PUBLIC HEALTH AND SURVEILLANCE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Doriane Etienne, Patrick Archambault, Donovan Aziaka, Selma Chipenda-Dansokho, Eve Dube, Catherine S. Fallon, Hina Hakim, Jason Kindrachuk, Dan Krecoum, Shannon E. MacDonald, Ruth Ndjaboue, Magniol Noubi, Jean-Sebastien Paquette, Elizabeth Parent, Holly O. Witteman
Summary: To reduce the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, many jurisdictions implemented social or physical distancing measures. However, the explanations behind these measures were either too technical or oversimplified. This study aimed to understand the effects of a dynamic visualization on distancing and developed a web application to help people understand the relationship between individual behavior and the spread of infectious diseases.
JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Simon Berthelot, Yves Longtin, Manuele Margni, Jason Robert Guertin, Annie Leblanc, Tania Marx, Khadidiatou Mangou, Ariane Bluteau, Diego Mantovani, Sergey Mikhaylin, Frederic Bergeron, Valerie Dancause, Anne Desjardins, Nadia Lahrichi, Danielle Martin, Charles Jerome Sossa, Philippe Lachapelle, Stephane Schaal, Isabelle Genest, Anne Gignac, Stephane Tremblay, Eric Hufty, Lynda Belanger, Erica Beatty
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the eco-efficient use of personal protective equipment (PPE) in emergency departments (EDs). It will assess the clinical effectiveness, financial cost, and ecological footprint of PPE use. The first three phases have started, with results expected in 2024.
JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Sabrina Guay-Belanger, Emmanuelle Aubin, Marie Cimon, Patrick Archambault, Virginie Blanchette, Anik Giguere, Amede Gogovor, Michele Morin, Ali Ben Charif, Nouha Ben Gaied, Julie Bickerstaff, Nancy Chenard, Julie Emond, Julie Gilbert, Isabelle Violet, France Legare
Summary: This study aims to develop decision support tools for older adults in home care and culturally adapt them to provide support for decision-making. The study uses various methods, including self-assessment questionnaires, Delphi surveys, and user-centered design methods. The study is important for improving the quality and cultural adaptability of decision-making in elderly care.
JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Janet Curran, Lori Wozney, Emma Tavender, Catherine Wilson, Krista C. Ritchie, Helen Wong, Allyson Gallant, Mari Somerville, Patrick M. Archambault, Christine Cassidy, Mona Jabbour, Rebecca Mackay, Amy C. Plint
Summary: This study surveyed nurse and physician readiness to adopt electronic tools for discharge communication in pediatric emergency departments. Despite low levels of uptake, both nurses and physicians view these tools as valuable support for families visiting pediatric ED. However, leadership for technology change, impact on workflow, and disparities in digital literacy skills require further research.
JMIR HUMAN FACTORS
(2023)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Karol Samman, Cathie-Kim Le, Brett Burstein, Salma Rehimini, Anthony Grenier, Claudia Bertrand-Bureau, Myriam Mallet, David Simonyan, Simon Berthelot
Summary: The study revealed that most parents/guardians preferred care in a clinic, but the proportion of those unable to find other doctors decreased during the pandemic compared to before. The pandemic resulted in a decrease in patient visits and shifts in presenting complaints, underscoring the importance of improved access to primary care resources.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2023)