Article
Ophthalmology
Lanhua Wang, Ling Jin, Wei Wang, Xia Gong, Yuting Li, Wangting Li, Xiaoling Liang, Wenyong Huang, Yizhi Liu
Summary: There is a strong association between renal function and vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (VTDR) and diabetic macular oedema (DMO) in diabetic patients. The association between glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and VTDR is significant, while the association with any DR depends on the presence of microalbuminuria. High microalbuminuria and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are significantly associated with DMO.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Joseph Stavas, David Gerber, Steven G. Coca, Arnold L. Silva, Ashley Johns, Deepak Jain, Tim Bertram, Maria Diaz-Gonzalez de Ferris, George Bakris
Summary: This study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of renal autologous cell therapy (REACT) in improving or stabilizing renal function among patients with type 2 diabetic kidney disease (T2DKD). By directly injecting REACT into the renal cortex, this therapy has the potential to delay or avoid renal replacement therapy. This is a multicenter phase II clinical trial that enrolled 83 adult patients for observation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Liang-Jun Yan
Summary: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus, and there are currently no effective treatments available. Understanding the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of DN requires the use of animal models, and one widely used model is the non-obese type 2 diabetes induced by nicotinamide and streptozotocin in rodents.
Review
Cell Biology
Che-Hao Tseng, Kavya M. Shah, I-Jen Chiu, Li-Li Hsiao
Summary: Diabetic kidney disease is one of the most prevalent complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus, causing a significant burden on patients worldwide. Recent studies have highlighted the relationship between autophagy and diabetic kidney disease, suggesting autophagy as a potential therapeutic target.
Article
Transplantation
Rong M. Zhang, Frederik Persson, Janet B. McGill, Peter Rossing
Summary: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a serious complication with high morbidity and mortality. Current guidelines recommend annual screening for CKD, blood pressure and glucose control, as well as the use of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibition. Recent additions to the guidelines include the use of SGLT2 inhibitors and finerenone, based on robust clinical trial data, to improve CKD outcomes in T2D patients.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jessica Kearney, Luigi Gnudi
Summary: The diabetes epidemic and increasing number of patients with diabetic chronic vascular complications present a major challenge to healthcare providers. Diabetic kidney disease, a serious complication of diabetes, not only leads to end-stage renal disease but is also associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Interventions to delay the progression of diabetic kidney disease are crucial in reducing the cardiovascular burden.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Maria Rosaria Rizzo, Irene Di Meo, Rita Polito, Maria Chiara Auriemma, Antonio Gambardella, Gabriella di Mauro, Annalisa Capuano, Giuseppe Paolisso
Summary: Gliflozins are a novel class of oral anti-diabetic drugs that inhibit sodium-glucose co-transporters and have potential effects on cognitive dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients. Further research is needed to fully understand their impact on cognitive decline.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Elizabeth Skalkos, Rohit Rajagopal, David Simmons
Summary: This study evaluated the achievement of metabolic targets and compared the management of renal service attenders with insulin-treated and non-insulin-treated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. The results showed that insulin-treated patients had higher HbA1c levels, lower achievement of metabolic targets, and more diabetes-related complications. The importance of assessing diabetes management in renal patients to prevent complications was emphasized.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Khalid Siddiqui, Teena P. George, Salini S. Joy, Assim A. Alfadda
Summary: This study investigates the involvement of risk factors in the severity of CKD among participants with longer duration of diabetes. The results suggest that patients with T2DM and duration of ≥ 15 years, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetic retinopathy have a higher prevalence of advanced CKD. Additionally, an increased number of risk factors may indicate the severity of CKD in T2D.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Pierre J. Saulnier, Helen C. Looker, Michael Mauer, Behzad Najafian, Elise Gand, Stephanie Ragot, Robert G. Nelson, Petter Bjornstad
Summary: In patients with type 2 diabetes, intraglomerular hemodynamic parameters are strongly associated with incident end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and correlate with structural lesions of diabetic kidney disease (DKD).
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Habib Yaribeygi, Mina Maleki, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Tannaz Jamialahmadi, Amirhossein Sahebkar
Summary: Type 2 diabetes is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, often leading to long-term complications such as diabetic nephropathy. Preventing and delaying the development of diabetic nephropathy is a key goal in managing patients with type 2 diabetes. Empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, has been shown to have renoprotective effects in patients with type 2 diabetes. This study reviews the available clinical data on the potential renoprotective effects of empagliflozin from a mechanistic and molecular perspective.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anibal Ale-Chilet, Carolina Bernal-Morales, Marina Barraso, Teresa Hernandez, Cristian Oliva, Irene Vinagre, Emilio Ortega, Marc Figueras-Roca, Anna Sala-Puigdollers, Cristina Esquinas, Marga Gimenez, Enric Esmatjes, Alfredo Adan, Javier Zarranz-Ventura
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate potential associations between OCTA parameters and DKD categories in T1DM patients and controls. The results showed that reduced VD and FAZc were associated with greater categories of GFR, ACR, and KDIGO risk prognosis classifications. FAZc was able to discriminate within T1DM patients those with greater DKD categories and greater risk of DKD progression.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yui Yamamoto, Ko Hanai, Tomomi Mori, Yoichi Yokoyama, Naoshi Yoshida, Hidekazu Murata, Tomohiro Shinozaki, Tetsuya Babazono
Summary: This study found that individuals with type 2 diabetes exhibiting non-albuminuric kidney insufficiency had a higher risk of kidney function decline, albuminuria, and all-cause mortality compared to those exhibiting preserved kidney function without albuminuria.
Review
Immunology
Zhi-Cheng Dai, Jin-Xia Chen, Rong Zou, Xuan-Bing Liang, Ji-Xin Tang, Cui-Wei Yao
Summary: Diabetic kidney disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects a significant percentage of individuals with diabetes. SGLT-2 inhibitors, as novel hypoglycemic agents, have shown significant cardiorenal protective effects in patients with DKD, including those at stage G4.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Domenico Santoro, Massimo Torreggiani, Vincenzo Pellicano, Valeria Cernaro, Roberta Maria Messina, Elisa Longhitano, Rossella Siligato, Guido Gembillo, Ciro Esposito, Giorgina Barbara Piccoli
Summary: Early identification of kidney disease in diabetic patients is crucial for slowing its progression. However, distinguishing between diabetes related and non-diabetes related forms of kidney disease in diabetic patients is not just a semantic question.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Dianna J. Magliano, Lei Chen, Bendix Carstensen, Edward W. Gregg, Meda E. Pavkov, Agus Salim, Linda J. Andes, Ran Balicer, Marta Baviera, Juliana C. N. Chan, Yiling J. Cheng, Helene Gardiner, Hanne L. Gulseth, Romualdas Gurevicius, Kyoung Hwa Ha, Gyorgy Jermendy, Dae Jung Kim, Zoltan Kiss, Maya Leventer-Roberts, Chun-Yi Lin, Andrea O. Y. Luk, Stefan Ma, Manel Mata-Cases, Didac Mauricio, Gregory A. Nichols, Santa Pildava, Avi Porath, Stephanie H. Read, Cynthia Robitaille, Maria Carla Roncaglioni, Paz Lopez-Doriga Ruiz, Kang-Ling Wang, Sarah H. Wild, Naama Yekutiel, Jonathan E. Shaw
Summary: This study analyzed data from 19 sources in 16 high-income countries and found a decline in all-cause mortality among people with diabetes in most countries, with the most significant decrease observed in East and Southeast Asia. The study also revealed that the rate of decrease in mortality was faster among people with diabetes compared to those without diabetes.
LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lee-Ling Lim, Eric S. H. Lau, Johnny T. K. Cheung, Siew Pheng Chan, Linong Ji, Soo Lim, Sirinart Sirinvaravong, A. G. Unnikrishnan, Andrea O. Y. Luk, Viviana Cortese, Alexandra Durocher, Juliana C. N. Chan
Summary: This study explored the usage patterns of oral glucose-lowering drugs (OGLDs), particularly sulphonylureas (SUs), in Asian patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The findings showed that SUs, often combined with metformin, are a popular class of OGLDs in Asia. They are associated with good glycemic control and safety profiles.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sankar D. Navaneethan, Sophia Zoungas, M. Luiza Caramori, Juliana C. N. Chan, Hiddo J. L. Heerspink, Clint Hurst, Adrian Liew, Erin D. Michos, Wasiu A. Olowu, Tami Sadusky, Nikhil Tandon, Katherine R. Tuttle, Christoph Wanner, Katy G. Wilkens, Jonathan C. Craig, David J. Tunnicliffe, Marcello Tonelli, Michael Cheung, Amy Earley, Peter Rossing, Ian H. de Boer, Kamlesh Khunti
Summary: The KDIGO 2022 Clinical Practice Guideline for Diabetes Management in Chronic Kidney Disease is an update of the 2020 guideline. The guideline was updated based on reviewing new evidence and using the GRADE approach to assess evidence and develop consensus practice points. The recommendations were updated in the areas of comprehensive care and glucose-lowering therapies, while recommendations in the areas of glycemic monitoring, lifestyle interventions, and management approaches remained unchanged.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hongjiang Wu, Eric S. H. Lau, Aimin Yang, Baoqi Fan, Ronald C. W. Ma, Alice P. S. Kong, Elaine Chow, Wing-Yee So, Juliana C. N. Chan, Andrea O. Y. Luk
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate whether simple clinical features can predict the 1-year glycaemic response to glucose-lowering drugs among Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. The study found that different drugs had different effects on reducing blood glucose levels and were affected by clinical features such as gender, age, diabetes duration, weight, and blood lipid levels.
DIABETES-METABOLISM RESEARCH AND REVIEWS
(2023)
Letter
Dermatology
Mai Shi, Aimin Yang, Elaine Chow, Eric S. H. Lau, Claudia H. T. Tam, Alice P. S. Kong, Andrea O. Y. Luk, Ronald C. W. Ma, Christina M. T. Cheung, Juliana C. N. Chan, Agnes W. S. Chan
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lee-Ling Lim, Elaine Chow, Juliana C. N. Chan
Summary: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) often have comorbidities and premature mortality. Traditional drugs and certain inhibitors have organ-protective effects, while SGLT2i, GLP1RA, and nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists provide additional cardiorenal benefits. However, there are care gaps due to detection issues, therapeutic inertia, and poor adherence.
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chaoran Liu, Pui Yan Wong, Yik Lok Chung, Simon Kwoon-Ho Chow, Wing Hoi Cheung, Sheung Wai Law, Juliana Chung Ngor Chan, Ronald Man Yeung Wong
Summary: Sarcopenic obesity, the combination of age-related sarcopenia and obesity, is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders. Obesity reduces the risk of sarcopenia in older individuals, depending on increased muscle mass and strength.
Article
Acoustics
Kin Hung Liu, Alice Pik Shan Kong, Juliana Chung Ngor Chan, Winnie Chiu Wing
Summary: Aortic stiffness is closely related to central obesity, while mesenteric fat is the key adipose tissue in central obesity. This study examined the associations between mesenteric fat thickness and aortic stiffness, comparing them with conventional measures of obesity. Ultrasound was used to measure mesenteric, pre-peritoneal, and subcutaneous fat thickness, as well as carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (c-f PWV), an index of central aortic stiffness. Various anthropometric indexes, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, and lipid profile were measured. Univariate analysis revealed that mesenteric fat thickness had the strongest correlation with c-f PWV compared to other obesity measures. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that mesenteric fat thickness remained an independent determinant of c-f PWV after adjustments for other abdominal fat thickness, anthropometric and metabolic indexes, and CIMT. In conclusion, mesenteric fat thickness is an independent risk factor for aortic stiffness and has a stronger association with aortic stiffness compared to conventional measures of obesity.
ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Dae Jung Kim, Wayne H-H Sheu, Wook-Jin Chung, Daisuke Yabe, Kyoung Hwa Ha, Masaomi Nangaku, Elise Chia-Hui Tan, Koichi Node, Atsutaka Yasui, Weiyu Lei, Sunwoo Lee, Laura Saarelainen, Anouk Deruaz-Luyet, Moe H. Kyaw, Yutaka Seino, EMPRISE East Asia Study Grp
Summary: The EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial showed that empagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, provides cardiovascular and renal benefits as well as reduces all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease. The EMPRISE study program evaluates the translation of these effects in routine clinical care of type 2 diabetes patients in East Asia.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Aimin Yang, Mai Shi, Eric S. H. Lau, Hongjiang Wu, Xinge Zhang, Baoqi Fan, Alice P. S. Kong, Andrea O. Y. Luk, Ronald C. W. Ma, Juliana C. N. Chan, Elaine Chow
Summary: Discontinuation of ACEi/ARBs in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes and advanced-CKD is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular-renal events, emphasizing the importance of their continued use.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yi-Jing Sheen, Jiunn-Min Wang, Pi-fen Tsai, Wen-Jane Lee, Ya-Chi Hsu, Chen-Yu Wang, Wayne H. -H. Sheu
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the CONTOUR PLUS and CONTOUR PLUS ONE glucometers as point-of-care devices for blood glucose monitoring in neonates and critically ill adults. The findings showed that both glucose management systems met the accuracy criteria for venous blood from neonates and arterial blood from critically ill adults.
CLINICAL THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu
Summary: Approximately 40 years ago, the author began studying diabetes and established the Taiwan Diabetes Registry to track long-term changes in patients. By using electronic medical records and glucometers, the author significantly reduced hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia in inpatients, leading to shorter hospital stays and lower readmission rates. The author also actively advocated for diabetes care and hosted a scientific conference on diabetes research.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Johnny T. K. Cheung, Aimin Yang, Hongjiang Wu, Eric S. H. Lau, Alice P. S. Kong, Ronald C. W. Ma, Andrea O. Y. Luk, Juliana C. N. Chan, Elaine Chow
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether early treatment intensification using dipeptidylpeptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP4i) delays insulin initiation in Chinese patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes for less than 5 years. The results showed that early DPP4i intensification and low glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) variability score (HVS) were associated with delayed insulin initiation.
DIABETES-METABOLISM RESEARCH AND REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Erik Fung, Kwan Hung Ng, Timothy Kwok, Leong-Ting Lui, Saranya Palaniswamy, Queenie Chan, Lee-Ling Lim, Petri Wiklund, Suyi Xie, Cheryl Turner, Amany K. Elshorbagy, Helga Refsum, Jason C. S. Leung, Alice P. S. Kong, Juliana C. N. Chan, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Jean Woo
Summary: Branched-chain amino acids can indicate the risk of cardiometabolic disease when increased or suggest sufficient energy metabolism and reserve in old age. The interpretation of BCAA levels can be context-dependent, and it remains unclear whether abnormal levels can inform prognosis. This study aimed to determine the interrelationship between mortality hazard and fasting serum BCAA levels among older men and women with or without hypertension and diabetes mellitus.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Xinge Zhang, Hongjiang Wu, Baoqi Fan, Mai Shi, Eric S. H. Lau, Aimin Yang, Elaine Chow, Alice P. S. Kong, Juliana C. N. Chan, Ronald C. W. Ma, Andrea O. Y. Luk
Summary: This study found that prediabetes is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality, with a stronger relationship observed in younger individuals. The risk attenuates with increasing age.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-WESTERN PACIFIC
(2023)