Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sakiru Olarewaju Olagunju, Dias Mukhtarkhan, Jong Kim, Alfrendo Satyanaga, Sung-Woo Moon
Summary: This study characterizes basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag as an alternative material for railway ballast in Kazakhstan by examining its physical, mechanical, chemical, and environmental properties. The BOF slag was found to have high specific gravity and spherical shape, demonstrating exceptional strength and resistance to fragmentation, abrasion, and sudden loading. The slag also met the environmental requirements and can be used as railway ballast material in Kazakhstan.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Wenli Jia, V. L. Markine, Guoqing Jing
Summary: The research proposes the idea of using furnace slag as sub-ballast in railway construction, demonstrating through tests the advantages of furnace slag including less breakage and abrasion, higher shear resistance, and better elasticity. The feasibility of furnace slag as sub-ballast material is confirmed, providing an environmentally friendly option for railway construction.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Morteza Esmaeili, Amirhossein Askari
Summary: This paper investigates the combined behavior of igneous rock ballast and EAF slag ballast. Through various tests, the properties of both materials were evaluated and compared. The samples containing different combinations of rock and slag ballast were prepared and tested for abrasion resistance, settlement, breakage, stiffness, and damping ratio. The results showed that the use of slag ballast increased stiffness and damping ratio, and a combination of 75% slag and 25% rock ballast was suggested as the optimal blend.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yunlong Guo, Jiale Xie, Zheng Fan, Valeri Markine, David P. Connolly, Guoqing Jing
Summary: This paper reviews the means of selecting railway ballast materials in complex environments worldwide, compares the selection criteria for ballast materials, and summarizes the test methods for quantifying ballast quality. It discusses the influence of ballast parent rock types and mining approaches, analyzes ballast morphology in terms of size and shape, and reviews ballast petrography, focusing on the effect of mineral composition on performance. The paper also discusses promising future ballast technologies, with a focus on environmental performance.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Alexandros Chatzopoulos, Kosmas K. Sideris, Christos Tassos
Summary: This study examines the use of slag aggregates as a replacement for traditional aggregates in producing concrete with improved mechanical and durability characteristics. The results demonstrate that slag aggregates can enhance the performance of concrete, resulting in environmentally friendly and durable mixtures.
CASE STUDIES IN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xuecheng Bian, Kaihui Shi, Wei Li, Xue Luo, Erol Tutumluer, Yunmin Chen
Summary: The degradation of ballast particles due to abrasion and breakage can lead to inadequate track stiffness and settlement. Current ballast specifications do not provide a comprehensive assessment of particle morphology changes, which can significantly affect track performance. A more accurate method, such as Los Angeles abrasion testing and morphology analysis, is needed to study the impact of particle degradation on railroad tracks.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Noe Hernandez-Fernandez, Tania A. Garcia-Mejia, Rosa M. Ramirez-Zamora, Ricardo Ochoa-Diaz, Alexandra Ossa-Lopez
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of adding different types of slag on the properties of slag-modified asphalt, showing improvements in asphalt consistency and resistance to permanent deformation.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Civil
Atif Hussain, Syed Khaja Karimullah Hussaini
Summary: With the increasing demand for rail transportation, the use of steel slag as a substitute for conventional ballast in railway tracks shows potential in reducing maintenance costs, improving track performance, and enhancing riding comfort. However, issues such as volume expansion and leaching of heavy metals need to be addressed.
TRANSPORTATION GEOTECHNICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Omer Faruk Apaydin, Murat Yilmaz
Summary: The study investigated the chemical, mineralogical, and aggregate properties of different basaltic rocks to evaluate their impact on ballast fouling. Results showed that SiO(2) and Al(2)O(3) content increased Los Angeles abrasion value, while Fe2O3, CaO, and MgO content decreased it. Plagioclase and opaque minerals were found to have a greater effect on ballast fouling in basalt aggregates.
BULLETIN OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jesus M. Romera, Ignacio Marcos, Marta Skaf, Vanesa Ortega-Lopez
Summary: An alternative experimental method for predicting the diagonal shear cracking resistance of steel-reinforced concrete beams is developed in this paper. By observing the flattening of load-strain curves when diagonal cracking propagates through the beams, the mechanical property can be determined accurately without subjective visual appraisals. This method provides a feasible way to study and compare the application of standard design code formulas to concretes containing specific aggregates.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sayyed Mehran Khoshoei, Hamid Mortazavi Bak, Sayyed Mahdi Abtahi, Sayyed Mahdi Hejazi, Babak Shahbodagh
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the cyclic behavior of steel slag ballast materials mixed with tire-derived aggregate (TDA), and found that the optimal percentage of TDA in the mixture is 10% by weight (16.5% by volume). The behavior of the ballast was affected by the TDA percentage, with settlement and damping ratio increasing, and breakage index and stiffness decreasing with higher TDA percentages.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Hsiao-Tsun Chien, Jia-Ruey Chang, Hui-Mi Hsu
Summary: Steel furnace slag is used as a replacement for natural aggregates in road paving, but the heavy metal components in it can overflow and form rust spots on the road's surface. This study proposes a method to detect the presence of steel furnace slag in asphalt concrete by analyzing pH value, magnetic attraction, and elemental composition.
CASE STUDIES IN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Wei -Chien Wang, Yun-Jie Mao
Summary: In this study, four types of electric arc furnace oxidizing slag (EOS) were examined to analyze the relationship between the composition of EOS and its expansibility. A pressure vessel pulverization rate test technique was developed to evaluate the expansibility of EOS. The agglomeration phenomenon and particle size were found to affect the pulverization rate, and the optimal autoclave temperature and pressure for testing were determined.
CASE STUDIES IN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Hongfei Yue, Sudong Hua, Hao Qian, Xiao Yao, Yanan Gao, Fan Jiang
Summary: This study investigated the use of spherical electric arc furnace slag (EAFS) to improve the flowability of 3D printed concrete (3DPC). Results showed that EAFS can enhance flowability, buildability, mechanical properties, and reduce pore volume of 3DPC, providing a promising alternative to traditional polycarboxylate ether superplasticizer (PCE).
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Tarek Uddin Mohammed, Aziz Hasan Mahmood, Shibly Mostafiz Apurbo, Munaz Ahmed Noor
Summary: This study investigates the potential of using waste induction furnace slag as a replacement for crushed brick aggregate in concrete, showing improvement in concrete mechanical performance and workability with the best results at 50% replacement. Additionally, fully replacing brick aggregate with IFS can significantly reduce the CO2 footprint of concrete and lower costs.
SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Pedro Marcelino, Maria de Lurdes Antunes, Eduardo Fortunato, Marta Castilho Gomes
Summary: This paper proposes a general machine learning approach for the development of pavement performance prediction models in pavement management systems, supporting different machine learning algorithms and emphasizing generalization performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PAVEMENT ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Bruno Guimaraes Delgado, Antonio Viana da Fonseca, Eduardo Fortunato, Laura Maria Goretti da Motta
Summary: This paper presents a study on the influence of particle morphology on the mechanical behavior of ballast in railway construction. The results show that steel slag aggregate, with its higher particle angularity, exhibits superior performance compared to traditional granite aggregate.
ENVIRONMENTAL GEOTECHNICS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Bruno Guimaraes Delgado, Antonio Viana da Fonseca, Eduardo Fortunato, Andre Paixao, Rubens Alves
Summary: Experimental and numerical comparisons were made between granite aggregate and electrical arc furnace steel slag aggregate for railway ballast, showing that the steel slag aggregate demonstrated superior performance and has the potential to be an ideal alternative material for ballast.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Eduardo Fortunato, Andre Paixao, Paulo Morais, Carlos Santos, Joao Morais, Jorge Cruz, Nuno Cruz
Summary: The research focuses on reinforcing the subgrade of old railway tracks by injecting grouts into short soil-binder columns formed by drilling through the ballast layer. The study shows a reduction of about 60-80% in settlement amplitudes of the reinforced physical models under cyclic loading, and a general reduction of about 15-20% in peak vertical accelerations measured on the sleepers after treatment, suggesting the proposed reinforcement method is a valid alternative for rehabilitating railway platforms, notably in old single-track lines.
TRANSPORTATION GEOTECHNICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Joao Morais, Paulo Morais, Carlos Santos, Andre Paixao, Eduardo Fortunato
Summary: This paper presents a novel methodology for evaluating the support conditions of railway tracks through modal analysis and observing characteristic frequencies. It demonstrates that this methodology can provide relevant information regarding the railway infrastructure.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART F-JOURNAL OF RAIL AND RAPID TRANSIT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Andre Paixao, Jose Muralha, Ricardo Resende, Eduardo Fortunato
Summary: Photogrammetry-based methods have become an important alternative for measuring the roughness of rock joints. By properly evaluating various aspects, comparable results to traditional methods can be achieved. Comparisons between 3D models generated with different settings and a reference model showed comparable accuracy and roughness parameters. Additionally, this method is more accessible, user-friendly, faster to implement, and less expensive than most current equipment and approaches.
ROCK MECHANICS AND ROCK ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
G. Castro, J. Pires, R. Motta, L. Bernucci, E. Fortunato, M. Futai
Summary: This study evaluates the effects of Brazilian southeastern tropical climate on subgrade hydraulic and structural behavior, as well as its effect on the railroad track substructure. It shows that both groundwater level and climate are crucial for evaluating the subgrade structural behavior, track design, and maintenance work. The results indicate that bituminous sub-ballast is more efficient than granular sub-ballast in terms of service life-cycle predictions.
TRANSPORTATION GEOTECHNICS
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Rubens Alves, Sara Rios, Eduardo Fortunato, Antonio Viana da Fonseca, Bruno Guimaraes Delgado
Summary: The slags and rubber from end-of-life tires pose challenges to the steel and tire industry due to economic and environmental issues. However, these industrial by-products have potential as substitutes for natural raw materials in transportation infrastructures, provided that the mechanical performance meets the required specifications.
Review
Engineering, Geological
Nelson Gomes Mica, Sara Rios, Antonio Viana da Fonseca, Eduardo Fortunato
Summary: The increasing demand for transport infrastructure development requires economically and environmentally viable alternatives to natural aggregates. Industrial by-products can effectively replace these materials, avoiding environmental impacts and providing a destination for the by-products. This study focuses on analyzing the chemical composition, physical and mechanical characteristics, swelling behavior, and leachate content of steelmaking slags for their suitability in the granular layers of transport infrastructures.
GEOTECHNICAL TESTING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Andre Paixao, Jose Nuno Varandas, Eduardo Fortunato
Summary: This study presents a three-dimensional finite element method to simulate the long-term behavior of railway tracks at transition zones, considering the plastic deformation of the ballast layer and the non-linearity of the dynamic vehicle-track interaction. By analyzing the behavior of transition zones in depth, it sheds light on the complex long-term response of these structures and their interdependency with the transient response of the train-track interaction.
FRONTIERS IN BUILT ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Qi Jiang, Wei Liu, Shaopeng Wu, Xuanwen Gou
Summary: This study analyzes the erosion mechanisms of NaCl solution on asphalt concrete and finds that NaCl solution softens asphalt and promotes the intrusion of crystalline salt into it. Salt crystallization alters the surface roughness of aggregates, resulting in a decrease in skid resistance but an improvement in compressive strength. Additionally, the concentration of NaCl solution initially has no significant impact on the mechanical performance of asphalt concrete, but its domination gradually increases with the intensification of cyclic effects.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Lili Kan, Lan-qing Dai, Ning Kong, Bin Peng, Fei Wang
Summary: This paper investigates the effect of freezing and thawing cycles on the tensile behavior of cracked ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC). The results show that long-term freezing and thawing action deteriorates the cracking strength, tensile strength, tensile strain, and strain energy of cracked UHPC. On the other hand, the action of water generally favors the development of tensile properties of UHPC. The crack distribution tends to be unsaturated under freezing and thawing environment, and the re-hydration reaction is hindered. The pore structure near the crack varies under different environments.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xin Xiao, Jingwei Li, Qingke Meng, Xiangshan Hou, Yanhui Liu, Xujiang Wang, Wenlong Wang, Shengtao Lu, Yuzhong Li, Yanpeng Mao, Tong Li
Summary: Preparing gypsum-based self-leveling mortar (GSLM) using beta-hemihydrate gypsum and solid wastes-derived sulfoaluminate cement (WSAC) can improve the mechanical performance of the mortar, but phosphorus impurities can weaken the hydration speed and degree.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sihang Bao, Junzhen Di, Yanrong Dong, Ziqing Gao, Qing Gu, Yuanfang Zhao, Hongyu Zhai
Summary: Tailings dam break and leakage accidents pose a threat to the safety of people in mining areas and cause severe environmental pollution. This study focuses on solidifying tailing sand using microbial induced calcite precipitation (MICP) to improve strength and fix heavy metals. The curing time of MICP bio-cemented tailings is found to significantly impact the strength of tailings, while its effect on heavy metal fixation is minimal. The optimized MICP curing time is 10 days, resulting in improved strength and cementation of tailings particles.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ferhat Benmahiddine, Fares Bennai, Achraf Charaka, Ameur El Amine Hamami, Abdelkader Tahakourt, Rafik Belarbi
Summary: This paper studied the effects of hysteresis on the hygrothermal behavior at the building scale. Through laboratory validation and numerical simulations, it was found that hysteresis has a significant impact on the relative humidity and total heat fluxes in buildings, while it does not have a noticeable effect on temperature variations.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
You Gao, Wei He, Xiayang Zhang, De'an Sun, Pei Li
Summary: This study determined the boundary line between the swelling and compression deformation zone in lateritic clay through wetting tests, and proposed a simple bimodal SWRC model. It also found that the existing strength model underestimated the tested values in the medium to high suction range, therefore a segmented strength equation was introduced for enhanced predictions of the strength properties of lateritic clay.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Prabhath Ranjan Kumar Soda, Asheer Mogal, Kalyan Chakravarthy, Nikhil Thota, Nimish Bandaru, Sanjay Kumar Shukla, K. M. Mini
Summary: This study investigates the use of encapsulated bacteria to improve the self-healing ability of concrete. Through various tests, it is found that using 20% cement-coated alginate beads (CCAB) and 5% nanosilica (NS) can achieve optimal strength and healing. This research is significant for enhancing the durability of concrete.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Shizhe Wang, Haiping Wu, Wen Yang, Wei Wang, Zhibo Zhu, Kun Nie, Luoxin Wang, Hua Wang, Jing Wu
Summary: In this study, photothermal-heat storage concrete (PHSC) was developed with excellent photothermal conversion performance and heat storage capacity. By absorbing and storing solar energy during the day and releasing it at night, PHSC can effectively reduce energy consumption in buildings.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Robin Deb, Jialuo He, Geetika Mishra, Yaghoob (Amir) Farnam
Summary: Incorporation techniques of phase change materials in cementitious composites have a significant influence on thermal properties. This study investigated the thermal behavior of low-temperature PCM when subjected to varying temperature change rates and pore confinement inside the porous network of lightweight aggregates. The results showed that ramp rates affect the nucleation and crystallization growth process during the phase transition, and the pore structure of the aggregates affects the supercooling phenomenon and confinement pressure of the PCM.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Eduardo Ferreira, Payam Sotoudeh, Dagmar Svecova
Summary: This study investigates the fatigue behavior of concrete under different stress reversal conditions. The results indicate that stress reversal generally causes more severe damage and reduces the cycles to failure compared to tensile fatigue. Additionally, adding some level of compression contributes to the energy required for failure under stress reversal fatigue. Specimens with higher concentration of fractured aggregates achieve longer fatigue lives.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Mag Raj Gehlot, Sandeep Shrivastava
Summary: This study evaluates the compatibility relationship between plaster bonds and the substrate under an accelerated aging environment, and finds that incorporating an appropriate amount of granite cutting waste can improve the strength parameters and adhesion of the cement mortar.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Min Zhang, Qirui Luo, Mingke Deng, Shixing Zhao
Summary: This study investigated the bond behavior between carbon FRCM composites with added short fibers and concrete substrates. The effects of different factors were considered and 36 specimens were tested and discussed. The experimental results were analyzed in terms of failure mode, load-slip curve, and characteristic parameters, and the contribution of weft yarns was taken into account in the developed bondslip model.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Dengkai Liu, Hongniao Chen, Ray Kai Leung Su
Summary: The susceptibility of building stones to fire and high temperature was investigated in this study by examining their physical and mechanical properties. The results show that both compressive and tensile properties of stones are affected by temperature changes. The tensile strength is particularly sensitive to temperature changes, requiring special attention to the components subjected to tensile stress in stone buildings. Principal component analysis was used to predict the mechanical properties of stones, providing a new method for calculating the residual mechanical properties after high temperature or fire.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Joso Maria Raposo, Eduardo Cavaco, Luis Costa Neves, Eduardo Julio
Summary: This paper investigates the correlation between the friction coefficient and the surface roughness of concrete-to-concrete interfaces. Experimental tests were performed on specimens with different surface treatments, and the surface roughness parameters were analyzed and correlated with the shear strength and friction coefficient. The results showed that certain roughness parameters had a strong positive correlation with the friction coefficient, while others had little or no correlation. A novel combined roughness parameter with optimized correlation was proposed.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Chiara Riccardi, Massimo Losa
Summary: The interest in using bio materials in asphalt pavements is growing due to economic reasons and environmental benefits. This study aimed to review the use of bio extenders as additives in binders, with a focus on replacements greater than 20% of fossil binder. The properties of bio-extended binders were found to vary substantially depending on the biomass source and production process.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
