Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jose-Ramon Aira-Zunzunegui, Maria Sanchez-Aparicio, Luis Javier Sanchez-Aparicio, Javier Pinilla-Melo, Soledad Garcia-Morales
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the capability of terrestrial laser scanning technology to detect moisture content in timber structures. An extensive experimental campaign was conducted under laboratory conditions, where wood samples were digitized using the Faro Focus 120 phase-shift laser scanner. The reflectance values of each 3D point cloud were related to the moisture content of the samples. The results suggest that the laser scanner could serve as a potential non-destructive tool for diagnosing wooden construction systems, as it can detect deformations and infer moisture content in specific areas of wood elements.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhouxin Xi, Chris Hopkinson
Summary: The treeiso model enables accurate isolation of individual trees from TLS scans, providing strong support for fine-scale forest management. Sensitivity analysis and parameter combination testing demonstrate the model's good accuracy and robustness in tree localization.
Article
Forestry
Sabrina A. Rodriguez, Piedad M. Cristiano, Oscar A. Lezcano, Teresa M. Suirezs, M. Virginia E. Diaz Villa, Sandra J. Bucci, Guillermo Goldstein, Paula Campanello
Summary: The study found that wood mechanical properties are related to growth rates and mortality modes of trees in a subtropical forest in Argentina. Trees with greater hardness and toughness in branches had higher uprooted mortality, while trees with greater branch stiffness were mostly broken. Mortality modes were also influenced by community properties such as liana load and number of neighboring trees.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jingjing Sun, Yi Lin
Summary: Allometric scaling studies are important for understanding the morphology, function, and behavior of trees in ecology. This study investigated the allometric relationships between branch lengths in 3D vector mode using a detailed quantitative structure model and 3D point cloud data. The results showed that the scalar and vector relationships between branch lengths and the lengths of cumulative child branches were similar among trees. The relationships between the horizontal and vertical components of branch lengths and the cumulative lengths of child branches differed significantly.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kenneth Olofsson, Johan Holmgren
Summary: A new algorithm for detecting branch attachments on stems based on a voxel approach and line object detection by a voting procedure is introduced. This algorithm can be used to evaluate the quality of stems by giving the branch density of each standing tree. The detected branches were evaluated using field-sampled trees. The algorithm detected 63% of the total amount of branch whorls and 90% of the branch whorls attached in the height interval from 0 to 10 m above ground. The suggested method could be used to create maps of forest stand stem quality data.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Kai Tan, Weiguo Zhang, Zhen Dong, Xiaolong Cheng, Xiaojun Cheng
Summary: Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) technology can effectively retrieve the structural and biophysical attributes of trees by separating leaf and wood points using intensity and density data. The proposed method shows a high accuracy and efficiency in separating leaf and wood points, and can be robustly applied to various trees with different characteristics.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Adil Enis Arslan, Esra Erten, Muhittin Inan
Summary: The study highlights the importance of Leaf Area Index (LAI) in forestry applications and discusses the current trends in calculating LAI values using TLS data and novel techniques. The case study conducted in Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa research forest demonstrates that segmentation and removal of wood materials from forest point cloud data using neural network algorithms and connected component analysis methods, despite being time and resource consuming, have a promising future in calculating effective LAI values for large areas.
Article
Agronomy
Aline Bornand, Nataliia Rehush, Felix Morsdorf, Esther Thurig, Meinrad Abegg
Summary: This study evaluates the correlation between individual tree volume estimation methods based on 3D reconstruction and existing models, and determines the relationship between geometric parameters obtained from laser scanning data and tree volume. The results show that geometric parameters can effectively estimate tree volume, especially for coniferous species. This is crucial for calibration and validation of biomass mapping products based on remote sensing data.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Daniel Schraik, Aarne Hovi, Miina Rautiainen
Summary: The clumping of coniferous needles into shoots is a recognized structural feature in radiation regime models, but higher level clumping is often overlooked. Clumping reduces light interception and increases light penetration depth. The authors propose a new method to quantify clumping at different levels using laser scanning data.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Harry J. F. Owen, William R. M. Flynn, Emily R. Lines
Summary: Tree crown morphology plays a crucial role in forest dynamics by determining competitiveness and competitive effects. This study used Terrestrial Laser Scanning to measure crown metrics of different tree species in a water-limited forest community in Spain, and found that competition negatively impacted crown metrics, with pines more sensitive to larger competitors and oaks more affected by crowding from all neighbors. The study highlights the importance of considering competition and neighbor effects in understanding tree crown morphology.
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Yuxing Cao, Jiepeng Liu, Shenqiang Feng, Dongsheng Li, Sheng Zhang, Hongtuo Qi, Guozhong Cheng, Y. Frank Chen
Summary: This paper proposes a fully automatic approach for building indoor acceptance using TLS technology, including indoor segmentation and FQA. The method utilizes geometric features for indoor segmentation and applies continuous wavelet transform and simulated manual method for FQA, proving the validity and efficiency of the approach through tests on point cloud data.
Article
Geography, Physical
Wenxia Dai, Yiheng Jiang, Wen Zeng, Ruibo Chen, Yongyang Xu, Ningning Zhu, Wen Xiao, Zhen Dong, Qingfeng Guan
Summary: This study proposes a novel multi-directional collaborative convolutional neural network (MDC-Net) for wood-leaf separation from terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) data, which is crucial for quantifying biophysical properties and understanding ecological functions. The MDC-Net incorporates multi-directional neighborhood construction and collaborative feature encoding to mitigate occlusion effects and enhance discrimination for thin structures. Experimental results demonstrate that the MDC-Net outperforms other methods and has the potential to facilitate the usage of TLS in ecology studies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DIGITAL EARTH
(2023)
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Afrooz Aryan, Frederic Bosche, Pingbo Tang
Summary: Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) is an efficient method for collecting point clouds with various applications in the AEC domain. Ensuring data quality and time efficiency in data collection is crucial, which can be achieved through prior planning optimization process known as Planning for Scanning (P4S). Past research has focused on categorizing point cloud data quality criteria and addressing the optimization problem in P4S by considering inputs, constraints, and algorithms utilized.
AUTOMATION IN CONSTRUCTION
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Kristijan Radmanovic, Robert Roginic, Ruzica Beljo Lucic, Juraj Jovanovic, Matija Jug, Tomislav Sedlar, Branimir Safran
Summary: The mechanical properties of beech wood samples exposed to compressive force in the longitudinal direction were analyzed based on different loading rates. Stress-strain diagrams were made and various properties were determined, showing an increase in elastic properties with higher loading rates while the plastic properties did not show a clear tendency of changes.
Article
Forestry
Siti Hanifah Mahdiyanti, Tetsuya Inagaki, Muhammad Rosyid Ridho, Sri Nugroho Marsoem, Satoru Tsuchikawa
Summary: This study investigated the effect of heat treatment on the thermal behavior properties of Neolamarckia cadamba wood. Through near-infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry, the chemical changes and thermal behavior of the wood before and after heat treatment were measured. Two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy analysis was used to evaluate the data. The results showed that this non-destructive analysis technique provided new insights into the thermal degradation of wood.
WOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Martin Jacobs, Andreas Rais, Hans Pretzsch
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Forestry
Andreas Rais, Hans Pretzsch, Jan-Willem G. van de Kuilen
Article
Forestry
Andreas Rais, Werner Poschenrieder, Jan-Willem G. van de Kuilen, Hans Pretzsch
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Forestry
Andreas Rais, Jan-Willem G. van de Kuilen, Hans Pretzsch
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2020)
Article
Forestry
A. Khaloian Sarnaghi, A. Rais, A. Kovryga, W. F. Gard, J. W. G. van de Kuilen
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS
(2020)
Article
Forestry
Andreas Rais, Enno Uhl, Jan-Willem G. van de Kuilen, Hans Pretzsch
Summary: This study analyzed the short-term allocation pattern of a tree under varying weather conditions, finding that rainfall significantly influenced annual taper change. The findings suggest that precipitation during the vegetation period can accelerate bole taper, highlighting the importance of considering weather conditions in understanding tree allometry.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Andreas Rais, Martin Bacher, Ani Khaloian-Sarnaghi, Monika Zeilhofer, Andriy Kovryga, Francesco Fontanini, Torben Hilmers, Maximilian Westermayr, Martin Jacobs, Hans Pretzsch, Jan-Willem van de Kuilen
Summary: The study investigated the use of an industrial scanner and wood parameters for hardwood strength assessment, finding that combining fiber orientation data and dynamic modulus can improve the accuracy of predicting tensile strength of European beech boards. The board section with the largest average local fiber orientation defined the grading parameter, which is important for hardwood strength grading.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Martin Jacobs, Andreas Rais, Hans Pretzsch
Summary: This study introduced a new method for efficiently monitoring tree vitality, focusing on changes in tree shape due to drought stress in Norway spruce and European beech. The results showed that drought stress led to smaller crown size, reduced height growth, increased crown transparency, and changes in crown roughness. Additionally, the study found significant differences in crown projection area, height increment, and crown roughness between trees under drought conditions and those in normal growing conditions.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Hans Pretzsch, Andreas Rais, Deon Malherbe, Antonio Ruano, Hugo Lambrechts, Enno Uhl, Ben du Toit
Summary: The study reveals that the different silvicultural prescriptions, such as thinning from above and below, have varying impacts on the quantity and quality of trees harvested, with dominant trees showing larger tree diameter and crown projection area compared to subdominant trees. Additionally, competition pressure influences the growth patterns, with dominant trees exhibiting degressively asymptotic diameter growth and subdominant trees displaying competitive pressure-induced S-shaped growth curves.
SOUTHERN FORESTS-A JOURNAL OF FOREST SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Maximilian Westermayr, Monika Zeilhofer, Andreas Rais, Andriy Kovryga, Jan-Willem G. Van de Kuilen
Summary: Despite an increase in beech stock in Central European forests, the market share of European beech wood in the construction sector is low. This study suggests that more efficient sawing techniques, higher lamella grading yields, and solving of adhesion challenges can increase the competitiveness of beech glulam and promote its use. The results show that a machine grading approach with dynamic modulus of elasticity as a single grading criterion can achieve higher yields and reliable tensile strength prediction.
Article
Forestry
Andreas Rais, Andriy Kovryga, Hans Pretzsch, Jan-Willem G. van de Kuilen
Summary: The conversion to climate-stable, resilient and productive forests has resulted in an increasing share of mixed stands. This study quantified the variation in strength of European beech timber from stands of different composition and showed the impact of grading on the characteristic strength value of timber coming from those stands. The results highlight the importance of considering the various growth situations in forests when sampling material for strength grading.
WOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Andreas Rais, Jan-Willem G. Van de Kuilen
WOOD MATERIAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2017)
Article
Forestry
Andreas Rais, Enrico Ursella, Enrico Vicario, Federico Giudiceandrea
ANNALS OF FOREST SCIENCE
(2017)
Article
Forestry
Werner Poschenrieder, Andreas Rais, Jan-Willem G. van de Kuilen, Hans Pretzsch
