Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xinhui Yu, Yanjie Wang, Lei Yan, Yanhong Wang, Jiaxin Lu, Yubo Huang, Shaojie Bi, Weidong Wang
Summary: The present study aimed to evaluate the anaerobic co-digestion process of chicken manure and corn stover to identify the key parameters that influence methane production. Results showed that co-digestion enhanced methane production, with an optimal chicken manure to corn stover ratio of 2:1. The inclusion of chicken manure proved effective in improving buffer capacity by generating ammonium bicarbonate, which facilitated stable operation during the digestion process. These findings offer valuable insights into optimizing anaerobic co-digestion to achieve higher methane production levels.
FERMENTATION-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yao Lu, Liang Zhang, Xiaoyu Zuo, Beibei Yan, Xiujin Li, Hairong Yuan
Summary: This study investigated the depolymerization products, biomethane production, and microbial community of corn stover depolymerized with urea using a hydrothermal approach. The addition of urea facilitated the breakage of the ester bonds in lignocellulose structure, increasing the levels of volatile fatty acids and phenol. Depolymerization with 2% urea and 10 min of hydrothermal time produced higher cumulative biomethane yield. The combined depolymerization enhanced the acetate-methane pathway by promoting the growth of specific microbial species, resulting in increased biomethane production.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qiong Yu, Shaofeng Cui, Chen Sun, Ronghou Liu, Manobendro Sarker, Zhijian Guo, Ruiyin Lai
Summary: The study analyzed the pretreatment effects and synergistic effects of anaerobic co-digestion of corn stover and chicken manure. The NaOH-H(2)O(2) pretreatment was more effective in promoting anaerobic digestion compared to urea pretreatment, with the best results achieved at a mixing ratio of 1:3. Synergistic effects were observed at specific mixing ratios for both types of pretreated corn stover.
APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xinning Huang, Xinying Miao, Xiaodong Chu, Lina Luo, Hongqiong Zhang, Yong Sun
Summary: This study investigated the effects of biochar addition on internal environmental changes and gas production characteristics in a semi-continuous anaerobic co-digestion (AcoD) reactor with biogas slurry recirculation. The results showed that biochar addition enhanced the degradation and metabolic pathways of acetate and propionate, resulting in decreased concentrations of volatile fatty acids, total ammonia, and chemical oxygen demand. The addition of biochar also improved the stability of the system and increased the abundance of certain bacterial groups and methanogenic pathways. This study provides scientific and technical support for the application of biochar in improving the stability of biogas projects.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
M. A. Tawfik, W. E. Abd Allah, Atiya Ezzat, M. K. Afify, Ahmed Mahdy
Summary: By co-digesting corn stover with quail manure and alkaline pretreatment, using NaOH, the challenges of low carbon/nitrogen ratio, recalcitrant nature, and enhanced methane production are overcome. The best results were obtained with 50/50 mixture and 2.5% NaOH pretreated corn stover, showing significant lignin reduction, organics solubilization, and methane yield enhancement. The synergistic effect of C/N ratio and hydrolysis rate acceleration was identified as the key contributing factor.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Lu Di, Quanguo Zhang, Fang Wang, Hao Wang, Hongkang Liu, Weiming Yi, Zhiping Zhang, Deli Zhang
Summary: This study found that loading nano-Fe3O4 particles on biochar can improve the stability and CH4 production efficiency of the AD system under high ammonia nitrogen concentration. The porous structure of biochar can immobilize and enrich microorganisms, while the loading of nano-Fe3O4 particles helps mitigate the inhibition caused by ammonia nitrogen and substantially increase CH4 yield.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Md Mosleh Uddin, Zhiyou Wen, Mark Mba Wright
Summary: This study comprehensively analyzes the economic and environmental impacts of using biochar in anaerobic digestion technology. The research shows that biochar addition can significantly reduce the selling price of renewable natural gas and decrease greenhouse gas emissions.
Article
Polymer Science
Yao Lu, Hairong Yuan, Xiaoyu Zuo, Yanqing Chang, Xiujin Li
Summary: This study focuses on improving the biodegradability of corn stover (CS) for anaerobic digestion (AD). By combining urea with mild temperature hydrotherm pretreatment, researchers found that the pretreatment significantly increased biomethane yield and volatile solid removal rates. Furthermore, altering the microstructure of CS through pretreatment had a positive impact on the microbial community.
Article
Agronomy
Xiaohong Su, Jingbo Qu, Yan Huang, Wei Liu, Yong Sun
Summary: Reflux of biogas slurry is an effective way to reduce wastewater discharge. This study investigated the pretreatment of biogas slurry using microfiltration membrane and biochar adsorption. The results showed that the combination of 0.65 μm microfiltration and 7 g/L biochar had the best filtration and adsorption effects. The anaerobic co-digestion of the pretreated reflux fluid and corn stover resulted in advanced gas production and higher methane production.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhong Xie, Hua Zou, Yi Zheng, Shan-Fei Fu
Summary: Solid-state urea pretreatment was developed to remove lignin, disrupt the dense structure, and regulate the C/N ratio of corn straw, resulting in increased methane production and higher nutrient content in the digestate.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Shuaishuai Ma, Longrui Li, Xiurong Ren, Wanbin Zhu, Hongliang Wang
Summary: This study proposes an innovative method using CO2 and ALD as pretreatment reagents for corn stover in biomethane production. The results show that CO2-ALD pretreatment significantly increases biomethane yield and disrupts the structure of lignocellulose.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hai-Gang Guo, Qian Li, Lei-Lei Wang, Qing-Lin Chen, Hang-Wei Hu, Dong-Juan Cheng, Ji-Zheng He
Summary: This study investigated the effect of different TS levels on the relative cumulative methane production during anaerobic co-digestion. The results showed that 15% TS level reduced ammonia nitrogen release, increased the abundance of specific bacteria, and improved methane production.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ahmed Tawfik, Mohamed Eraky, Ahmed I. I. Osman, Ping Ai, Zhongbo Zhou, Fangang Meng, David W. W. Rooney
Summary: Adopting waste-to-wealth strategies and circular economy models can help reduce biowaste and add value. Chicken manure can be converted into renewable energy through anaerobic digestion, but certain limiting factors need to be considered. Strategies to enhance digestion include co-digestion with other materials, addition of additives, and improving the bacterial community. Valorization of chicken manure can be achieved through composting, pyrolysis, and gasification. The use of chemicals such as biochar and conducting materials can also improve anaerobic digestion.
ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2023)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Tien Ngo, Esmaeil Shahsavari, Kalpit Shah, Aravind Surapaneni, Andrew S. Ball
Summary: There is increasing interest in using anaerobic digestion to treat organic waste and generate renewable energy. Livestock manure is the largest source of organic waste in most countries, but its high protein content poses challenges for anaerobic digestion. Various methods, including the addition of biochar, have been used to mitigate ammonia stress.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
A. A. Ajayi-Banji, S. Sunoj, C. Igathinathane, S. Rahman
Summary: Long lag phase and reactor instability pose challenges for describing and predicting methane yield in upset solid-state anaerobic digestion. Seven kinetic models were used for treatment evaluation, with different models best describing methane yield for different treatments. Predicting optimal hydraulic retention time for the least inhibited treatment can aid in reactor design and methane yield simulation.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xianpu Zhu, Dominic Yellezuome, Ronghou Liu, Zengzhen Wang, Xin Liu
Summary: This study found that co-digestion of food waste, corn straw, and chicken manure in group A of two-stage anaerobic digestion resulted in higher hydrogen and methane production efficiency, as well as a higher bioavailability of trace elements within a wider range. Increased abundance of hydrogenotrophic methanogens reflected improved efficiency in two-stage methane co-digestion.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yifeng He, Ronghou Liu, Dominic Yellezuome, Wanxi Peng, Meisam Tabatabaei
Summary: This study focuses on the upgrading of biomass-derived bio-oil through catalytic hydrogenation. A new catalyst, Rh/ZrO2, was developed with high deoxygenation ability. Catalytic hydrogenation can remove oxygen from bio-oil and reduce its oxygen content, thereby enhancing its potential as a biofuel.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Yingkai Li, Dominic Yellezuome, Ronghou Liu, Junmeng Cai, Yu Gao
Summary: In this study, the product selectivity and kinetics of poplar sawdust catalytic pyrolysis over bi-metallic Fe-Ni/ZSM-5 were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis and Py-GC/MS. The results showed that Fe-Ni/ZSM-5 exhibited higher selectivity towards monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons compared to monometallic catalysts. The addition of Fe-Ni/ZSM-5 also reduced the activation energy of the pyrolysis process, making it a potentially valuable catalyst for biomass conversion.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jianfeng Zou, Hangli Hu, Yuan Xue, Chong Li, Yingkai Li, Dominic Yellezuome, Fang He, Xingguang Zhang, Md Maksudur Rahman, Junmeng Cai
Summary: Pyrolysis is a promising method for converting waste biomass to energy and chemicals. This study investigates the kinetics of pyrolysis processes using the generalized logistic mixture model and reveals its accuracy in describing the pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. Furthermore, the effects of acid washing on cellulose components are examined.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yingkai Li, Nishu, Dominic Yellezuome, Chong Li, Ronghou Liu
Summary: This study evaluated the deactivation process and regeneration effects of bimetallic Fe-Ni/ZSM-5 catalysts in the catalytic pyrolysis of poplar sawdust. The results showed that the deoxygenation activity and hydrocarbon yield of the catalyst were influenced by the biomass/catalyst ratio. The coke resistance capacity of the catalyst was increased, and the regenerated catalyst retained deoxygenation activity with slightly reduced aromatic yield.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Jiong Wang, Dominic Yellezuome, Zhiyi Zhang, Shengyong Liu, Jie Lu, Pin Zhang, Shuqing Zhang, Ping Wen, Md Maksudur Rahman, Chong Li, Junmeng Cai
Summary: Through the study, it was found that the activation energy for biomass samples varied significantly in different conversion ranges, and the frequency factor values also varied within the same conversion ranges for different samples. The average change in Gibbs free energy for the pyrolysis of pinewood sawdust and sugarcane bagasse was 207.5 and 205.8 kJ/mol, respectively. The difference between activation energy and enthalpy for the pyrolysis of both biomass samples was approximately 5.5 kJ/mol, indicating favorable product formation with considerable bioenergy potential.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2022)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Dominic Yellezuome, Xianpu Zhu, Zengzhen Wang, Ronghou Liu
Summary: This review article provides a comprehensive overview of current progress in ammonia stripping technologies applicable to anaerobic digestion systems. The findings indicate that the performance of an ammonia stripping process largely depends on the pH, temperature, and gas flow rate, and optimization is required to attain high efficiency. Side-stream and post-treatment ammonia stripping have the potential to significantly reduce ammonia concentration and avert ammonia inhibition during biogas production.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Jianfeng Zou, Hangli Hu, Md Maksudur Rahman, Dominic Yellezuome, Fang He, Xingguang Zhang, Junmeng Cai
Summary: Biomass pyrolysis is an important method for converting biomass into fuels and chemicals for sustainability and carbon neutralization. This study proposed a hybrid optimization method to accurately determine the parameters of the distributed activation energy model and successfully reproduced experimental data.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yichen Wang, Yingkai Li, Chong Li, Meiyun Chai, Dominic Yellezuome, Ronghou Liu
Summary: This study investigated the product distribution from the catalytic pyrolysis of bamboo residue and its three main extracted components. The addition of Cu modified ZSM-5 catalyst reduced phenols and increased monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs). The relative content of MAHs increased by 66.67% over Cu(2)/ZSM-5. Cellulose produced 3.03 times more MAHs than bamboo residue during catalytic pyrolysis over Cu(2)/ZSM-5.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Dominic Yellezuome, Xianpu Zhu, Xin Liu, Xuwei Liu, Ronghou Liu, Zengzhen Wang, Yingkai Li, Chen Sun, Mohamed Hemida Abd-Alla, Abdel-Hamied M. Rasmey
Summary: The high impurity concentration of biogas limits its commercial utilization. This review focuses on the integration of two-stage anaerobic digestion process with in situ biogas upgrading technologies, discussing their principles, influencing factors, research progress, and technical challenges. pH, alkalinity, and hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis are identified as crucial factors influencing these technologies. pH fluctuation and low gas-liquid mass transfer of H-2 are major technical challenges that hinder the full-scale application of in situ upgrading techniques. The review proposes integrating two-stage anaerobic digestion with various in situ upgrading techniques to overcome these constraints and advance the development and commercialization of these techniques.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zhiyi Zhang, Yingkai Li, Laipeng Luo, Dominic Yellezuome, Md Maksudur Rahman, Jianfeng Zou, Hangli Hu, Junmeng Cai
Summary: The study systematically investigates the applicability and accuracy of kinetic and thermodynamic methods in biomass pyrolysis processes. The Friedman method provides accurate activation energies, while the KAS and FWO isoconversional methods lead to systematic errors. The conventional method for determining thermodynamic parameters is based on the conversion rate peak temperature, which has no theoretical basis.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xianpu Zhu, Zengzhen Wang, Dominic Yellezuome, Ronghou Liu, Xin Liu, Chen Sun, Mohamed Hemida Abd-Alla, Abdel-Hamied M. Rasmey
Summary: This study investigated the effects of adding Fe, Co, and Ni as trace elements to the anaerobic digestion of food waste. The results showed that TE supplementation significantly improved VFA conversion and methane production, particularly in the Ni and Co groups. The optimal group received 5 mg/L Ni supplementation and saw a significant increase in methane production. Additionally, the composition of fermentative microbes and dominant methanogens shifted in the TE supplementation groups, suggesting a potential role of TE supplementation in enhancing AD performance.
WASTE AND BIOMASS VALORIZATION
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Yingkai Li, Meiyun Chai, Chong Li, Dominic Yellezuome, Ronghou Liu
Summary: Detailed kinetic and thermodynamic studies of the three main components (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) of lignocellulosic biomass extracted from bamboo residues were conducted using thermogravimetric analysis. Kinetic parameters showed the average activation energy of the three components to be cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. The dominant mechanism in the pyrolysis process was found to be diffusion based on master plots. Thermodynamic analysis revealed the endothermic and non-spontaneous nature of the pyrolysis process.
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Chong Li, Dominic Yellezuome, Yingkai Li, Ronghou Liu, Junmeng Cai, Junmeng Cai
Summary: In this study, bi-metallic modified HZSM-5 was used to enhance bio-aromatics yield in bio-oil from catalytic pyrolysis of bamboo residues. The results showed that Fe and Zn co-modified HZSM-5 promoted deoxygenation activity and monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons yield, with Zn modified HZSM-5 catalyst yielding higher aromatics than Fe modified HZSM-5. However, when the catalyst to biomass mass ratio exceeded 2:1, the yield of aromatics decreased.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ning Nie, Yinuo Wang, Dominic Yellezuome, Xiaojie Liu, Pengxiao Wang, Xiaoya Wang, Congbin Zhu, Jinbin Xiao, Junmeng Cai
Summary: This study aimed to explore the kinetic mechanism of switchgrass pyrolysis through isoconversional kinetic analysis and master plots approach. The experimental kinetic data of switchgrass pyrolysis was processed by the iterative linear integral isoconversional method and the obtained effective activation energies varied significantly with conversion. Based on the master plots approach and the general empirical reaction model, the pyrolysis kinetic process of switchgrass pyrolysis followed a specific reaction model and a kinetic compensation effect between the frequency factor and activation energy was discovered.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Yinping Xiang, Meiying Jia, Rui Xu, Jialu Xu, Lele He, Haihao Peng, Weimin Sun, Dongbo Wang, Weiping Xiong, Zhaohui Yang
Summary: This study investigated the impact of the non-antibiotic pharmaceutical carbamazepine on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) during anaerobic digestion. The results showed that carbamazepine induced the enrichment of ARGs and increased the abundance of bacteria carrying these genes. It also facilitated microbial aggregation and intercellular communication, leading to an increased frequency of ARGs transmission. Moreover, carbamazepine promoted the acquisition of ARGs by pathogens and elevated their overall abundance.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Weixin Zhao, Tianyi Hu, Hao Ma, Dan Li, Qingliang Zhao, Junqiu Jiang, Liangliang Wei
Summary: This review summarizes the effects and potential mechanisms of biochar on microbial behavior in AD systems. The addition of biochar has been found to promote microbial colonization, alleviate stress, provide nutrients, and enhance enzyme activity. Future research directions include targeted design of biochar, in-depth study of microbial mechanisms, and improved models.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Christina Karmann, Anna Magrova, Pavel Jenicek, Jan Bartacek, Vojtech Kouba
Summary: This review assesses nitrogen removal technologies in reject water treatment, highlighting the differences in environmental impacts and economic benefits. Partial nitritation-anammox shows potential for economic benefits and positive environmental outcomes when operated and controlled properly.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Wei-Hao Huang, Ying-Ju Chang, Duu-Jong Lee
Summary: This study modified pinecone biochar with layered double hydroxide (LDH) to enhance its adsorption capacity for heavy metal and phosphate ions. The LDH-biochar showed significantly improved adsorption capacities for Pb2+ and phosphate, and a slight increase for Cu2+ and Co2+. The LDH layer enhanced the adsorption through various mechanisms.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Chao Song, Fanfan Cai, Shuang Yang, Ligong Wang, Guangqing Liu, Chang Chen
Summary: This paper developed a machine learning model to predict the biochemical methane potential during anaerobic digestion. Model analysis identified lignin content, organic loading, and nitrogen content as key attributes for methane production prediction. For feedstocks with high cellulose content, early methane production is lower but can be improved by prolonging digestion time. Moreover, lignin content exceeding a certain value significantly inhibits methane production.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Sang Min Lee, Ju Young Lee, Ji-Sook Hahn, Seung-Ho Baek
Summary: This study successfully developed an efficient platform strain using Yarrowia lipolytica for the bioconversion of renewable resources into adipic acid, achieving a remarkable increase in production level.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Sefkan Kendir, Matthias Franzreb
Summary: This study presents a novel approach using magnetic separation to efficiently harvest freshwater microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris. By combining pH-induced calcium phosphate precipitation with cheap natural magnetite microparticles, harvesting efficiencies up to 98% were achieved in the model medium.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Ishaq Kariim, Ji-Yeon Park, Wajahat Waheed Kazmi, Hulda Swai, In-Gu Lee, Thomas Kivevele
Summary: The impact of reaction temperature, residence time, and ethanol: acetone on the energy compositions and yield enhancement of biocrudes was investigated. The results showed that under appropriate conditions, biocrudes with high energy and low oxygen content can be obtained, indicating a high potential for utilization.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xiyue Zhang, Xiyao Li, Liang Zhang, Yongzhen Peng
Summary: Intermittent aeration is an innovative approach to enhance nitrogen removal in low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio municipal sewage, providing an efficient strategy for the continuous plug-flow AOA process.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xu Yang, Mahmoud Mazarji, Mengtong Li, Aohua Li, Ronghua Li, Zengqiang Zhang, Junting Pan
Summary: This study investigated the impact of magnetite on the nitrogen cycle of pig manure biostabilisation. The addition of magnetite increased N2O emissions and decreased NH3 emissions during composting. It also increased the total nitrogen content but should be considered for its significant increase in N2O emissions in engineering practice.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Ty Shitanaka, Haylee Fujioka, Muzammil Khan, Manpreet Kaur, Zhi-Yan Du, Samir Kumar Khanal
Summary: The market value of microalgae has exponentially increased in the past two decades, thanks to their applications in various industries. However, the supply of high-value microalgal bioproducts is limited due to several factors, and strategies are being explored to overcome these limitations and improve microalgae production, thus increasing the availability of algal-derived bioproducts in the market.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Martin Kerner, Thorsten Wolff, Torsten Brinkmann
Summary: The efficiency of using enriched CO2 from flue gas for large-scale production of green microalgae has been studied. The results show that the use of membrane devices and static mixers can effectively improve the CO2 recovery rate and maintain the suitable pH and temperature during cultivation, achieving a more economical and sustainable microalgae production.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Rui Ma, Ji Li, Rd Tyagi, Xiaolei Zhang
Summary: This review summarizes the microorganisms capable of using CO2 and CH4 to produce PHAs, illustrating the production process, factors influencing it, and discussing optimization techniques. It identifies the challenges and future prospects for developing economically viable PHAs production using GHGs as a carbon source.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Bing Wang, Peng Zhang, Xu Guo, Xu Bao, Junjie Tian, Guomin Li, Jian Zhang
Summary: The addition of zeolite in the co-composting of chicken manure and straw significantly reduced the emissions of ammonia and N2O, and increased the nitrate content. Zeolite also promoted the abundance of nitrification genes and inhibited the expression of denitrification genes.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Rohit Dey, Franziska Ortiz Tena, Song Wang, Josef Martin Messmann, Christian Steinweg, Claudia Thomsen, Clemens Posten, Stefan Leu, Matthias S. Ullrich, Laurenz Thomsen
Summary: This study investigated the operation of a 1000L microalgae-based membrane photobioreactor system for continuous secondary wastewater treatment. The research focused on a green microalgae strain called Desmodesmus sp. The study aimed to understand key trends and optimization strategies by conducting experiments in both summer and winter seasons. The findings showed that maintaining low cell concentrations during periods of light inhibition was beneficial for nutrient uptake rates. Effective strategies for enhancing algae-based wastewater treatment included cell mass recycling and adjusting dilution rates based on light availability.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
