期刊
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
卷 45, 期 8, 页码 3558-3563出版社
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c5dt03366g
关键词
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资金
- Science and Technology Research Council of A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore
Hydrogenation of levulinic acid (LA) to gamma-valerolactone (GVL) was studied by using mono- and bidentate p-cymene ruthenium(II) N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes as catalyst precursors. In water, all complexes were found to be reduced in situ to form ruthenium nanoparticles (RuNPs) with a high hydrogenation activity. In organic solvents, complexes with monodentate NHC ligands also formed nanoparticles, while complexes with bidentate ligands gave rise to stable homogeneous catalysts with moderate hydrogenation activities.
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