Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Bao D. Ho, Jason P. Beech, Jonas O. Tegenfeldt
Summary: By combining deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) with electrokinetics, this study demonstrates the sorting of cells based on differences in membrane and/or internal structures, and successfully separates different cell types in experiments. The significant change in zeta potential or dielectrophoretic mobility at different frequencies is utilized to achieve cell separation.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Tomoki Murakami, Keiichiro Koiwai, Hiroaki Suzuki
Summary: The study demonstrated the effectiveness of using the DLD method to separate hemocytes of shrimp based on size, allowing for the analysis of immune-related gene expression differences between cell populations. This microfluidics-based technology proves to be a valuable tool for studying nonmodel organisms with poorly established cell characteristics.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Lijun Chen, Shijie Liang, Zhenshi Chen, Xifa Liang, Qingming Chen
Summary: Optofluidics combines optics and microfluidics to create novel devices with high flexibility and compatibility. By utilizing electronic fabrication techniques and flexible regulation of microfluidics, electrically actuated optofluidics achieves excellent optical functions. This paper reviews the working principle and recent development of electrical optofluidic devices, such as optical lens/microscope, beam steering, and in-plane light manipulation. The applications of electrical microfluidics are also discussed, and two novel designs derived from electrowetting and dielectrophoresis are introduced to stimulate the development of electrically controlled liquid lens.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Benjamin H. Wunsch, Kuan Yu Hsieh, Sung-Cheol Kim, Michael Pereira, Stanislav Lukashov, Chris Scerbo, John M. Papalia, Elizabeth A. Duch, Gustavo Stolovitzky, Stacey M. Gifford, Joshua T. Smith
Summary: The study improved nanoscale deterministic lateral displacement (nanoDLD) for separating nanoscopic colloids, developing integrated nanoDLD (i-nanoDLD) enrichment devices with high-density array scaling and parallel operation, achieving high throughput and concentration effects. By serially using high-throughput enrichment and purification chips, successful purification of target colloid samples was achieved, with improved operational lifetime.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ahmad Sherbaz, Busra M. K. Konak, Pegah Pezeshkpour, Barbara Di Ventura, Bastian E. Rapp
Summary: Deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) is a microfluidic technique used for particle separation, which has the potential for integration into bioreactors for therapeutic applications. In this study, a DLD microchip was designed to separate rod-shaped bacterial cells from submicron spherical minicells. The geometrical parameters of the microchip were optimized to achieve a separation efficiency as high as 75.5% on a single-stage separation.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Yanjuan Wang, Chengxiao Wang, Yunfei Zhang, Meiqi Han, Yangjinyu Li, Shanyu Jin, Haiqi He
Summary: A two-stage CTCs separation method combining DLD and DEP technology based on microfluidic chips was proposed and verified to efficiently isolate and enrich CTCs in peripheral blood, with a separation efficiency of 91% and a purity of 80.7% for H322 cells. This method provides a useful reference for the separation and enrichment of CTCs.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Behnam Rezaei, Mahdi Moghimi Zand, Reza Javidi
Summary: This study investigated the effects of asymmetry caused by changing downstream gap size to lateral gap size ratio on fluid behavior and particle trajectories in DLD devices. Simulations showed that increasing downstream gap size while fixing lateral gap size increases veering flow rate and width. Results can lead to a better understanding of DLD devices' functions and improve designs and experiments.
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mahnoush Tayebi, Dahou Yang, David J. Collins, Ye Ai
Summary: Active sorting via acoustic and electric fields has potential in microscale separation activities, with the combination of these techniques taking advantage of multiple force mechanisms simultaneously. The concurrent application of dielectrophoretic (DEP) and acousto-phoretic forces has been shown to decrease the critical diameter at which particles can be separated, allowing for efficient sorting of subpopulations of extracellular vesicles. Using a combined acoustic/electric approach, exosome purification with high purity and recovery rates has been demonstrated.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Pavan Pandit, G. L. Samuel
Summary: In this research, the authors have utilized laser micromachining to fabricate micro features in microfluidic devices for particle separation. By appropriately placing microposts, the authors achieved separation of particles in the size range of 5-17 micrometers. The effect of tilt angles on fluid flow and particle deformation was also studied.
APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Moheb Amir Mahani, Ahmad Naseri Karimvand, Naser Naserifar
Summary: This work combines multiorifice fluid fractionation with dielectrophoresis-based actuator to create a new device for size-based particle separation. The addition of the actuator improves the performance and expands the range of flow rates for separation.
JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yanjuan Wang, Junsheng Wang, Yanghao Wu, Jianhong Dong
Summary: This study proposed a microfluidic microalgae enrichment and purification system based on the principle of deterministic lateral displacement (DLD), with two different shapes of micro-posts designed. The experimental investigations revealed that the triangular-shaped chip outperformed the circular-shaped chip in terms of recovery efficiency, purity, and throughput.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yashraj Bhosale, Giridar Vishwanathan, Gaurav Upadhyay, Tejaswin Parthasarathy, Gabriel Juarez, Mattia Gazzola
Summary: Viscous streaming can be effectively manipulated with multicurvature designs, leading to rich flow repertoires and potential applications in fluid and particle manipulation, filtering, and separation.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Behrouz Aghajanloo, Fatemeh Ejeian, Francesca Frascella, Simone L. L. Marasso, Matteo Cocuzza, Alireza Fadaei Tehrani, Mohammad Hossein Nasr Esfahani, David W. W. Inglis
Summary: Deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) is a passive separation method for particle and cell sorting. It offers high size resolution and operates using capillary pressure, making it suitable for point-of-care devices. The method achieves high separation efficiency and is simple to use, making it a valuable technique in the field of microfluidic technologies.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Naotomo Tottori, Takasi Nisisako
Summary: Deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) is a promising technology for high-resolution separation of suspended particles based on size. Conventional DLD has a fixed critical diameter (D-c) determined by device geometry, but we propose a novel DLD that uses thermo-responsive hydrogel pillars to flexibly tune the D-c value. By adjusting temperature, the pillers can shrink or swell, allowing continuous switching of particle trajectories and on/off separation of particles.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Jinliang Zhang, Haoxiang Tang, Jianchuan Zhang, Zunmin Zhang
Summary: The use of two-piece hybrid pillars in DLD technique allows for versatile sorting schemes, with a constant critical size achieved in the intermediate regime.
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yousef S. Elshamy, Timothy G. Strein, Lisa A. Holland, Chong Li, Anthony DeBastiani, Stephen J. Valentine, Peng Li, John A. Lucas, Tyler A. Shaffer
Summary: This study introduces a new method of nanoflow sheath CE-VSSI-MS, which reduces the reliance on separation flow rate to facilitate the transfer of analyte to the MS. By using the nanoflow sheath, higher separation voltages and more flexible separation conditions can be achieved.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Chong Li, Amanda DeVor, Jing Wang, Stephen J. Valentine, Peng Li
Summary: In this study, a rapid, low-cost, and flexible online desalting method using Nafion-coated sponge was reported. This method can be easily implemented to a wide range of customized fluidic systems.
RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY
(2022)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Letao Yang, Lin Y. Hung, Yuefei Zhu, Suwan Ding, Kara G. Margolis, Kam W. Leong
Summary: “The Role of Gut Microbiome in Human Health and Material Engineering” - Tremendous progress has been made in the past decade in understanding the importance of the gut microbiome in human health. However, there is currently a lack of comprehensive review that combines the fields of gut microbiome and material research. This paper aims to bridge the gap by discussing critical aspects of material engineering in the gut microbiome and human health. The research tools for gut microbiome research and therapeutics development are presented, including biomaterial technologies such as intestinal organoids, gut-on-chip models, and microbiome biosensors. The paper also emphasizes the importance of investigating and regulating the microbiome-gut-brain axis using biomaterials. Future directions and regulatory rules in clinical translation are also discussed.
Correction
Engineering, Biomedical
Ji-Young Yoon, Nandin Mandakhbayar, Jeongeun Hyun, Dong Suk Yoon, Kapil D. Patel, Keunsoo Kang, Hosup Shim, Hae-Hyoung Lee, Jung-Hwan Lee, Kam W. Leong, Hae-Won Kim
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Yawen Ma, Huimin Lin, Peng Wang, Haocheng Yang, Jie Yu, Hao Tian, Tianyu Li, Shengfang Ge, Yilong Wang, Renbing Jia, Kam W. Leong, Jing Ruan
Summary: MicroRNA-based gene therapy using biocompatible nanocarriers shows promise in treating ocular melanoma by up-regulating tumor suppressor miR-30a-5p and inhibiting malignant phenotypes. The nanocarrier with high miRNA loading and redox-responsive release capabilities enhances the therapeutic effect. Furthermore, it promotes M1 macrophage polarization and activates Fenton reaction, synergistically enhancing anti-tumor immunity. The study demonstrates the potential of this nanocarrier for targeted gene therapy in melanoma and other cancers.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jiaqi Xu, Junchao Xu, Tongfei Shi, Yinlong Zhang, Fangman Chen, Chao Yang, Xinjing Guo, Guangna Liu, Dan Shao, Kam W. Leong, Guangjun Nie
Summary: Microbiota-based therapeutics offer innovative strategies to treat inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), but the clinical outcome and bacterial approach need improvement. Inspired by the benefits of probiotics, bioartificial probiotics are designed to restore intestinal microenvironment and shift the gut microbiome to an anti-inflammatory state. The bioartificial probiotic consists of E. coli Nissle 1917-derived membrane (EM) as the surface and biodegradable diselenide-bridged mesoporous silica nanoparticles (SeM) as the core. This work suggests a safe and effective nanomedicine for IBDs therapy.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Baoding Huang, Qianfen Wan, Tianyu Li, Lexiang Yu, Wen Du, Carmen Calhoun, Kam W. Leong, Li Qiang
Summary: As a solution to the chronic inflammation and local adiposity caused by obesity, cationic polyamidoamine (PAMAM) treatment has shown promising results in improving metabolic functions and reducing body weight in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. The treatment involves the use of PAMAM generation 3 (P-G3) scavenger and complexing P-G3 with human serum albumin (HSA) to achieve sustained release. Local injection of HSA-PG3 successfully restricts the distribution of the complex within the targeted adipose tissue and reduces focal adiposity.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Naoto Yoshinaga, Joyce K. Zhou, Cong Xu, Chai Hoon Quek, Yuefei Zhu, Ding Tang, Lin Yung Hung, Sarah A. Najjar, Chin Ying Angela Shiu, Kara Gross Margolis, Yeh-Hsing Lao, Kam W. Leong
Summary: Effective delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 components is crucial and oral delivery has not been explored due to the degradative nature of the gastrointestinal tract. In this study, we developed novel PBA-functionalized CS-PEI polymers for oral CRISPR delivery, which showed effective penetration in the intestinal mucosa and achieved downregulation of the target protein and reduction in cholesterol. This study demonstrates the potential of addressing the needs of gene editing in a patient-compliant manner.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Ganchimeg Davaa, Jin Young Hong, Jung-Hwan Lee, Min Soo Kim, Jennifer O. Buitrago, Yu-Meng Li, Hae-Hyoung Lee, Dong Wook Han, Kam W. Leong, Jung Keun Hyun, Hae-Won Kim
Summary: Neural stem cells (NSC) have the potential to regenerate injured neural tissues, but suffer from low survival and uncontrolled differentiation. This study demonstrates that mechanically-tuned protein hydrogels can protect and enhance the long-term survival of reprogrammed NSC, alleviate neural inflammation, promote differentiation, and improve locomotor functions in treating injured spinal cord.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Yunfei Li, Zhixiong Sun, Huixiang Zhu, Yan Sun, David B. Shteyman, Sander Markx, Kam W. Leong, Bin Xu, Bingmei M. Fu
Summary: The integrity of the blood-brain barrier formed by brain microvascular endothelial cells derived from 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome patients is compromised. The haploinsufficiency of CRKL, a gene within the 22q11.2 DS deletion region, contributes to this deficit. Treatment with imatinib, an FDA-approved drug, restores the compromised blood-brain barrier by increasing the level of active forms of the CRKL protein.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Hye Sung Kim, Tzu-Chieh Ho, Moshe J. Willner, Michael W. Becker, Hae-Won Kim, Kam W. Leong
Summary: In this study, we propose an ex vivo T cell expansion system that mimics natural antigen-presenting cells for adoptive cell therapy. The system utilizes microfiber scaffolds coated with dendritic cell membrane to replicate the physicochemical properties of dendritic cells, leading to greater expansion and functionality of T cells. This scalable and customizable platform holds promise for future research and application in cell therapy.
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Shujie Yang, Joseph Rufo, Ruoyu Zhong, Joseph Rich, Zeyu Wang, Luke P. P. Lee, Tony Jun Huang
Summary: Acoustic tweezers offer an efficient and contact-free way to manipulate individual cells and particles. Its application in next-generation cellular assays can enhance our understanding of biological systems. With acoustic tweezers, users can conduct a variety of experiments involving trapping, patterning, pairing, and separating single cells in the field of biological sciences.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yongqiang Xiao, He Fang, Yuefei Zhu, Jie Zhou, Zhanzhan Dai, Hongxia Wang, Zhaofan Xia, Zhaoxu Tu, Kam W. Leong
Summary: This study investigates the effectiveness of cationic hyperbranched polyaminoglycosides derived from tobramycin (HPT) and disulfide-included HPT (ss-HPT) in scavenging cell-free nucleic acids (cfNAs) to mitigate posttrauma inflammation and hypercoagulation. Both polymers demonstrate the ability to suppress inflammation and hypercoagulation by efficiently scavenging cfNAs, and exhibit potent antibacterial effects. Additionally, these polymers exhibit favorable modulatory effects on inflammation and therapeutic outcomes in a mouse model. Notably, ss-HPT shows high accumulation and retention in injured organs of traumatized mice, with a higher biodegradation rate in healthy mice compared to HPT.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bogdan Mateescu, Jennifer C. Jones, Roger P. Alexander, Eric Alsop, Ji Yeong An, Mohammad Asghari, Alex Boomgarden, Laura Bouchareychas, Alfonso Cayota, Hsueh-Chia Chang, Al Charest, Daniel T. Chiu, Robert J. Coffey, Saumya Das, Peter De Hoff, Andrew de Mello, Crislyn D'Souza-Schorey, David Elashoff, Kiarash R. Eliato, Jeffrey L. Franklin, David J. Galas, Mark B. Gerstein, Ionita H. Ghiran, David B. Go, Stephen Gould, Tristan R. Grogan, James N. Higginbotham, Florian Hladik, Tony Jun Huang, Xiaoye Huo, Elizabeth Hutchins, Dennis K. Jeppesen, Tijana Jovanovic-Talisman, Betty Y. S. Kim, Sung Kim, Kyoung-Mee Kim, Yong Kim, Robert R. Kitchen, Vaughan Knouse, Emily L. LaPlante, Carlito B. Lebrilla, L. James Lee, Kathleen M. Lennon, Guoping Li, Feng Li, Tieyi Li, Tao Liu, Zirui Liu, Adam L. Maddox, Kyle McCarthy, Bessie Meechoovet, Nalin Maniya, Yingchao Meng, Aleksandar Milosavljevic, Byoung-Hoon Min, Amber Morey, Martin Ng, John Nolan, Getulio P. De Oliveira Junior, Michael E. Paulaitis, Tuan Anh Phu, Robert L. Raffai, Matthew E. Roth, David A. Routenberg, Joel Rozowsky, Joseph Rufo, Satyajyoti Senapati, Sigal Shachar, Himani Sharma, Anil K. Sood, Stavros Stavrakis, Alessandra Sturchler, Muneesh Tewari, Juan P. Tosar, Alexander K. Tucker-Schwartz, Andrey Turchinovich, Nedyalka Valkov, Kendall Van Keuren-Jensen, Kasey C. Vickers, Lucia Vojtech, Wyatt N. Vreeland, Ceming Wang, Kai Wang, ZeYu Wang, Joshua A. Welsh, Kenneth W. Witwer, David T. W. Wong, Jianping Xia, Ya-Hong Xie, Kaichun Yang, Mikolaj P. Zaborowski, Chenguang Zhang, Qin Zhang, Angela M. Zivkovic, Louise C. Laurent
Summary: The extracellular RNA communication consortium (ERCC) is a NIH-funded program that aims to advance the development of new technologies, resources, and knowledge about exRNAs and their carriers. Through its second phase (ERCC2), the program focuses on addressing important gaps in knowledge and technology, as well as promoting collaboration between ERCC2 members and the scientific community. The ultimate goal is to enhance our understanding of exRNA biology and improve the development of accurate and efficient exRNA-based diagnostic methods.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qin Fan, Huaxing Dai, Jinyu Bai, Jialu Xu, Qingle Ma, Ziying Fei, Xiaozhong Zhou, Kam W. Leong, Chao Wang
Summary: Implanted biomaterials may create an immunosuppressive microenvironment, but vitamin C treatment can alleviate this condition and reduce the risk of malignant cell survival around the implants.
FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)