Smart Fully Integrated Lab: A Smartphone-Based Compact Miniaturized Analytical/Diagnostic Device

Despite the significant advancements in smartphone technology in Healthcare/Analytics 4.0 era, a substantial gap has still remained in moving smartphone-based analytical/diagnostic devices (SADs) from purely analyzing systems toward smart fully integrated systems/devices that can perform all the different steps of (bio)analytical/diagnostic procedures thoroughly and with high efficiency. Here, the first smart, portable, and compact miniaturized analytical/diagnostic device is presented that integrates the main steps of (bio)analytical/diagnostic procedures, including mixing, separating/centrifuging, analyzing, and microscopy, also the Internet of Things concept onto a platform that entirely operates using smartphone. The potential applicability of the developed smart fully integrated lab (SFIL) is demonstrated for early point-of-care (POC) diagnosis and continuous therapy monitoring of phenylketonuria, POC testing of glucose, hematocrit, and albumin, and also diagnosis of tuberculosis. It is proved that the fabricated SFIL is amenable for clinical applications at the POC since its results are in good agreement with the results of the clinical reference methods. Given the advantageous capabilities of the developed SFIL as an efficient, easy-to-use, smart, cost-effective, and portable compact miniaturized SAD, it is believed that it can revolutionize the current smartphone-based analytical/diagnostic systems and be widely exploited at sites far from centralized laboratory facilities, resource-limited settings, POC applications, and routine clinical/chemical laboratories.