期刊
ACS SENSORS
卷 5, 期 11, 页码 3520-3532出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c01641
关键词
quartz crystal microbalance; graphene; immunoassay; membranous nephropathy; biosensor
资金
- Development and Promotion of Science and Technology Talents Project (DPST), Thailand
- National Council for Science and Technology (CONACyT), Mexico
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) [EP/L01548X/1]
- Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester
- Wellcome Trust Senior Fellowship award [202860/Z/16/Z]
- Wellcome Trust [203128/Z/16/Z]
- EPSRC [EP/K005014/1] Funding Source: UKRI
We present a sensitive and low-cost immunoassay, based on a customized open-source quartz crystal microbalance coupled with graphene biointerface sensors (G-QCM), to quantify antibodies in undiluted patient serum. We demonstrate its efficacy for a specific antibody against the phospholipase A2 receptor (anti-PLA2R), which is a biomarker in primary membranous nephropathy. A novel graphene-protein biointerface was constructed by adsorbing a low concentration of denatured bovine serum albumin (dBSA) on the reduced graphene oxide (rGO) sensor surface. The dBSA film prevents the denaturation of the protein receptor on the rGO surface and serves as the cross-linker for immobilization of the receptor for anti-PLA2R antibodies on the surface. The detection limit and selectivity of this G-QCM biosensor was compared with a commercial QCM system. The G-QCM immunoassay exhibited good specificity and high sensitivity toward the target, with an order of magnitude better detection limit (of 100 ng/mL) compared to the commercial system, at a fraction of the cost and with considerable time saving. The results obtained from patient sera compared favorably with those from enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, validating the feasibility of use in clinical applications. The multifunctional dBSA-rGO platform provides a promising biofunctionalization method for universal immunoassay and biosensors. With the advantages of inexpensive, rapid, and sensitive detection, the G-QCM sensor and instrument form an effective autoimmune disease screening tool.
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