Review
Biology
Salvatore Coniglio, Maria Shumskaya, Evros Vassiliou
Summary: Diet can have both positive and negative effects on human health, with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids being overall beneficial. These fatty acids are primarily found in plant seeds and fish. Consuming omega-3 fatty acids can reduce inflammation and markers associated with certain diseases. This reduction in inflammation occurs through specific metabolic and biochemical changes. Overall, a diet high in omega-3 and low in omega-6 fats is considered favorable.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Hassan Reda Hassan Elsayed, Hanan S. Anbar, Mohammed R. Rabei, Mohamed Adel, Randa El-Gamal
Summary: The study found that Omega-3 fatty acids could decrease MTX-induced splenic injury, reduce oxidative stress markers, improve anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory conditions, and increase immune cell levels. Therefore, Omega-3 may be a promising adjuvant therapy for MTX, helping prevent its deleterious effects on the spleen.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Notarnicola, Valentina De Nunzio, Tamara Lippolis, Valeria Tutino, Anna Maria Cisternino, Palma Aurelia Iacovazzi, Rosa Anna Milella, Marica Gasparro, Roberto Negro, Maurizio Polignano, Maria Gabriella Caruso
Summary: This clinical trial investigated the effects of fresh table grape intake on the serum Omega-3 index. The results showed that grape intake increased oleic acid content, improved the Omega-3 index, increased adiponectin levels, and reduced FGF21 levels, leading to beneficial effects on liver function.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Manon Leclerc, Stephanie Dudonne, Frederic Calon
Summary: Research on the neuroprotective effects of natural products has expanded in recent years, with a key question remaining on whether they act directly on the central nervous system or indirectly through peripheral mechanisms. While molecules for brain diseases can typically cross the blood-brain barrier, it has been discovered that peripheral metabolism can impact brain function, with the gut-microbiota-brain axis receiving attention as an indirect pathway. Omega-3 PUFAs and polyphenols from marine and plant sources respectively serve as examples of natural products with varying levels of brain bioavailability and efficacy in CNS disorders like Alzheimer's disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
A. S. Salsinha, R. Socodato, A. Rodrigues, R. Vale-Silva, J. B. Relvas, M. Pintado, L. M. Rodriguez-Alcala
Summary: High-fat diet-induced obesity has negative effects on brain function by causing chronic low-grade inflammation, which is likely mediated by microglia, the primary immune cell population in the brain. Different fatty acids can modulate microglia activity, and fructose and palmitic acid together induce inflammation in human microglia. However, omega-3, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), and conjugated linolenic acid (CLNA) have potential neuroprotective and antioxidant effects.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xuefei Li, Zhengjie Lu, Yongjian Qi, Biao Chen, Bin Li
Summary: This study used the Mendelian randomization approach to explore the potential causal relationships between polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and osteoarthritis (OA), and found that higher levels of omega-6 fatty acids may reduce the risk of knee OA and hip OA. These results highlight the importance of maintaining optimal levels of PUFAs, especially omega-6 fatty acids, in individuals with a genetic predisposition to OA.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marta Pelczynska, Malgorzata Moszak, Agnieszka Wesolek, Pawel Bogdanski
Summary: Dietary patterns, specifically those containing bioactive food compounds such as polyphenols, unsaturated fatty acids, and probiotics, show promise in preventing and treating obesity-induced inflammation. These compounds modulate the secretion of inflammatory molecules, regulate gene expression, and modify signaling pathways involved in the inflammatory response. However, further research is needed to determine optimal strategies for their intake, and global education is necessary to promote the advantages of consuming bioactive food compounds and combat unhealthy dietary patterns.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Samskruthi Madireddy, Sahithi Madireddy
Summary: This study investigated the effects of various combinations of nutrients on spatial memory and cognitive performance in house crickets, and found that a combination of multivitamins, zinc, and omega-3 fatty acids was the most effective for enhancing memory and cognitive function.
Review
Immunology
Janaki Manoja Vinnakota, Robert Zeiser
Summary: Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is an effective therapy for hematological malignancies, but acute Graft versus host disease (GVHD) as a side effect may cause immune-mediated damage to the central nervous system (CNS). Recent preclinical data suggest that microglia and T cells play crucial roles in this process, but accurate diagnosis of CNS damage etiology in clinical settings remains a challenge.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kamila P. Liput, Adam Lepczynski, Magdalena Ogluszka, Agata Nawrocka, Ewa Polawska, Agata Grzesiak, Brygida Slaska, Chandra S. Pareek, Urszula Czarnik, Mariusz Pierzchala
Summary: It is recommended to reduce saturated fatty acids (SFA) and increase polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) n-3 and n-6 in the diet to lower the risk of metabolic disorders. Western-type diet often contains excessive n-6 PUFAs and a high n-6/n-3 ratio. Oxylipins derived from n-3 and n-6 PUFAs play a role in inflammation, while PUFAs have varying effects on cell growth, proliferation, and neoplastic lesion progression, as observed in in vitro studies, animal models, and epidemiological studies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Johanna Sigaux, Alice Bellicha, Camille Buscail, Chantal Julia, Rene-Marc Flipo, Alain Cantagrel, Francois Laporte, Caroline Beal, Marie-Christophe Boissier, Luca Semerano
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum lipid profiles and disease activity in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The study found that a serum lipid profile rich in n-3 fatty acids was independently associated with persistently reduced disease activity, while a profile rich in n-6 fatty acids was associated with lower disease activity.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Miguel A. Ortega, Oscar Fraile-Martinez, Cielo Garcia-Montero, Miguel Angel Alvarez-Mon, Guillermo Lahera, Jorge Monserrat, Maria Llavero-Valero, Luis Gutierrez-Rojas, Rosa Molina, Roberto Rodriguez-Jimenez, Javier Quintero, Melchor Alvarez De Mon
Summary: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a growing disabling condition affected by around 280 million people worldwide, and diet plays a crucial role in influencing MDD. Dietary interventions are considered one of the most promising tools to explore in the field of MDD.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Anil Kumar Patel, Ajeet Singh Chauhan, Prashant Kumar, Philippe Michaud, Vijai Kumar Gupta, Jo-Shu Chang, Chiu-Wen Chen, Cheng-Di Dong, Reeta Rani Singhania
Summary: This article provides an update on the production of essential fatty acids from potential microbes and explores novel strategies to promote the accumulation of omega-3 and omega-6 through engineering and omics approaches.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Dolores Camacho-Munoz, Jennifer Niven, Salih Kucuk, Danilo Cucchi, Michelangelo Certo, Simon W. Jones, Deborah P. Fischer, Claudio Mauro, Anna Nicolaou
Summary: The Western diet high in sugar and fat contributes to obesity and chronic inflammation, leading to impaired immune function and chronic diseases. Elevated levels of ceramides are associated with inflammation and cellular dysfunction. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3PUFA) can reduce inflammation by lowering ceramide levels, and they also increase the number of anti-inflammatory cells.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ivana Djuricic, Philip C. Calder
Summary: Oxidative stress and inflammation are important contributors to chronic non-communicable diseases. Different types of fatty acids have varying effects on chronic diseases, with moderate intake of Ω-6 fatty acids lowering the risk of cardiovascular diseases and Ω-3 fatty acids helping to reduce inflammation levels.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Thea Magrone, Manrico Magrone, Emilio Jirillo
ENDOCRINE METABOLIC & IMMUNE DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS
(2020)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thea Magrone, Manrico Magrone, Matteo Antonio Russo, Emilio Jirillo
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Thea Magrone, Manrico Magrone, Matteo A. Russo, Emilio Jirillo
ENDOCRINE METABOLIC & IMMUNE DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS
(2020)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Thea Magrone, Emilio Jirillo, Manrico Magrone, Matteo Antonio Russo, Paolo Romita, Francesco Massari, Caterina Foti
Summary: The study found that oral administration of polyphenols from red grape seeds reduced peripheral biomarkers in ACD patients, demonstrating antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-allergic properties.
ENDOCRINE METABOLIC & IMMUNE DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Thea Magrone, Manrico Magrone, Emilio Jirillo
ENDOCRINE METABOLIC & IMMUNE DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS
(2020)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Thea Magrone, Manrico Magrone, Emilio Jirillo
ENDOCRINE METABOLIC & IMMUNE DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS
(2020)
Review
Andrology
Vito A. Giagulli, Edoardo Guastamacchia, Thea Magrone, Emilio Jirillo, Giuseppe Lisco, Giovanni De Pergola, Vincenzo Triggiani
Summary: Testosterone levels may affect the progression of COVID-19 in men, with low levels predisposing to endothelial dysfunction, thrombosis, and defective immune response. This can ultimately lead to impaired viral clearance and systemic inflammation, especially in critically ill individuals. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and identify appropriate therapeutic strategies.
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Thea Magrone
ENDOCRINE METABOLIC & IMMUNE DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonella Bizzoca, Martina Caracciolo, Patrizia Corsi, Thea Magrone, Emilio Jirillo, Gianfranco Gennarini
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paola Illesca, Rodrigo Valenzuela, Alejandra Espinosa, Francisca Echeverria, Sandra Soto-Alarcon, Cristian Campos, Alicia Rodriguez, Romina Vargas, Thea Magrone, Luis A. Videla
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Thea Magrone, Manrico Magrone, Matteo Antonio Russo, Emilio Jirillo
Summary: Platelets are involved in hemostasis and coagulation, but recent data show they also have novel immune functions, interacting with immune cells and secreting cytokines to activate distant immune cells. They play a dual role in inflammation and can up- or down-regulate pathological mechanisms. Dietary substances like omega-3 PUFAs and polyphenols may modulate platelet function, with more clinical trials needed for validation.
ENDOCRINE METABOLIC & IMMUNE DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Thea Magrone, Manrico Magrone, Matteo A. Russo, Emilio Jirillo
Summary: Despite lacking sessile cells, plants can still mount a strong immune response against invaders or stressful conditions through pattern recognition receptors (PPRs), leading to either PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) or effector-triggered immunity (ETI) and contributing to plant systemic acquired resistance. Plant immunity involves activation of receptors and peptides from chloroplasts, as well as major defense compounds such as salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene. The interaction between plant receptors and bacterial components, the role of plant microbiome, and the interplay between insects and plants are also important factors in plant immunity.
ENDOCRINE METABOLIC & IMMUNE DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Annalisa Rizzo, Raffaele L. Sciorsci, Thea Magrone, Emilio Jirillo
Summary: Dietary habits play a significant role in influencing our health, with high fat and high sugar diets leading to the development of low-grade inflammation. Certain plant products and their derivatives, such as lupin, garlic, salvia, and extra virgin olive oil, possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties that may be crucial in the prevention and treatment of the coronavirus disease SARS-CoV2. These nutraceuticals have the potential to help recover the expression of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 on cell membranes, which is suppressed by COVID-19, and could play a preventive or nutritional role in SARS-CoV2 infection, especially in the context of lockdown measures and inflamm-aging.
ENDOCRINE METABOLIC & IMMUNE DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Elsa Vitale, Manrico Magrone, Vito Galatola, Thea Magrone
Summary: Research has shown that during the COVID-19 pandemic, proper nutrition and lifestyle can play a positive role in preventing or improving the prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
ENDOCRINE METABOLIC & IMMUNE DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Thea Magrone, Manrico Magrone, Matteo Antonio Russo, Emilio Jirillo
Summary: This review discusses the major health effects of consuming plant fibers, PUFAs, and polyphenols, emphasizing their mechanisms of action at cellular and molecular levels. Plant fibers have a prebiotic effect, PUFAs can lower the risk of coronary disease, and polyphenols have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
ENDOCRINE METABOLIC & IMMUNE DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS
(2021)
