Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Michael Karin
Summary: The study reveals that FKBP11, a target of XBP1, is repressed in the liver of obese mice. Its re-expression activates a protective unfolded protein response pathway and restores insulin sensitivity.
Review
Physiology
Marcelo Cornejo, Gonzalo Fuentes, Paola Valero, Sofia Vega, Adriana Grismaldo, Fernando Toledo, Fabian Pardo, Rodrigo Moore-Carrasco, Mario Subiabre, Paola Casanello, Marijke M. Faas, Harry van Goor, Luis Sobrevia
Summary: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is mainly affected by maternal hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, with maternal obesity (GDTY) and overweight (GDMow) women showing different metabolic states compared to classic GDM. These alterations impact the function of foetoplacental endothelial cells, highlighting the need for more specific therapeutic approaches based on different metabolic states.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jaime Berumen, Lorena Orozco, Hector Gallardo-Rincon, Fernando Rivas, Elizabeth Barrera, Rosa E. Benuto, Humberto Garcia-Ortiz, Melissa Marin-Medina, Eligia Juarez-Torres, Anabel Alvarado-Silva, Espiridion Ramos-Martinez, Luis Alberto Martinez-Juarez, Julieta Lomelin-Gascon, Alejandra Montoya, Janinne Ortega-Montiel, Diego-Abelardo Alvarez-Hernandez, Jorge Larriva-Shad, Roberto Tapia-Conyer
Summary: This study explored the influence of sex and age at type 2 diabetes (T2D) diagnosis on T2D-related genes, parental history of T2D, and obesity on T2D development. The findings suggest that T2D-related genes, maternal T2D history, and fat distribution have a greater impact on T2D development in males than females.
BIOLOGY OF SEX DIFFERENCES
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Farah Deeba, Ashish Kumar, Monalisa Mukherjee, Arun K. Sharma, Manju Sharma
Summary: The review discusses the intricate relationship between obesity and diabetes, highlighting the involvement of endocannabinoid signaling system and CB1 receptor in regulating metabolism and adiposity. However, excessive activation of the EC system may result in severe consequences, such as depression and suicidal thoughts.
DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David T. Broome, Kevin M. Pantalone, Sangeeta R. Kashyap, Louis H. Philipson
Summary: Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a genetic form of diabetes that remains underdiagnosed. Diagnosis involves clinical presentation, family history, lab, and genetic testing. Treatment and monitoring depend on the identified variant.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
John P. Kirwan, Anita P. Courcoulas, David E. Cummings, Allison B. Goldfine, Sangeeta R. Kashyap, Donald C. Simonson, David E. Arterburn, William F. Gourash, Ashley H. Vernon, John M. Jakicic, Mary Elizabeth Patti, Kathy Wolski, Philip R. Schauer
Summary: The objective of this study is to assess the durability and longer-term effectiveness of metabolic surgery compared with medical/lifestyle management in patients with type 2 diabetes. The results demonstrate that metabolic/bariatric surgery is more effective and durable than medical/lifestyle intervention in remission of type 2 diabetes, with significant improvements in glycemic control, body weight, and biomarkers.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
S. Bonetti, C. Zusi, E. Rinaldi, M. L. Boselli, A. Csermely, G. Malerba, E. Trabetti, E. Bonora, R. C. Bonadonna, M. Trombetta
Summary: This study found that common genetic variability of monogenic diabetes genes is significantly associated with impaired beta-cell function in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), suggesting that these genes may be targeted by specific treatments for T2DM.
DIABETES & METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maria Michaelidou, Joseph M. Pappachan, Mohammad Sadiq Jeeyavudeen
Summary: The global prevalence of obesity is rapidly increasing, along with a rise in the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The term 'diabesity' highlights the strong connection between obesity and diabetes, posing significant challenges in disease management. Effective management algorithms for diabesity require addressing complications of obesity such as metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and obstructive sleep apnea. Proper selection of antidiabetic medications is crucial, as some medications may worsen diabesity. Non-pharmacological measures like dietary adjustments, exercise interventions, and bariatric procedures are also important. Sadly, the importance of optimal management of diabesity is often overlooked by medical professionals, leading to inadequate disease management and complications.
WORLD JOURNAL OF DIABETES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Murat Karaoglan, Gulper Nacarkahya
Summary: This study aimed to identify clinical and laboratory clues of Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) in children with atypical presentations of diabetes and found that measurable C-peptide in follow-up, family history of early-onset diabetes, and low daily dose of insulin are important predictors of MODY. The most common causative mutations were found in the GCK and HNF4A genes, with MODY2 showing a higher frequency of low DDI requirement and MODY1 showing higher beta-cell antibody negativity among children misdiagnosed with T1DM.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Muhammad Ajmal Shah, Muhammad Haris, Hafiza Ishmal Faheem, Ayesha Hamid, Rimsha Yousaf, Azhar Rasul, Ghulam Mujtaba Shah, Atif Ali Khan Khalil, Abdul Wahab, Haroon Khan, Reem Hasaballah Alhasani, Norah A. Althobaiti
Summary: Obesity-associated diabetes mellitus is a serious health issue affecting a large number of people worldwide. Synthetic drugs currently used to treat diabetes have limitations and severe side effects. Plant-derived phytochemicals, particularly dietary polyphenols, are being explored as potential alternatives due to their ability to address both diabetes and obesity with fewer side effects and toxicity.
CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kevin Colclough, Sian Ellard, Andrew Hattersley, Kashyap Patel
Summary: Genetic testing for monogenic diabetes is primarily focused on mutations in maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) genes, but this approach may miss mutations in patients without typical features. A study found that mutations in syndromic diabetes genes, particularly m.3243A>G and HNF1B, accounted for a significant portion of monogenic diabetes cases and often overlapped with non-syndromic monogenic diabetes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Liad Hinden, Aviram Kogot-Levin, Joseph Tam, Gil Leibowitz
Summary: Diabetes kidney disease is a major healthcare problem that leads to end-stage kidney disease and high mortality. Recent studies suggest that kidney proximal tubule cells play a central role in the pathophysiology of this disease by being exposed to nutrient overload, which can lead to tubular injury, inflammation, and fibrosis. Pharmacological treatments that modulate nutrient sensing and signaling in these cells have shown to have protective effects on the kidney.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jose Ignacio Ramirez-Manent, Barbara Altisench Jane, Matias Tomas Salva, Sebastiana Arroyo Bote, Hilda Maria Gonzalez San Miguel, Angel Arturo Lopez-Gonzalez
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of healthy habits on diabesity. The findings revealed that individuals with unhealthy diets and irregular exercise had higher prevalence of diabesity. The study also highlighted that those from the most disadvantaged socioeconomic classes were more likely to develop diabesity.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yun-Ni Lee, Mohammed S. B. Huda
Summary: Diabetes mellitus is a common condition that clinicians often encounter, with type 2 diabetes being the most common type. However, there are other important atypical forms like MODY and LADA that clinicians need to consider for accurate diagnosis and management.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hui-Xuan Wu, Tian-Yao Chu, Junaid Iqbal, Hong-Li Jiang, Long Li, Yan-Xuan Wu, Hou-De Zhou
Summary: The study compared the incidence risk of cardio-cerebrovascular events in maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY), type 1 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes. The results showed that the risk of cardio-cerebrovascular events in MODY is between that of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Heba Almaghrbi, Roberta Giordo, Gianfranco Pintus, Hatem Zayed
Summary: Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are RNA molecules that have tissue-specific expression and lack protein-coding potential. Aberrant expression of ncRNAs is critical in disease onset and development, making them promising biomarkers for prognosis and diagnosis. Compared to standard biomarkers, ncRNAs, such as miRNAs and lncRNAs, provide better sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing acute myocardial infarction (AMI), leading to earlier treatment and better prognosis for patients. This review summarizes and discusses the potential clinical use of circulating ncRNAs as MI biomarkers, highlighting their specificity and sensitivity, limitations, and possible solutions.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Biology
Ambritha Balasundaram, C. George Priya Doss
Summary: This study identified differentially expressed genes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and constructed a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network to explore the potential mechanism of NSCLC.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fatemeh Rahimi Gharemirshamloo, Ranabir Majumder, S. Udhaya Kumar, C. George Priya Doss, Kourosh Bamdad, Fateme Frootan, Cemal Un
Summary: The human prion protein gene (PRNP) is located on chromosome 20 and mutations in this gene are associated with prion disease. The G127V mutation increases protein stability, while the E200K mutation, which has the highest mutation rate, causes Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and induces protein aggregation. This study aimed to identify the structural mechanisms of these mutations. Bioinformatic algorithms were used to predict the association of the E200K mutation with prion disease. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to confirm the stability of the protein structures. The results showed that the E200K mutation led to increased fluctuations in the protein structure, while the G127V mutation stabilized the protein structure.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hephzibah Cathryn R, Udhaya Kumar S, R. Gnanasambandan, P. Jeyaprakash Naayanan, P. Sathiyarajeswaren, M. S. Shree Devi, Satish Srinivas K, George Priya Doss C
Summary: This study investigated the cfDNA of MBC patients and identified mutations in PIK3CA and TP53 genes. The impact of these mutations on protein structure and function was studied using molecular docking and dynamics simulation.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohanraj Gopikrishnan, Sriroopreddy Ramireddy, Rinku Polachirakkal Varghese, Yamuna Devi Bakathavatchalam, D. Thirumal Kumar, Abi Manesh, Kamini Walia, Balaji Veeraraghavan, C. George Priya Doss
Summary: Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii is a common hospital-acquired pathogen with a high mortality rate. Combining beta-lactam antibiotics with beta-lactamase inhibitors can enhance their effectiveness. Through MIC testing and in silico analysis, we identified promising drug combinations, including eravacycline, cefepime/zidebactam, cefiderocol/zidebactam, and eravacycline with durlobactam or zidebactam, for treating A. baumannii infections expressing specific oxacillinases.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Karthik Sekaran, Alsamman M. Alsamman, C. George Priya Doss, Hatem Zayed
Summary: This study used machine-learning techniques to analyze gene expression in AD patients and identified potential biomarkers for future therapy. Several genes closely associated with AD were discovered and interpreted using AI techniques. This research provides important groundwork for targeted therapeutics against genetic diseases.
METABOLIC BRAIN DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sudharsana Sundarrajan, Arthi Venkatesan, S. Udhaya Kumar, Mohanraj Gopikrishnan, Iftikhar Aslam Tayubi, M. Aditya, Gowrishankar Bychapur Siddaiah, C. George Priya Doss, Hatem Zayed
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a leading cause of dementia in elderly patients, with a duration of 3 to 11 years after diagnosis. The incidence of AD is increasing significantly in East Asian countries. The disease involves memory loss, behavioral issues, and cognitive impairment. The study investigates the whole exome sequences of LOAD patients of Korean origin to identify rare genetic variants that may contribute to the disorder.
METABOLIC BRAIN DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Mohanraj Gopikrishnan, C. George Priya Doss
Summary: The multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii is a rising healthcare-associated pathogen, with increased resistance, particularly to carbapenem antibiotics. A potential drug candidate with better affinity to the carbapenem-resistant outer membrane protein has been identified through computational approaches.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Karthik Sekaran, R. Gnanasambandan, Ramkumar Thirunavukarasu, Ramya Iyyadurai, G. Karthik, C. George Priya Doss
Summary: This study systematically reviews the application of artificial intelligence (AI) methods in the critical process of COVID-19 gene data analysis. The results show that AI has made significant progress in COVID-19 modeling, diagnosis, and drug development.
PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nader Al-Dewik, Muthanna Samara, Salma Younes, Rana Al-jurf, Gheyath Nasrallah, Sawsan Al-Obaidly, Husam Salama, Tawa Olukade, Sara Hammuda, Neil Marlow, Mohamed Ismail, Taghreed Abu Nada, M. Walid Qoronfleh, Binny Thomas, Ghassan Abdoh, Palli Valapila Abdulrouf, Thomas Farrell, Mai Al Qubaisi, Hilal Al Rifai
Summary: This study aimed to assess the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of major congenital anomalies (CAs) in Qatar. The study found that the incidence of any CA among live births in Qatar was 1.3%, with cardiovascular system (CVS) anomalies being the most common. Multiple pregnancies, parity, and maternal BMI were associated with specific CAs. CAs were significantly associated with high rates of caesarean deliveries, low Apgar scores, in-hospital mortality, and neonatal intensive care unit admission.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Karthik Sekaran, Rinku Polachirakkal Varghese, Mohanraj Gopikrishnan, Alsamman M. Alsamman, Achraf El Allali, Hatem Zayed, C. George Priya Doss
Summary: Microbial dysbiosis is linked to the development of diseases, including cervical cancer, which necessitates the study of vaginal microbiome. This study characterizes the microbial pathogenesis involved in cervical cancer and identifies specific microbial species associated with disease progression. Analysis of diversity, richness, and dominance reveals differences between cervical cancer and control samples, while Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) predicts the association of certain microbial species and genera with cervical cancer. The results also provide functional enrichment evidence of microbial disease associations. The dataset is trained and validated using a random forest algorithm, and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method is employed to analyze the predicted results, highlighting the potential significance of Ralstonia in predicting cervical cancer. The study confirms the presence of pathogenic microbiomes and their relationship with microbial imbalance in cervical cancer vaginal samples.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hrituraj Dey, Karthick Vasudevan, C. George Priya Doss, S. Udhaya Kumar, Achraf El Allali, Alsamman M. Alsamman, Hatem Zayed
Summary: By analyzing gene-gene interaction networks, this study aimed to identify the hub genes involved in Osteosarcoma and understand their interaction and impact on various biological processes and signaling pathways. The research revealed several key genes such as TP53, CCND1, CDK4, STAT3, and VEGFA, which are associated with major signaling pathways in Osteosarcoma and have the potential to be targeted for drug development.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Karthik Sekaran, Rinku Polachirakkal Varghese, George Priya C. Doss, Alsamman M. Alsamman, Hatem Zayed, Achraf El Allali
Summary: New evidence reveals the role of host-associated microbiomes in respiratory diseases and how their dysbiosis affects lung behavior and respiratory system functioning. Various exogenous and environmental factors impact the development of asthma and chronic lung disease. The relationship between asthma and microbes is better understood but still requires further investigation. The study analyzes sequencing data from the saliva and nasopharyngeal regions of asthma and non-asthma patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, focusing on microbial pathogenesis, exacerbation of respiratory disease, and potential diagnostic biomarkers. Analysis of the data identifies specific microbial taxa enriched in different groups and demonstrates the efficacy of a random forest algorithm for classification and identification of subgroups.
Article
Environmental Sciences
J. Mary Isabella Sonali, K. Veena Gayathri, P. Senthil Kumar, Gayathri Rangasamy, C. S. Poorva, S. Udhaya Kumar, C. George Priya Doss, R. Gnanasambandan
Summary: This study investigated the effects of bio-synthesized Se nanocomposite on the metabolic pathway in Okra leaf and soil compared to bio-fertilizer. Se nanocomposites with an average diameter of 220-330 nm were synthesized and characterized. Metagenomic sequencing revealed changes in the microbial community and metabolic functions in Okra. Compared to biofertilizer-treated Okra, Se treatment significantly increased metabolism in Okra root. Furthermore, exclusive effects were observed in Se-treated Okra roots compared to Se-treated Okra leaves and biofertilizer-treated Okra. Overall, this study enhances our understanding of the impact of Se nanocomposites and biofertilizers on Okra.
WASTE AND BIOMASS VALORIZATION
(2023)
