Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Andrea Beraudo, Arturo De Pace, Marco Monteno, Marzia Nardi, Francesco Prino
Summary: Researchers extended their POWLANG transport setup to model heavy-flavour production in heavy-ion collisions, allowing predictions for observables that require rapidity dependence and reliable study of kinematic distributions of heavy-flavour particles at forward rapidity. Comparisons were made with experimental data from Au-Au and Pb-Pb collisions at RHIC and the LHC.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Nora Brambilla, Miguel Angel Escobedo, Michael Strickland, Antonio Vairo, Peter Vander Griend, Johannes Heinrich Weber
Summary: The research focuses on solving the Lindblad equation describing the Brownian motion of a Coulombic heavy quark-antiquark pair in a strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma using the highly efficient Monte Carlo wave-function method. The study computes the bottomonium nuclear modification factor without relying on free parameters, and compares it with the most recent LHC data, achieving good agreement.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Jorge Casalderrey-Solana, Jose Guilherme Milhano, Daniel Pablos, Krishna Rajagopal, Xiaojun Yao
Summary: The study explores how to improve the hybrid model description of the particles originating from the wake of a jet in a droplet of quark-gluon plasma produced in heavy ion collisions. Linearized hydrodynamics works better in the viscous case, while adding transverse flow effects leads to a harder transverse momentum spectrum with more particles produced above 2 GeV compared to the hybrid model. The study provides insights on how the jet wake may modify jet observables and highlights the importance of considering transverse flow effects and the broadening of energy-momentum perturbation in spacetime rapidity on particle production.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Joao Barata, Yacine Mehtar-Tani, Alba Soto-Ontoso, Konrad Tywoniuk
Summary: The study calculates the medium-induced radiative spectrum within the Improved Opacity Expansion (IOE) framework at next-to-leading order (NLO) accuracy, providing analytical control at low and high gluon frequencies simultaneously. The IOE scheme systematically resums all orders in opacity below a certain characteristic frequency, yielding an asymptotic series controlled by logarithmically suppressed remainders. Comparing the analytic scheme with a recent numerical solution for LHC-inspired medium parameters, a very good agreement is found at both low and high frequencies, demonstrating the performance of IOE for accurate analytic formulas in perturbative kinematic regimes for dense media.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Koichi Hattori, Yoshimasa Hidaka, Naoki Yamamoto, Di-Lun Yang
Summary: In this study, the Wigner functions of polarized photons in the Coulomb gauge were derived using the expansion in quantum field theory, and side-jump effects for massless photons were identified. The photonic chiral vortical effect for the Chern-Simons current and zilch vortical effect for the zilch current in local thermal equilibrium were discussed as a consistency check for the formalism, showing agreement with results from different approaches. The quantum kinetic theory for polarized photons was constructed using the real-time formalism, and a more concise form of an effective QKT was provided by adopting a specific power counting scheme for the distribution functions.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Xiaojun Yao, Weiyao Ke, Yingru Xu, Steffen A. Bass, Berndt Mueller
Summary: The study introduces a framework of coupled transport equations to describe the transport of heavy flavor and quarkonium states in the quark-gluon plasma. It is capable of studying both open and hidden heavy flavor observables and considers recombination mechanisms. Applying the framework to study bottomonium production reveals the importance of correlated recombination as a production mechanism in heavy-ion experiments.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Aleksi Kurkela, Aleksas Mazeliauskas, Robin Tornkvist
Summary: This study focuses on the collective behavior in small systems and calculates the harmonic flow response to initial geometry deformations using weakly coupled QCD kinetic theory. A parametric scaling formula is derived to relate harmonic flow in different size systems with generic initial gluon distributions. The study also compares the full QCD effective kinetic theory with previous toy models. Finally, the centrality dependence of integrated elliptic flow v(2) is calculated in various collision systems.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Anton Andronic, Peter Braun-Munzinger, Markus K. Koehler, Aleksas Mazeliauskas, Krzysztof Redlich, Johanna Stachel, Vytautas Vislavicius
Summary: This study presents a quantitative description of hadron production in relativistic nuclear collisions using the Statistical Hadronization Model (SHM), focusing on hadrons containing light and charm quarks. The model successfully incorporates charm quarks as 'impurities' and can accurately predict the multiplicity of single charm hadrons in lead-lead collisions at LHC energies. Additionally, the model is extended to lighter collision systems and includes doubly- and triply-charmed hadrons, showing a characteristic enhancement hierarchy in the production probabilities of these states.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Guy D. Moore, Soeren Schlichting, Niels Schlusser, Ismail Soudi
Summary: We provide results obtained from lattice EQCD with the correct UV limit to construct the collisional broadening kernel C(b(perpendicular to)) in a QCD plasma. We discuss the limiting behavior of C(b(perpendicular to)) at small and large impact parameters b(perpendicular to), and demonstrate how these results can be utilized to calculate medium-induced radiation rates.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
W. Zha, Z. Tang
Summary: This paper demonstrates the discovery of higher-order effect for QED pair production by comparing global data, settling debates that have persisted for decades. This verification is a crucial milestone in advancing towards the nonperturbative and nonlinear regime of QED vacuum.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Koichi Hattori, Hidetoshi Taya, Shinsuke Yoshida
Summary: The study focuses on di-lepton production from a single photon in the presence of a strong constant magnetic field. The analytical evaluation of the photon-to-di-lepton conversion vertex shows an anisotropic di-lepton spectrum dependent on photon polarization, with discretized transverse and longitudinal momenta in the presence of Landau quantization. Additionally, strict prohibition of di-lepton production for massless fermions in the lowest Landau levels is observed due to helicity suppression.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Christian Bierlich, Smita Chakraborty, Gosta Gustafson, Leif Loennblad
Summary: Building on the recent success of the Angantyr model in describing multiplicity distributions in high energy heavy ion collisions, this study investigates the potential of using a string-based scenario to also describe flow effects measured in such collisions. The improved shoving model shows promise in generating flow in AA collisions, but further refinements are needed to match measurements more realistically.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Lucia Oliva, Salvatore Plumari, Vincenzo Greco
Summary: This study focuses on the directed flow v(1) of D mesons, discussing the impact of initial vorticity and electromagnetic field. It is highlighted that the large v(1) for D mesons is attributed to a different mechanism compared to light charged hadrons. The findings suggest that a longitudinal asymmetry between the bulk matter and charm quarks, as well as a large non-perturbative interaction in the QGP medium, are necessary for generating the very large v(1) for D mesons.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Ajaharul Islam, Michael Strickland
Summary: The Heavy Quarkonium Quantum Dynamics (HQQD) framework is introduced to calculate the dynamical suppression of heavy quarkonia in quark-gluon plasma. By evolving real-time solutions to the Schrodinger equation, survival probabilities of quarkonia are obtained. Predictions show good agreement with available experimental data on the suppression and elliptic flow of bottomonium states.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Francois Arleo, Greg Jackson, Stephane Peigne
Summary: Medium-induced fully coherent energy loss (FCEL) suppresses hadron production in proton-nucleus collisions. We find that the quenching of D and B mesons in pPb collisions solely due to FCEL is comparable to other nuclear effects. This highlights the importance of including FCEL effects for a reliable understanding of hadron production measurements in pA collisions.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Xiaojun Yao, Weiyao Ke, Yingru Xu, Steffen Bass, Berndt Mueller
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yoshitaka Hatta, Xiaojun Yao
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Xiaojun Yao, Weiyao Ke, Yingru Xu, Steffen A. Bass, Berndt Mueller
Summary: The study introduces a framework of coupled transport equations to describe the transport of heavy flavor and quarkonium states in the quark-gluon plasma. It is capable of studying both open and hidden heavy flavor observables and considers recombination mechanisms. Applying the framework to study bottomonium production reveals the importance of correlated recombination as a production mechanism in heavy-ion experiments.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Xiaojun Yao, Thomas Mehen
Summary: This study investigates quarkonium transport in a quark-gluon plasma, deriving a semiclassical Boltzmann equation and discussing the centrality and momentum dependence of the reaction rates. The research also explores ways to indirectly constrain the quarkonium in-medium real potential and quantum corrections to the semiclassical transport equation, which can be applied to understand quarkonium transport in cold nuclear matter.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Xiaojun Yao
Summary: This article reviews recent applications of the open quantum system framework in understanding quarkonium suppression in heavy-ion collisions, explaining the derivation of Lindblad equations and justification of the hierarchy of time scales. The physical implications of the open quantum system approach are discussed, along with listing some open questions for future studies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A
(2021)
Review
Physics, Nuclear
Emilien Chapon, David D'Enterria, Bertrand Ducloue, Miguel G. Echevarria, Pol-Bernard Gossiaux, Vato Kartvelishvili, Tomas Kasemets, Jean-Philippe Lansberg, Ronan McNulty, Darren D. Price, Hua-Sheng Shao, Charlotte Van Hulse, Michael Winn, Jaroslav Adam, Liupan An, Denys Yen Arrebato Villar, Shohini Bhattacharya, Francesco G. Celiberto, Cvetan Cheshkov, Umberto D'Alesio, Cesar da Silva, Elena G. Ferreiro, Chris A. Flett, Carlo Flore, Maria Vittoria Garzelli, Jonathan Gaunt, Jibo He, Yiannis Makris, Cyrille Marquet, Laure Massacrier, Thomas Mehen, Cedric Mezrag, Luca Micheletti, Riccardo Nagar, Maxim A. Nefedov, Melih A. Ozcelik, Biswarup Paul, Cristian Pisano, Jian-Wei Qiu, Sangem Rajesh, Matteo Rinaldi, Florent Scarpa, Maddie Smith, Pieter Taels, Amy Tee, Oleg Teryaev, Ivan Vitev, Kazuhiro Watanabe, Nodoka Yamanaka, Xiaojun Yao, Yanxi Zhang
Summary: The prospects for quarkonium-production studies in the upcoming high luminosity phases of the CERN Large Hadron Collider operation after 2021 are reviewed, with a focus on current issues, potential future studies, and the utilization of huge data samples. The investigations include various aspects such as quarkonia constraints on PDFs and parton dynamics, gluon Sivers effect, properties of quark-gluon plasma, and double and triple parton scatterings.
PROGRESS IN PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Tobias Binder, Kyohei Mukaida, Bruno Scheihing-Hitschfeld, Xiaojun Yao
Summary: This article presents a complete next-to-leading order calculation of the non-Abelian electric field correlator in a SU(N-c) plasma, providing insights into the properties of the plasma that are relevant for heavy particle bound state formation and dissociation.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Iain W. Stewart, Xiaojun Yao
Summary: A class of pure quark and gluon observables is constructed using the collinear drop grooming technique, which combines multiple cumulative distributions of jet mass in collinear drop with specific weights predicted perturbatively. These observables obtain values purely from quarks or gluons in a wide phase space region, as demonstrated in both perturbative resummation and nonperturbative dominant regions. The construction includes nonperturbative effects using shape functions as a common factor in the linear combinations. Numerical analysis with resummation and shape function models, as well as analysis with simulation tools PYTHIA and VINCIA, is performed to test the construction, with optimization of collinear drop parameters for experimental use.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Bruno Scheihing-Hitschfeld, Xiaojun Yao
Summary: Many transport coefficients of the quark-gluon plasma and nuclear structure functions can be expressed as gauge invariant correlation functions. The axial gauge n·A = 0 is discussed for calculating them, and the issues arising from trivializing the Wilson lines in correlation functions by gauge fixing are addressed. It is found that it is always impossible to completely remove the gauge fields n·A in Wilson lines that extend to infinity in the n direction by means of gauge transformations. The results explain the differences between two correlators defining transport coefficients and elucidate the discrepancies between two inequivalent gluon parton distribution functions.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Govert Nijs, Bruno Scheihing-Hitschfeld, Xiaojun Yao
Summary: Previous studies have shown that the gauge-invariant correlation function of chromoelectric fields connected by a straight timelike adjoint Wilson line encodes crucial information about quark-gluon plasma (QGP) and the dynamics of small-sized quarkonium in the medium. In this study, inspired by the success of holographic calculations, we used the AdS/CFT correspondence to calculate the analog gauge-invariant correlation function in strongly coupled N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory at finite temperature. Our results suggest that transition processes between bound and unbound quarkonium states are suppressed in strongly coupled plasmas, and the leading contributions to these transitions vanish in both the quantum Brownian motion and quantum optical limits of open quantum system approaches to quarkonia.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Bruno Scheihing-Hitschfeld, Xiaojun Yao
Summary: This study investigates the evolution of quarkonium inside a quark-gluon plasma and the extraction of transport coefficients from the Euclidean correlator. It explains the differences between transport coefficients and spectral functions at finite temperature and discusses the evaluation of the Euclidean correlator using lattice QCD methods.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Wibe A. de Jong, Kyle Lee, James Mulligan, Mateusz Ploskon, Felix Ringer, Xiaojun Yao
Summary: We present simulations of nonequilibrium dynamics of quantum field theories on digital quantum computers, using the Schwinger model as an example. By considering the interaction between the Schwinger model and a thermal environment, we study the open quantum system and its real-time dynamics through a Lindblad equation. With the help of the Stinespring dilation theorem, we explore the nonequilibrium dynamics and thermal state preparation of the Schwinger model using IBM's simulator and quantum devices. The findings have implications for various applications in nuclear and particle physics, quantum information, and cosmology.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Wibe A. de Jong, Mekena Metcalf, James Mulligan, Mateusz Ploskon, Felix Ringer, Xiaojun Yao
Summary: The framework proposed in this study allows for simulation of the dynamics of hard probes in a hot, strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma on a quantum computer, potentially providing exponential speed-up over classical techniques. Demonstrating the feasibility of simulating open quantum systems on current and near-term quantum devices, the research is relevant to various fields such as nuclear physics and quantum information.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Jorge Casalderrey-Solana, Jose Guilherme Milhano, Daniel Pablos, Krishna Rajagopal, Xiaojun Yao
Summary: The study explores how to improve the hybrid model description of the particles originating from the wake of a jet in a droplet of quark-gluon plasma produced in heavy ion collisions. Linearized hydrodynamics works better in the viscous case, while adding transverse flow effects leads to a harder transverse momentum spectrum with more particles produced above 2 GeV compared to the hybrid model. The study provides insights on how the jet wake may modify jet observables and highlights the importance of considering transverse flow effects and the broadening of energy-momentum perturbation in spacetime rapidity on particle production.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)