期刊
WATER
卷 12, 期 10, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/w12102746
关键词
heavy metals; wastewater; sludge; removal efficiency; health risk; surface water
资金
- South Africa Medical Research Council
- National Research Foundation
This study assessed the distribution of five heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, and Fe) across the various stages of treatment in three selected sewage treatment facilities and their receiving waterbodies in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Aqueous and solid (sludge) samples were collected monthly from September 2015 to February 2016. Quantitation was achieved by atomic absorption spectrometry after necessary sample preparations. Concentrations of heavy metal cations in the sludge generally varied from
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