Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Linjie Fan, Shuangyan Yang
Summary: This study examines the impact of intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) over mid-high-latitude Eurasia on stratosphere sudden warming (SSW) events during boreal winter using NCEP-NCAR reanalysis data. The results show that the westward-propagating ISO from the Canadian Arctic Archipelago to western Europe plays a significant role in affecting SSW events by inducing sea ice loss and weakening westerly flow.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Feiyang Wang, Rui Huang, Lei Wang
Summary: This study investigates the responses of tropical convection to the Northern Hemisphere stratospheric polar vortex events and finds that these events have a significant impact on convective activity over the western Pacific region. The changes in convective activity are primarily influenced by the intraseasonal variability, and the MJO phase plays a dominant role. Furthermore, a linear correlation between anomalous convective activity and static stability near the tropopause is observed, suggesting the crucial role of tropical upper troposphere in the evolution of tropical convection, particularly for the MJO.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Daniel Jellis, Kenneth P. Bowman, Anita D. Rapp
Summary: This study investigates the impact of overshooting convection on the stratosphere and troposphere by analyzing radar data. The results show that overshooting events have significant effects on chemistry and radiation. Additionally, a positive correlation is found between the duration of overshooting events and other track characteristics.
MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Todd P. Lane
Summary: This study introduces a new mechanism showing that lower-stratospheric wind shear influences the organization of mesoscale convection. Lower-stratospheric shear weakens systems propagating in the opposite direction, creating a preference for organized systems to propagate in the same direction as the shear vector. This result has important implications for stratosphere-troposphere interactions, numerical modeling, and understanding of convective organization.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Ellis Remsberg, Murali Natarajan, Ernest Hilsenrath
Summary: This paper discusses the value and use of daily ozone maps obtained from the Nimbus 7 LIMS instrument, focusing on the Version 6 data and their comparison with rocket-borne measurements. The results illustrate the importance of the synoptic maps of ozone and temperature in interpreting satellite limb-infrared emission data, especially during dynamically active periods. The paper also provides examples of ozone evolution and the wintertime tertiary ozone maximum, offering guidance for further exploratory analyses of LIMS data.
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Halil Ibrahim Yamac, Ahmet Koca
Summary: Water Flow Window (WFW) technology circulates water in the space between glazing, which may impact the energy consumption of HVAC equipment. This study aimed to compare the performance of triple glazing WFW in winter conditions in Turkey. Testing cabinets with three different glazing types were used to compare electrical energy consumption, and the results showed the potential for significant reduction in cooling and heating device consumption.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Shan Gao, Linqiang Zhou, Lanhui Guo, Man Xu, Shaobo Kang
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the physical and mechanical properties of original and aged recycled glulam under simulated marine atmosphere. The results showed that the physical properties of the recycled specimens changed significantly after salt spray corrosion. The main failure mode of the specimens under compression was oblique shear failure, and the mechanical properties of the recycled glulam decreased with the increase of salt spray corrosion duration.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Zizhen Dong, Lin Wang
Summary: This study investigates the characteristics and climate impacts of the quasi-biweekly oscillation (QBWO) over the western North Pacific (WNP) in boreal winter. The wintertime convection over the WNP is influenced by significant biweekly variability, with a leading mode of northwestward-propagating convection dipole. When the convection-active center of this QBWO is located to the east of the Philippines, it can induce upper-tropospheric divergence and excite a Rossby wave train propagating towards North America, leading to cold anomalies over central North America in the following week.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
S. V. Sunilkumar, Maria Emmanuel, M. Muhsin, P. R. Satheesh Chandran, A. Hemanth Kumar, Freddy P. Paul, K. Rajeev
Summary: During a cruise in the Indian Ocean in winter 2018, a sharp thermal inversion layer in the upper troposphere was observed. This inversion layer had a thickness of about 300 m and lasted for about 20 days, with a higher magnitude and persistence compared to other reported temperature inversions in the northern hemisphere.
METEOROLOGY AND ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Samuel Boahen, Selorm Kwaku Anka, Kwang Ho Lee, Jong Min Choi
Summary: Cascade multi-functional heat pumps are able to provide heating, hot water, and simultaneous heating and hot water. By optimizing the simultaneous heating and hot water cycle, increasing outdoor heat exchanger entering water temperature can improve performance, while increasing indoor heat exchanger entering water temperature may decrease performance. Hot water entering water temperature also affects performance, with potential for better energy efficiency at higher loads.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Thomas J. Bracegirdle, Hua Lu, Jon Robson
Summary: Climate model biases in the North Atlantic low-level tropospheric westerly jet remain present in CMIP6 models, although reduced compared to CMIP5. The equatorward bias is mainly associated with a weaker-than-observed frequency of poleward excursions of the jet to its northern position. CMIP models with larger equatorward jet biases exhibit weaker correlations between temporal variability in speed of the jet and sea surface conditions over the sub-polar gyre region. The early-winter equatorward bias in jet latitude in CMIP models could partially explain other known biases, such as the weaker-than-observed seasonal-decadal predictability of the NA climate system.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
Prasad G. Thoppil, Alan J. Wallcraft, Tommy G. Jensen
Summary: The winter convective mixing in the northern Arabian Sea during 2017-19 exhibited the most noticeable contrast. The response of the mixed layer to atmospheric forcing and the formation of ASHSW were studied using various observations and models. The winter convective mixing in 2017-18 was weaker, while 2018-19 experienced stronger and longer-lasting convective mixing.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jingyu Wang, Jiwen Fan, Robert A. Houze, Stella R. Brodzik, Kai Zhang, Guang J. Zhang, Po-Lun Ma
Summary: The study aims to address challenges in understanding the global water cycle by evaluating radar reflectivity features simulated by EAMv1, revealing an underestimation of reflectivity in the central US and a severe underestimation of higher-level radar reflectivity compared to observations. Further improvement in model evaluation is needed for future studies.
GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Bruno Oliveira Santana, Jefferson Torres-Quezada, Helena Coch, Antonio Isalgue
Summary: In cold regions, reducing the thermal transmittance of a building envelope is crucial for thermal comfort. However, in warmer climates, countries also adopt this strategy, often overlooking other influential parameters. This study focuses on passive building strategies for achieving thermal comfort in Mediterranean climates during winter. By comparing two dwellings in Barcelona and considering factors such as outdoor temperature and solar gains, the study shows that incorporating thermal inertia and solar gains can be more effective than solely reducing thermal transmittance.
Article
Plant Sciences
Brendon Malcolm, Shane Maley, Edmar Teixeira, Paul Johnstone, John de Ruiter, Hamish Brown, Stewart Armstrong, Steven Dellow, Mike George
Summary: The study showed that planting catch crops such as oats, ryecorn, or triticale in winter can reduce nitrogen leaching losses, with oats performing the best among the tested species.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthew Chantry, Hannah Christensen, Peter Dueben, Tim Palmer
Summary: The workshop in September 2019 highlighted the growing area of applying machine learning to improve weather and climate prediction, outlining motivations, opportunities, and challenges ahead. This article is part of the theme issue on 'Machine learning for weather and climate modelling'.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peter Gronquist, Chengyuan Yao, Tal Ben-Nun, Nikoli Dryden, Peter Dueben, Shigang Li, Torsten Hoefler
Summary: The study introduces a mixed model that utilizes a subset of original weather trajectories combined with deep neural networks for post-processing to improve ensemble forecast skills. The model shows a relative improvement of over 14% in ensemble forecast skill (CRPS), with larger improvements seen for extreme weather events on select case studies. By using fewer trajectories, computational costs can be reduced while maintaining comparable results to the full ensemble.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Maike Sonnewald, Redouane Lguensat, Daniel C. Jones, Peter D. Dueben, Julien Brajard, V Balaji
Summary: Progress in physical oceanography has been enhanced by the use of machine learning techniques, offering new possibilities for study and discovery. Challenges unique to ocean study, such as sparse spatial data and limited time series, can be addressed with ML. The use of ML in observations, theory, and numerical modeling shows promising opportunities for advancing oceanographic exploration.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Niraj Agarwal, D. Kondrashov, P. Dueben, E. Ryzhov, P. Berloff
Summary: This study conducted a comprehensive comparison of LR, stochastic, and deep-learning approaches for ocean circulation emulation, with the multi-level linear stochastic method performing the best for both short- and long-timescale forecasts. LR with white noise extension showed better performance on long timescales, while pure deep learning implementations performed worse than LR and its white noise augmentation. Overall, multi-level LR stochastic models and hybrid models augmented by stochastic terms learned via deep learning were found to be more practical, accurate, and cost-effective for ocean emulation.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Erika Monnin, Marlene Kretschmer, Inna Polichtchouk
Summary: The study found that in Europe, sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) occurring in early winter have a more pronounced surface impact compared to SSWs occurring later in the winter.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Inna Polichtchouk, Nils Wedi, Young-Ha Kim
Summary: Parametrized deep convection inhibits CGGWs, while explicitly resolved deep convection is almost unaffected by horizontal resolutions. As resolution increases, the contribution of small-scale CGGWs increases and that of long and mesoscale waves decreases.
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
David Meyer, Sue Grimmond, Peter Dueben, Robin Hogan, Maarten van Reeuwijk
Summary: The study developed an urban neural network (UNN) to train on the mean predicted fluxes from multiple urban land surface models (ULSMs), showing improved stability and accuracy. By combining the strengths of multiple ULSMs, the UNN successfully improved the modeling of surface fluxes.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
David Meyer, Robin J. Hogan, Peter D. Dueben, Shannon L. Mason
Summary: In this study, we propose to use computationally cheap neural networks to correct the treatment of cloud structure in numerical weather and climate models. By learning the difference between the 1D radiation scheme and the 3D SPARTACUS solver, which includes 3D cloud effects but is computationally expensive, neural networks can improve the accuracy of the models without significantly increasing the runtime.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Patrick Laloyaux, Thorsten Kurth, Peter Dominik Dueben, David Hall
Summary: Model bias is a major obstacle to accuracy and reliability in numerical weather prediction, and the weak-constraint 4D-Var method has been developed to correct bias accumulated along model trajectories. Deep learning is used to correct model bias using temperature retrievals from radio occultation measurements.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Sonja Gisinger, Inna Polichtchouk, Andreas Doernbrack, Robert Reichert, Bernd Kaifler, Natalie Kaifler, Markus Rapp, Irina Sandu
Summary: This study evaluates temperature and gravity wave activity in ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) over Rio Grande using long-term high-resolution temperature data from Compact Rayleigh Autonomous Lidar (CORAL). The results show that seasonal and altitudinal variations play an important role in explaining the temperature differences between IFS and lidar, and the gravity wave activity in the middle atmosphere is a major driver of seasonal variability.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Inna Polichtchouk, Annelize Van Niekerk, Nils Wedi
Summary: Global ECMWF IFS simulations are used to assess gravity wave forcing in the extratropical stratosphere at different horizontal resolutions. The results indicate a doubling in zonal-mean resolved gravity wave forcing with higher horizontal resolution. The parameterization of gravity wave forcing is still required at 9 and 4 km resolutions, and a rebalancing of the parameterized nonorographic and orographic gravity wave forcing is suggested.
JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jan Ackmann, Peter D. Dueben, Tim Palmer, Piotr K. Smolarkiewicz
Summary: This paper investigates the potential computational savings of using mixed precision arithmetic in elliptic solvers for atmosphere and ocean models. The study shows that for certain key components, using half precision can achieve a speed-up of 4 times compared to double precision.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Lucy Harris, Andrew T. T. McRae, Matthew Chantry, Peter D. Dueben, Tim N. Palmer
Summary: In this study, the authors utilize generative adversarial networks (GANs) to improve the accuracy and resolution of low-resolution weather forecasting model outputs, using high-resolution radar measurements as ground truth. By learning to add resolution and structure, GANs can generate high-resolution and spatially coherent precipitation maps, matching the statistical properties of state-of-the-art downscaling methods.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Christian Zeman, Nils P. Wedi, Peter D. Dueben, Nikolina Ban, Christoph Schar
Summary: The study compares the performance of the COSMO model and ECMWF's IFS model in simulating strong convective days over Europe, finding that for deep convective processes, time step and horizontal diffusion are important factors affecting model resolution.
GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Falko Judt, Daniel Klocke, Rosimar Rios-Berrios, Benoit Vanniere, Florian Ziemen, Ludovic Auger, Joachim Biercamp, Christopher Bretherton, Xi Chen, Peter Dueben, Cathy Hohenegger, Marat Khairoutdinov, Chihiro Kodama, Luis Kornblueh, Shian-Jiann Lin, Masuo Nakano, Philipp Neumann, William Putman, Niklas Roeber, Malcolm Roberts, Masaki Satoh, Ryosuke Shibuya, Bjorn Stevens, Pier Luigi Vidale, Nils Wedi, Linjiong Zhou
Summary: Recent advancements in computing and model development have ushered in the era of global storm-resolving modeling, showing great potential to revolutionize weather and climate prediction. This study evaluates the performance of nine global-storm resolving models in simulating tropical cyclones, with results showing that while they produce realistic TCs overall, each model has unique biases in terms of TC number, intensity, size, and structure. Some models perform better than others in simulating TCs, indicating the need for improvement to unleash the full potential of global storm-resolving models in TC prediction.
JOURNAL OF THE METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
(2021)
