Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sara Schiavone, Carrie Anderson, Ute Mons, Volker Winkler
Summary: The study found that countries with extensive or complete smoking bans had lower likelihood of SHS exposure in restaurants and bars compared to those with partial bans. Additionally, SHS exposure in restaurants and bars decreased significantly between 2014 and 2017.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hyo-Sun You, Jae-woo Lee, Ye-seul Kim, Yonghwan Kim, Hyeong-Cheol Lee, Jin Young Hwang, Woojung Yang, Hee-Taik Kang
Summary: The study found a significant association between second-hand smoke exposure and elevated urine NNAL levels in Korean adolescents, especially in female adolescents and those exposed to SHS at home.
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Markus Braun, Doris Klingelhoefer, Ruth Mueller, David A. Groneberg
Summary: This study reveals the high concentration of nitrogen oxides in second-hand smoke, which can have harmful effects on health. It is worth noting that the one-hour mean guideline for nitrogen dioxide set by the World Health Organization was exceeded in the experiment. Additionally, the measured NOx values show positive correlations with the concentrations of other chemical components in cigarettes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Neus Altet, Irene Latorre, Maria Angeles Jimenez-Fuentes, Antoni Soriano-Arandes, Raquel Villar-Hernandez, Celia Mila, Pablo Rodriguez-Fernandez, Beatriz Muriel-Moreno, Patricia Comella-del-Barrio, Pere Godoy, Joan-Pau Millet, Maria Luiza de Souza-Galvao, Carlos A. Jimenez-Ruiz, Jose Dominguez
Summary: This study found that exposure to second-hand smoke (SHS) is associated with an increased risk of tuberculosis (TB) and latent TB infection (LTBI) in children. Furthermore, smoking also affects the accuracy of Interferon-Gamma Release Assays (IGRAs) and cytokine immune responses.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
E. Melinda Mahabee-Gittens, Ashley L. Merianos, Roman A. Jandarov, Penelope J. E. Quintana, Eunha Hoh, Georg E. Matt
Summary: By comparing hand nicotine and urinary cotinine as biomarkers, the study found that they have different associations with pediatric illnesses, potentially influenced by factors like family income. Hand nicotine levels were linked to discharge diagnoses of viral infection, pulmonary illness, and bacterial infection in children, showing a distinct association compared to urinary cotinine.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Seunghan Kim, Juyeon Oh, Byungyoon Yun, Ara Cho, Juho Sim, Jin-Ha Yoon
Summary: This study investigated the influence of secondhand smoke (SHS) in the workplace on workers' depression and found a significant association between occupational SHS and depression. The analysis also showed that variables such as year, sex, and occupation had an impact on the results.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Substance Abuse
Emily Shoesmith, Lisa Huddlestone, Fabiana Lorencatto, Lion Shahab, Simon Gilbody, Elena Ratschen
Summary: A systematic review and meta-analysis show that behavioral and pharmacological support is effective in maintaining smoking abstinence following a stay in a smoke-free institution, with several behavior change techniques potentially helping to maintain abstinence for up to 18 months post-discharge.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Terefe Gelibo Argefa, Selam Abraham Kassa, Noreen Dadirai Mdege
Summary: This study conducted a scoping review of the existing literature in Ethiopia to identify gaps in research on second-hand smoke exposure and smoke-free environments. The study found a limited number of research reports and highlighted the need for further research on compliance monitoring and enforcement of smoke-free laws in Ethiopia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
E. Melinda Mahabee-Gittens, Ashley L. Merianos, Lara Stone, Chase A. Wullenweber, Penelope J. E. Quintana, Eunha Hoh, Nathan G. Dodder, Nicolas Lopez-Galvez, Georg E. Matt
Summary: This study compared the levels of hand nicotine and urinary tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) biomarkers, and investigated the association between hand nicotine and children's exposure to active smoking. The results showed that hand nicotine and cotinine had the strongest overall associations, and only cotinine showed significantly higher levels among Black children. Hand nicotine levels were associated with modifiable tobacco-related behaviors and could serve as a marker of sources of THS pollution in a child's environment that are not captured by measurement of urinary cotinine alone.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Markus Braun, Maike Dehm, Doris Klingelhoefer, David A. Groneberg
Summary: This study measured the particulate matter emissions of eight cigarillo brands and a reference cigarette, showing generally high PM emissions for all investigated tobacco products. Filter-tipped cigarillos exhibited lower PM emissions. The findings suggest mandatory declaration of PM amounts to government authorities for all tobacco products.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Anyan Huang, Kusheng Wu, Zemin Cai, Yuhang Lin, Xuanzhi Zhang, Yanhong Huang
Summary: The study found that postnatal exposure to second-hand smoke increases the risk of ADHD in children and may be associated with some adverse behavioral outcomes. More prospective studies are needed to confirm the relationship between second-hand smoke exposure and ADHD in children.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Grace Ping Ping Tan, Odelia Teo, Yvette van der Eijk
Summary: This study explores the psychosocial impacts, views, and experiences of residential secondhand smoke in a densely populated urban setting. The findings indicate that secondhand smoke has wide-reaching impacts on physical and psychosocial wellbeing. The complex dynamics of family, community, and culture contribute to the challenges of addressing the issue. Additionally, secondhand smoke exposure from neighbors is considered a widespread issue, further exacerbated by structural factors and the COVID-19 pandemic.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hosna Janjani, Ramin Nabizadeh, Mansour Shamsipour, Homa Kashani, Mina Aghaei, Masud Yunesian
Summary: This study estimates the exposure to second-hand smoke and its burden of diseases in Iran from 2009 to 2020. It finds an increasing trend of second-hand smoke exposure and identifies respiratory infections, asthma, and otitis media as highly burdensome diseases. Policymakers in Iran need to pay more attention to the increasing burden of otitis media and asthma associated with second-hand smoke exposure.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz, Rodrigo M. Carrillo-Larco
Summary: Despite being preventable, second-hand smoke exposure is prevalent among adolescents. This study provides contemporary evidence of the prevalence of second-hand smoking among adolescents in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) based on the most recent data.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-AMERICAS
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Allan Jenkinson, Nadja Bednarczuk, Ourania Kaltsogianni, Emma E. Williams, Rebecca Lee, Ravindra Bhat, Theodore Dassios, Anthony D. Milner, Anne Greenough
Summary: Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy can impair infant respiratory control, especially in response to high levels of carbon dioxide. This may increase the risk of sudden infant death syndrome. The impact of maternal second-hand smoke exposure on infants' respiratory response has not yet been determined.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Review
Substance Abuse
Nicola Lindson, Ailsa R. Butler, Alex Liber, David T. Levy, Phoebe Barnett, Annika Theodoulou, Caitlin Notley, Nancy A. Rigotti, Jamie Hartmann-Boyce
Summary: This study found no clear association between e-cigarette flavours and smoking cessation or long-term e-cigarette use. While some studies showed that individuals using tobacco-flavoured e-cigarettes were more likely to continue using them after 6 months, the reliability of these findings is uncertain. The study also found that e-cigarette users switch between flavours over time.
Article
Substance Abuse
Caitlin Notley, Robert West, Kirstie Soar, Janna Hastings, Sharon Cox
Summary: This study aims to create a basic set of definitions and relationships for identity-related constructs, in order to facilitate evidence synthesis and interoperability across different theoretical positions. The study proposes concepts such as identity, self-appraisal, and group identity, and describes different expressions of identity through logically defined identity classes.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Caitlin Notley, Lucy Clark, Pippa Belderson, Emma Ward, Allan B. Clark, Steve Parrott, Sanjay Agrawal, Ben M. Bloom, Adrian A. Boyle, Geraint Morris, Alasdair Gray, Tim Coats, Mei-See Man, Linda Bauld, Richard Holland, Ian Pope
Summary: This study aims to determine whether an opportunistic smoking cessation intervention delivered in the emergency department can help daily smokers quit smoking and is cost-effective. The trial compares brief smoking cessation advice with provision of an e-cigarette and referral to local stop smoking services (intervention group) and provision of contact details for local stop smoking services (control group). Outcomes will be collected at 1, 3, and 6 months, with the primary outcome being carbon monoxide verified continuous smoking abstinence at 6 months.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Brioney Gee, Clio Berry, Joanne Hodgekins, Kathryn Greenwood, Michael Fitzsimmons, Anna Lavis, Caitlin Notley, Katherine Pugh, Max Birchwood, David Fowler
Summary: The study found that augmenting early intervention in psychosis services with Social Recovery Therapy (SRT) can enhance social recovery in individuals with first-episode psychosis. Through semi-structured interviews with participants, it was identified that SRT improves social recovery through increased self-understanding and encouragement to face feared situations. These findings are valuable in ensuring the replicability of observed benefits.
BEHAVIOURAL AND COGNITIVE PSYCHOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Substance Abuse
Olga Perski, Dominika Kwasnicka, Dimitra Kale, Verena Schneider, Dorothy Szinay, Gill ten Hoor, Bernard Yeboah-Asiamah Asare, Peter Verboon, Daniel Powell, Felix Naughton, Jan Keller
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the psychological and contextual predictors of smoking lapse incidence in smokers attempting to quit. The study found that environmental and social cues, as well as cravings, were key predictors of smoking lapse. These findings have important implications for smoking cessation interventions.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Arti Singh, Hana Ross, Fiona Dobbie, Allen Gallagher, Tarja Kinnunen, Divine Darlington Logo, Olivia A. Boateng, Anna Gilmore, Linda Bauld, Ellis Owusu-Dabo
Summary: This study aimed to measure the extent of illicit cigarette consumption from single stick sales, determine the nature and types of illicit cigarettes in Ghana, and identify factors associated with illicit cigarette consumption. The results showed that about 20% of the cigarette packs were illicit, with the majority originating from Togo, followed by Nigeria and Cote d'Ivoire. Factors such as convenience stores, border towns, pack price, and the northern zone were associated with higher odds of illicit cigarette sales.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Linda Bauld, Alice Street, Roxanne Connelly, Imogen Bevan, Yazmin Morlet Corti, Mats Stage Baxter, Helen R. Stagg, Sarah Christison, Tamara Mulherin, Lesley Sinclair, Tim Aitman
Summary: The acceptability of regular asymptomatic testing for COVID-19 on a university campus using saliva sampling for PCR analysis was explored in this study. The use of saliva-based PCR testing was regarded as more comfortable and accurate than lateral flow devices. Convenience was identified as a key facilitator of participation in regular testing programs, and the availability of testing did not appear to undermine engagement with public health guidelines.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Amanda Luken, Michael R. Desjardins, Meghan B. Moran, Tamar Mendelson, Vadim Zipunnikov, Thomas R. Kirchner, Felix Naughton, Carl Latkin, Johannes Thrul
Summary: This study demonstrates a method of generating person-specific geofences around high-risk areas for smoking using a combination of self-reported smartphone-based surveys and passively tracked location data. The study shows that this geofence construction method can identify high-risk smoking situations by time and place and has potential for generating individually tailored geofences for smoking cessation intervention delivery.
JMIR MHEALTH AND UHEALTH
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Catherine Kimber, Vassilis Sideropoulos, Sharon Cox, Daniel Frings, Felix Naughton, Jamie Brown, Hayden McRobbie, Lynne Dawkins
Summary: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of different combinations of five e-cigarette-orientated intervention components on smoking cessation. A randomized factorial design was used, with a total of 1214 participants recruited online. The study found that a combination of tailored flavour advice and text message support showed promise as an intervention for smokers attempting to quit using e-cigarettes.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
S. Hanson, P. Belderson, E. Ward, F. Naughton, C. Notley
Summary: This study used photo-methods to understand people's health and wellbeing experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK. The findings revealed two major themes: loss and salutogenesis, with participants experiencing both negative and positive effects on their wellbeing. Understanding these differential experiences is crucial for targeted resource allocation and recovery.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Iga Palacz-Poborczyk, Kerry Chamberlain, Felix Naughton, Alicja Baska, Aleksandra Luszczynska, Eleanor Quested, Martin S. Hagger, Sherry Pagoto, Peter Verboon, Suzanne Robinson, Dominika Kwasnicka
Summary: The study aims to explore health perceptions and self-defined facilitators to health in the general population, and assess if these perceptions are connected with the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. The photo-elicitation method was used to collect data, and polytextual thematic analysis was applied to identify the main themes associated with health perceptions and facilitators. The findings provide evidence for individual health perceptions and self-defined facilitators to health, and can support the development of future health interventions.
PSYCHOLOGY & HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
E. Ward, L. Dawkins, R. Holland, I Pope, C. Notley
Summary: In the UK, there is a shift towards medicalisation of vaping for smoking cessation, with increased partnership working between healthcare professionals and the vaping industry. The article explores the acceptability of different approaches by seeking the perspectives of people who have used e-cigarettes to quit smoking. The findings suggest that both commercial and medical routes to vaping offer perceived benefits and can support smoking cessation.
PERSPECTIVES IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Vassilis Sideropoulos, Eleni Vangeli, Felix Naughton, Sharon Cox, Daniel Frings, Caitlin Notley, Jamie Brown, Catherine Kimber, Lynne Dawkins
Summary: In this study, we developed and evaluated a set of SMS text messages to assist smokers in quitting by switching to vaping. The messages were co-developed with vapers and smokers, and were found to be useful by a majority of the participants. Researchers are encouraged to further utilize and adapt this set of SMS text messages for different target populations and contexts.
JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Shaista Rasool, Fiona Dobbie, Fayaz Ahmad, Zohaib Khan, Richard Holliday, Linda Bauld
Summary: This study aimed to understand the influences governing the implementation of smokeless tobacco (ST) cessation support in dental hospitals in Pakistan. Dentists seldom screened ST users and only offered brief advice as cessation support. Barriers identified by dentists included fear, lack of knowledge and skills, lack of privacy, lack of belief in the effectiveness of behavioral support, lack of time and workload pressure, ST use in dentists, lack of referral systems, and absence of a mandatory requirement to offer cessation support. Facilitators included support delivery through junior dentists and longer interactions between dentists and patients. Patients reported receiving negligible cessation support from any healthcare provider.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Harry Tattan-Birch, Loren Kock, Jamie Brown, Emma Beard, Linda Bauld, Robert West, Lion Shahab
Summary: Preliminary evidence suggests that offering e-cigarettes alongside varenicline may be more effective for smoking cessation than varenicline alone in individuals receiving behavioral support. However, more evidence is needed to confirm the findings due to the limited sample size.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2023)