Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Qinglin Guo, Yanwu Wang, Wenwu Chen, Qiangqiang Pei, Manli Sun, Shanlong Yang, Jingke Zhang, Yumin Du
Summary: The paper discusses the progress and challenges in the field of earthen site conservation in China. It highlights the need to address issues such as the relationship between diseases and the environment, deterioration mechanisms, stability control technology, and protection process quality assessment. The paper also presents a framework for studying the conservation of earthen sites under multi-field coupling and discusses protection projects in different environments.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hossein Tabari, Parisa Hosseinzadehtalaei, Wim Thiery, Patrick Willems
Summary: The study reveals a substantial increase in both flood and drought risk towards the end of the century globally, with South America and Africa identified as hotspot regions. Transitioning from fossil-fueled development to sustainable energy sources can significantly reduce global flood and drought risks.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiang He, Sijia Wang, Bingjian Zhang
Summary: The study introduces a dual-parameter model for predicting dew on earthen heritage sites, validated through experiments. The model aids in developing automatic environmental control systems for enhancing preventive protection of earthen heritage sites.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yin Xia, Fei Fu, Jiayi Wang, Chuck Wah Yu, Zhaolin Gu
Summary: Salt enrichment in the topsoil is an important factor causing weathering of sites and relics, and it poses a significant challenge to their preservation. The inhomogeneous distribution of salt enrichments in undulating earthen sites makes it difficult to prevent the deterioration of salt enrichment accurately. A case study of salt enrichment at Emperor Qin's Mausoleum Site Museum was conducted to simulate and analyze water and salt transport using HYDRUS software. The simulation showed that soluble salt ions mainly accumulate on the surface of rammed earth and increase annually, but environmental control measures can effectively delay salt damage at the sites.
INDOOR AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Tongyang Wang, Qinglin Guo, Qiangqiang Pei, Wenwu Chen, Yanwu Wang, Bo Zhang, Jing Yu
Summary: This study explores the soil consolidation characteristics of biological soil crusts (BSCs) on the shallow surfaces of earthen sites through laboratory experiments. The results show that moss rhizoids can improve the shear strength of the surface soil, and the surface roughness of the rhizoids affects their anchorage characteristics. Furthermore, the necessity of constructing a heterogeneous research model highlighting specific environmental factors, plants, and earthen sites is emphasized.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Wenwu Chen, Bobo Jia, Xiaokang Shan, Yilun Qin, Lei Yang
Summary: Basal erosion is a common salt deterioration in arid and semi-arid areas, causing collapse of site walls due to water and salt migration. Repairing with coarser soil composition can effectively mitigate secondary salt deterioration, while finer soil composition can aggravate salt deterioration in the repaired area.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Obaid Ur Rehman, Xiaoxing Liu
Summary: The study found a positive correlation between corporate default risk and environmental deterioration, particularly in low-income and highly uncertain countries. Additionally, the negative impact of corporate default risk on the environment is more pronounced in countries with higher population density and less forest area.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Qifeng Li, Bing Dang, Dandan Li, Xiaoying Hu
Summary: Earthen sites have significant historical and cultural value, but erosion often causes their destruction. Solidification of calcined ginger nuts can enhance the strength of soil to protect these sites. However, the degradation of solidified soil strength after dry-wet and freeze-thaw cycles is unclear.
Article
Archaeology
Jin Dong, Xiaobin Liu
Summary: A study shows that sucrose-modified enzyme-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (EICP) technology can enhance the surface hardness, salt corrosion resistance, weather resistance, and water repellency of tabia samples. Sucrose regulates the morphology of calcium carbonate crystals, provides nucleation sites for them, and promotes their accumulation and cementation through viscosity, resulting in the formation of a dense protective layer on the surface of tabia.
JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE
(2022)
Article
Architecture
Bin Chang, Jiaxuan Li, Ku Li, Xilian Luo, Zhaolin Gu
Summary: This study explored the use of an ultrasonic atomization system to prevent dry cracking in earthen sites. The experimental results showed that the system effectively maintained high water content, reduced salt concentrations, and enhanced the structural stability of the sites.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE
(2023)
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Martin Thomas Falk, Eva Hagsten
Summary: This study assesses the correlation between two sources of fire threats data for Cultural World Heritage Sites in Europe and finds that they complements each other. The results show the perceived fire risk is related to site characteristics and location. The EFFIS index gives more weight to latitude, with higher risks in Southern Europe and lower risks at higher latitudes.
Article
Agronomy
Tengcong Jiang, Bin Wang, Xijuan Xu, Yinxuan Cao, De Li Liu, Liang He, Ning Jin, Haijiao Ma, Shang Chen, Kuifeng Zhao, Hao Feng, Qiang Yu, Yingbin He, Jianqiang He
Summary: In this study, multiple models were used to assess the impacts of climate change on winter wheat production in the Loess Plateau of China, and the sources of uncertainty were analyzed. The results showed that species distribution models were the main contributor to the uncertainty in winter wheat production projections, while crop models had relatively low uncertainty.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Management
Simon Bridge
Summary: This paper explores two main approaches for addressing future uncertainty: forecasting and planning or exploring, effectuating, anti-fragility, and trial and error. While forecasting and planning is widely used, it has many drawbacks and may not be the best option in uncertain conditions.
JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & ORGANIZATION
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Asish Saha, Subodh Chandra Pal, M. Santosh, Saeid Janizadeh, Indrajit Chowdhuri, Akbar Norouzi, Paramita Roy, Rabin Chakrabortty
Summary: Cultural heritage sites in mountainous regions face threats from earthquakes, rainfall, and climate change, leading to environmental degradation. Conservation and management of mountain environments are essential for the survival of the global ecosystem. This study focused on mapping multi-hazard susceptibility and risk assessment in famous cultural heritage sites in the eastern Himalayan region, using advanced techniques to identify vulnerable areas and help develop proper management strategies.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Li Sheng, Huarong Xie, Yan Ma, Shuichi Hokoi, Yonghui Li
Summary: The polychrome clay sculptures of the Buddha at Baosheng Temple in Suzhou, China are important cultural heritage with a long history. However, they are currently facing issues of cracking, peeling, and fading due to environmental factors. By analyzing the hygrothermal environment and temperature/moisture content near the sculptures, it is concluded that the conservation conditions need to be improved to reduce surface evaporation of the sculptures.
CASE STUDIES IN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
(2022)